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Movement Science 2 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the patella

A

Act as an anatomical pulley for the quad

Decrease friction between quad tendon and femoral condyles

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2
Q

Pattern of patella contact

A

20 degrees - inferior pole
90 degrees - superior and medial/lateral border (except odd facet)
Greater than 90 - odd facet starts to come into contact
135 degrees -only at medial and lateral border

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3
Q

Joint reaction forces of patella

A

Joint angle

Quad force

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4
Q

Normal value for Q angle

A

10-15 degrees

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5
Q

Ways to increase Q angle

A

Femoral anteversion
Pronation of foot
Increased valgus

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6
Q

Ways to increase lateral tracking of patella

A 
VMO weak 
Tight ITB
Increased valgus 
Femoral anteversion 
Lateral tibial torsion 
Pronation of foot
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7
Q

Functions of ankle

A

Stable base of support (support weight in a variety of postures with little muscular and energy requirements)
Acts as a rigid level for push off

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8
Q

Function segments of ankle (and what is part of each of them)

A

Hindfoot (calcaneus and talus)
Midfoot (navicular, cuboid, and cuneiforms)
Forefoot (metatarsals and phalanges)

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9
Q

Movements in supination

A

Plantar flexion, add, inversion

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10
Q

Movements in pronation

A

Dorsiflexion, abduction, eversion

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11
Q

Ligaments of superior tibiofibular joint

A

Anterior tibiofibular

Posterior tibiofibular

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12
Q

Ligaments of inferior tibiofibular joint

A

Anterior tibiofibular
Posterior tibiofibular
Interosseous membrane
Crural tibiofibular interosseous ligament

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13
Q

Joint injured when say high ankle sprain

A

Inferior tibiofibular because the tibia and fibula separate more than normal

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14
Q

Support (ligaments) of talocrural joint

A

Ligaments of inferior tibiofibular
MCL - deltoid
LCL - anterior and posterior talofibular; calcaneofibular
Extensor and peroneal retinacula

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15
Q

Anterior talofibular stressed with what movements

A

PF, inv, medial rotation

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16
Q

Calcaneofibular stressed with what movements

A

DF and inverted

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17
Q

Posterior talofibular stressed with what movements

A

DF, inv, lateral rotation

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18
Q

Axis for talocrural joint (and angles)

A

M/L axis
14 degrees inferiorly
23 degrees posteriorly

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19
Q

Primary movement at talocrural joint

A

PF/DF

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20
Q

Arthrokinematics of talocrural in NWB

A

Convex on concave

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21
Q

Arthrokinematics of talocrural in WB

A

Concave on convex

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22
Q

Structures that limit DF

A

Soft tissue, soleus, posterior joint capsule

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23
Q

Structures that limit PF

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus

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24
Q

Structures that protect medial aspect of ankle

A

MCL
Tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus

25
Structures that protect lateral aspect of ankle
LCL Peroneus longus Peroneus brevis
26
Articulations of subtalar joint
Posterior talocalcaneal | Anterior & Medial talocalcaneal
27
Lateral support of subtalar joint
Calcaneofibular ligament Lateral talocalcaneal ligament Cervial ligament (strongest) Interosseous talocalcaneal
28
Medial support of subtalar joint
Deltoid ligament
29
Subtalar axis (and angles)
Starts pure A/P Inclined upward 42 degrees Inclined medially 16 degrees
30
Primary motions at subtalar joint (ratio?)
Equal amount of abd/add and inv/ev (4:4:1)
31
Arthrokinematics of subtalar joint in NWB
Posterior talocalcaneal - convex on concave | Anterior/Middle talocalcaneal - concave on convex
32
Subtalar neutral
Point at which calcaneus is inverted 2x as much as it everts
33
Motions of calcaneus during gait
3 degrees of inv at heel strike, then everts 2 degrees in stance, then goes back to inversion
34
Transverse tarsal joint
Talonavicular | Calcaneocuboid
35
Ligaments of talonavicular joint
Spring ligament - inferiorly Deltoid ligament - medially Bifurcate ligament - laterally Dorsal talonavicular
36
Ligaments of calcaneocuboid joint
Dorsal calcaneocuboid Lateral branch of bifurcate ligament Short plantar Long plantar ligament
37
Longitudinal axis of midtarsal joint
Almost pure A/P Inclined up 15 degrees Angled medially 9 degrees
38
Oblique axis of midtarsal joint
Starts A/P Angled medially 57 degrees Angled superiorly 52 degrees
39
Motions that occur at midtarsal joint
Inversion/Eversion - longitudinal | PF/DF and abd/add - oblique
40
Functions of midtarsal joint
Add to pronation/supination of hindfoot | Help compensate for hindfoot position
41
1st TMT articulation
1st metatarsal with medial cuneiform
42
2nd TMT articulation
2nd metatarsal with articulation middle cuneiform and sides of medial/lateral cuneiform
43
3rd TMT articulation
3rd metatarsal with lateral cuneiform
44
4th and 5th TMT articulation
4th and 5th metatarsal with cuboid
45
Functions of TMT joints
Form arches Regulate position of MT and phalanges in relation to WB Help compensate if midfoot cannot do so
46
Index +
First toe longest
47
Index + -
First and second toes are equal in length
48
Index -
Second toe is longest
49
Function of MTP
Allow foot to hinge at toes so heel may rise off ground
50
Function of sesamoid bones
Serve as anatomical pulley for FHB Protect tendon of FHL Absorbs WB force
51
Function of plantar plates
Protect the WB surface of the metatarsal heads Contribute to stability of MTP joints Withstands compressive loads
52
Bones that make up lateral longitudinal arch
Calacaneus Cuboid Metatarsals
53
Bones that make up medial longitudinal arch
``` Calcaneus Talus Navicular Medial cuneiform Metatarsal ```
54
Bones that make up transverse arch
Cuboid and cuneiform | Metatarsal heads
55
Ligaments that support medial arch
Spring, Interosseous talocalcaneus, and deltoid
56
Ligaments that support lateral arch
Long and short plantar ligaments
57
Muscles that pass posterior to talocrural joint
``` Gastroc Soleus Tibialis posterior FDL FHL ```
58
Muscles that pass anterior to talocrural joint
Anterior tibialis EHL EDL Perones tertius
59
Function of intrinsic muscles of foot
Stabilizer of toes (resist MTP extension) | Dynamic supporters of transverse and longitudinal arch

Movement Science 2 (3 decks)

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