Exam 2

Question 1

Temple Mount

Answer 1

7th century
Jewish place
People can’t go because you don’t want to walk on God
Most important religious site in the old city in the Jerusalem
umar cleared the temple->reclaimed the temple-> NOT praying toward rock
Muslims want to build mosque-> Jews want it to face original temple to continue Jewish traditions
Alignment towards Mecca only
Shows connection between the two religions

Question 2

Dome of the Rock

Answer 2

Temple mount in Jerusalem
7th century
Foundation of Jewish Temples
Shrine located on the Temple Mount in Jerusulam
Inscription inside warning against trinitarianism
Muslim audience
Muhummad is said to have ascended to heaven

Question 3

Nasiri Khusraw

Answer 3

A person of shii-philosopher and writer 
Beginning of the 11th century
Central Asia, pilgrim to mecca
Clerk
Avoided the clarivan
Visited shii cities like caiko and lahsa (avoided abassad cities)
Shii were minority but in power

Question 4

Hasdai B. shaprut

Answer 4

Jew-right hand man of the leader of the ishmaelites
Physician who worked for Umayyads caliphs
Served as a go between for Muslim and Christian powers within Europe
Early 10th century
Córdoba, Spain
Famous for a letter in Hebrew->talks about how Jews can get hope for having Jewish leaders

Question 5

Córdoba

Answer 5

Hasadai Shaprut
Muslim rulers (ummayids)
9th century
Not a famous pilgrimage site, center of learning
Spain
Connections because the many religions represented in the mosque of Córdoba, jews established their identity

Question 6

Mozarab

Answer 6

Spanish Christians that were arabized
Aljamiado-Arabic script
8th century
Connects Europe to Middle East and Africa to share religious practices
Connection of Christians in a Muslim ruled area

Question 7

Santiago de compostela

Answer 7

Major pilgrimage site in Spain
Poor or rich pilgrims
Pilgrims are from France, Italy, and southern space
Santiago makes NW Spain very important- safer from Africa
Santiagos cathedral- we see artistic strength of medieval society
10th century
“St James the greater” spreads Jesus message
King Herod maryred him in Jerusalem (strengthens Christian belief)
Apostle
Gives insight of roman past
Architectural style of the different buildings is notable

Question 8

Scallop

Answer 8

Symbol of pilgrimage
9th century
St James was a fisherman in Galilea->pilgrim road to physical and spiritual
The shell represents the many different spiritual/religious pathways that lead to the Same place
Spreading Christianity

Question 9

Mecca

Answer 9

Muslims and prophet Muhummad
Religious not a political place
2nd civil war of Islam around 7th century
Birthplace of Muhummad- religious revelations
Mecca Vs. Syria -> over who should be caliph-> happened after Muhummad died
Syria thought he should be caliph because the was closer
What is today Saudi Arabia
Significant because it is the center of Muslim pilgrimage related to the hajj

Question 10

Hajj

Answer 10

Muslims
Commemorates both Muhummad and biblical prophet in 7th century
Routes did not come from Russia
Annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca
Mandatory religiousous duty for Muslims (once in lifetime)
Largest annual gathering in the world

Question 11

Varanasi

Answer 11

India-attracts Hindus Buddhists Jains and Englishman
Pilgrims hope to bathe in the river
Heart of Varanasi in the river Ganges
Temples, small shrines, cremation grounds
11th century-Gah Advalas make it political capital
Connections between the world
The whole earth is sacred
Tirtha-crossing place
Avatara- decent
Walking and ascetism- network of cities for pilgrimage
Non political center
Afghanistan- 1192 invasion by Muslims

Question 12

Tirtha

Answer 12

Pilgrimage sites
2nd century
Pilgrims who visited Varanasi
Inspiration to enable one to cross over from worldly engagement to Moksha. (Meeting of heaven and earth )

People go to Varanasi to get out of cycle of reincarnation

Question 13

Sarnath

Answer 13

6 miles from Varanasi 
Buddhists From India 
Siddhartha Gautama (most famous pilgrim in Varanasi)
5the century BCE
Prince turned ascetic 
"Middle way" stay away from extremelism 
Known today as the Buddha
In varnassi to teach

Question 14

Wutai Shan

Answer 14

Mountain in China and pilgrim site
5th century
Mangushri
Bodhisattva (way towards enlightenment)
Embodiment of wisdom-cut through ignorance with a sword
Field of activity where can help others
Visitors have visions of him
5 peaks 130 sites temples stoopas(tied to Buddha teaching area)
Important to those who go on pilgrimage there

Question 15

Qublai khan

Answer 15

China
Died in the 13th century
White stoopa by Nepalese artist
Imperial emanation of mangushri
Conquered the Song Dynasty to complete the Mongol rule of China

Question 16

Padampa

Answer 16

Died in 12th century
South Indian
Lived in wutai Shan
Recognized by Chinese king
Moved to Tibet (from China)
Founded the pacification of suffering tradition and linked Tibet and wutai Shan
Story informs us about connections btweetn Tibet China and India

Question 17

Jerusalem

Answer 17

Middle East City which is important for religion
Jews Christians and Muslims
Taken by Muslims almost immediantly after Muhammad
Jews in Jerusalem 1st temple destroyed in 6th century and dwelling place of God
Christians in Jerusalem Nea church (site of crucifixion)
Muslims in Jerusalem night journey-> God brought him, meets everyone and leads prayer, angel takes him down to hell

Question 18

Moorslayer

Answer 18

St James and the mythical rep of him
Disciple of Jesus, the title of Moorslayer was given to him by the Spanish, centuries after hs death because of the fictional battle he supposedly took part in
9th century
Spain
He was said to be in the fight Christian vs Muslim moors