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Physiology Of Exercise > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of strength

A

Isometric
Isotonic
Isokinetic

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2
Q

Isometric

A

same length

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3
Q

Isotonic

A

same tension

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4
Q

Isokinetic

A

same speed

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5
Q

Isometric contraction

A

No visible movement
Muscle tension varies with number of motor units involved
The least gain for most time involved

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6
Q

Isometric contraction is useful for:

A

rehabilitation

sticking points

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7
Q

Sticking points

A

Targets the weakest part of a movement

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8
Q

1 RM=

A

the most weight lifted one time
always an isotonic measure
load does not change

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9
Q

Toning

A

partial state of muscle contraction

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10
Q

Isotonic stimulus

A

free weights
pulley machines
field tests

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11
Q

Isotonic exercise

A

when contracting muscles shorten against a constant load (shifting a weight)

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12
Q

Isokinetic exercise

A

movements that take place at a controlled rate of speed

constant speed with changing force

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13
Q

Isokinetics use

A

cams

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14
Q

Isotonic uses

A

pulleys

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15
Q

Cam

A

an odd shaped heel
radius is different
pivot distances change

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16
Q

Pulleys

A

r is equal

changes direction of the pull

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17
Q

If the cam increases/decreases…

A

the distance (d2) then work2 must change

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18
Q

When work2 is altered,

A

work1 must also change

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19
Q

F1 is the force applied by person lifting…

A

it is increased/decreased by the change in worl

20
Q

Strength

A

short burst of high intensity followed by long rest pause

21
Q

Muscle endurance

A

repetitive bouts of lower intensity with little or no rest pauses

22
Q

Motor unit

A

one nerve, many muscle cells

23
Q

Firing order…

A

creates a range of applied force

24
Q

Hypertrophy results from

A

multiple myofibrils enlarging OR
increased fluid OR
Both

25
Q

Both males and females can

A

hypertrophy

26
Q

Must remove fat to…

A

show musculature

27
Q

To measure strength…

A

1 RM (work= force x distance)

28
Q

To measure power…

A

Time the 1 RM lift (work/time)

29
Q

Muscle endurance

A

choose a weight, lift to failure

30
Q

Muscular force…

A

changes with joint angle

31
Q

1 RM isotonically

A

weakest point on a strength curve

32
Q

Best isotonic weight training machine

A

shoulder extension strength curve

see graph

33
Q

Best isokinetic weight training machine

A

Hip flexion strength curve

see graph

34
Q

Relative Perceived Exertion (RPE)

A

Gunnar Borg Scale

older to newer

35
Q

Electromyograph

A

detects electrical potential from skeletal muscle cells

36
Q

Eccentric 1 RM differs from…

A

concentric 1 RM

37
Q

How to increase a sprint:

A

Biomechanical analysis correct inefficiencies
Lift weight at each joint (one part of a time)
mirror speed of movement at each joint with resistance

38
Q

Fiber=

A

Cell

39
Q

Type 1=

A

slow twitch

40
Q

Type II=

A

Fast twitch

41
Q

Type IIa example

A

walking muscles

42
Q

Motor unit are all…

A

fast twitch or slow twitch

43
Q

Can’t change…

A

between slow to fast twitch and vice versa

44
Q

Fast twitch: Type IIB

A

Power, quick fatigue

Football, shotput, sprinting/hurdles, high jump

45
Q

Fast Twitch A: Type IIA

A

Moderate force, moderate fatigue
lose force, gain tension
gymnastics, situps, pullups

46
Q

Slow twith: type A

A

minimal force, long fatigability

swimming, cycling, marathon, rowing

47
Q

Iso

A

same

Physiology Of Exercise (3 decks)

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