Exam 2 Flashcards
(230 cards)
According to the DSM V, when a person has experienced trauma, they have been exposed to a traumatic event where they experience, witness, or are confronted with ___, ___, or ___. The person responds with ___, helplessness, or horror. Children may respond by feeling disorganized or agitated.
Death/threated death; serious injury; threat to physical integrity; fear.
What are some common traumatic events?
MVA, natural disasters, sexual assault, childhood sexual abuse, domestic violence, combat, elder abuse, homicide, suicide of a loved one
What are the three parts of the practical definition of trauma?
- Non-consensual
- Victim is in discomfort, fear, feels intimidated
- Bodily integrity is threatened
What is a statutory offense where the offender knowingly causes another person to engage in unwanted sexual acts by force or threat of force?
Rape/sexual assault
What is the prevalence of sexual assault in the US (women/men)?
Women: 22%
Men: 3.8%
What is any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation OR an act or failure to act which presents an imminent risk of serious harm?
Child abuse
More than ___ children die every day as a result of child abuse. The vast majority are under age ___.
5; 4
What is the prevalence of child sexual abuse (women/men)?
Women: 16.8%
Men: 7.9%
What is a violent confrontation between family or household members involving physical harm, sexual assault, or fear of physical harm?
Intimate partner violence
Nearly ___ of women in the US reports experiencing violence by a current/former spouse or boyfriend in her lifetime.
1/4
On average, greater than ___ women are murdered by their husbands or boyfriends in the US.
3
Men who have witnessed their parents’ domestic violence are ___ times more likely to abuse their own partners.
2
More than ___% of batterers also abuse their children or their victim’s children.
50
What is the physical, sexual, or emotional abuse of an elderly person, usually one who is disabled and frail?
Elder abuse
___% of older people reported significant abuse in the last month.
6
___% of vulnerable elders reported significant levels of psychological abuse.
25
___% of family caregivers reported physical abuse towards care recipients with dementia in a year, and 1/3 reported significant abuse.
5
___% of care home staff admitted significant psychological abuse.
16
___% of men and ___% of women have been exposed (either as soldiers or civilians).
10-20; 2-10
The rate of ___ and MVA are now equal as the leading cause of non-medical deaths in the US.
Firearms
Describe the cycle of trauma.
Childhood traumatic stress -> Adult traumatic stress -> Toxic stress in the community (repeat)
Describe the stress response in the body.
- Amygdala senses threat
- Hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone
- Pituitary releases adrenocorticotropic releasing hormone
- Adrenal cortex releases glucocorticoids (including cortisol)
- Sympathetic nervous system stimulates fight or flight response
In PTSD, individuals begin to generalize their fear responses to situations that once felt safe. What happens as a result?
The amygdala can no longer discern threatening from safe stimuli and the SNS and HPA axis become chronically activated.
Describe the utilization of preventative care by trauma survivors.
Trauma survivors are less likely to use preventative care.