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Movement Science 2 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the patella

A

Act as an anatomical pulley for the quad

Decrease friction between quad tendon and femoral condyles

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2
Q

Pattern of patella contact

A

20 degrees - inferior pole
90 degrees - superior and medial/lateral border (except odd facet)
Greater than 90 - odd facet starts to come into contact
135 degrees -only at medial and lateral border

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3
Q

Joint reaction forces of patella

A

Joint angle

Quad force

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4
Q

Normal value for Q angle

A

10-15 degrees

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5
Q

Ways to increase Q angle

A

Femoral anteversion
Pronation of foot
Increased valgus

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6
Q

Ways to increase lateral tracking of patella

A 
VMO weak 
Tight ITB
Increased valgus 
Femoral anteversion 
Lateral tibial torsion 
Pronation of foot
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7
Q

Functions of ankle

A

Stable base of support (support weight in a variety of postures with little muscular and energy requirements)
Acts as a rigid level for push off

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8
Q

Function segments of ankle (and what is part of each of them)

A

Hindfoot (calcaneus and talus)
Midfoot (navicular, cuboid, and cuneiforms)
Forefoot (metatarsals and phalanges)

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9
Q

Movements in supination

A

Plantar flexion, add, inversion

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10
Q

Movements in pronation

A

Dorsiflexion, abduction, eversion

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11
Q

Ligaments of superior tibiofibular joint

A

Anterior tibiofibular

Posterior tibiofibular

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12
Q

Ligaments of inferior tibiofibular joint

A

Anterior tibiofibular
Posterior tibiofibular
Interosseous membrane
Crural tibiofibular interosseous ligament

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13
Q

Joint injured when say high ankle sprain

A

Inferior tibiofibular because the tibia and fibula separate more than normal

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14
Q

Support (ligaments) of talocrural joint

A

Ligaments of inferior tibiofibular
MCL - deltoid
LCL - anterior and posterior talofibular; calcaneofibular
Extensor and peroneal retinacula

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15
Q

Anterior talofibular stressed with what movements

A

PF, inv, medial rotation

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16
Q

Calcaneofibular stressed with what movements

A

DF and inverted

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17
Q

Posterior talofibular stressed with what movements

A

DF, inv, lateral rotation

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18
Q

Axis for talocrural joint (and angles)

A

M/L axis
14 degrees inferiorly
23 degrees posteriorly

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19
Q

Primary movement at talocrural joint

A

PF/DF

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20
Q

Arthrokinematics of talocrural in NWB

A

Convex on concave

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21
Q

Arthrokinematics of talocrural in WB

A

Concave on convex

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22
Q

Structures that limit DF

A

Soft tissue, soleus, posterior joint capsule

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23
Q

Structures that limit PF

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus

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24
Q

Structures that protect medial aspect of ankle

A

MCL
Tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus

25
Q

Structures that protect lateral aspect of ankle

A

LCL
Peroneus longus
Peroneus brevis

26
Q

Articulations of subtalar joint

A

Posterior talocalcaneal

Anterior & Medial talocalcaneal

27
Q

Lateral support of subtalar joint

A

Calcaneofibular ligament
Lateral talocalcaneal ligament
Cervial ligament (strongest)
Interosseous talocalcaneal

28
Q

Medial support of subtalar joint

A

Deltoid ligament

29
Q

Subtalar axis (and angles)

A

Starts pure A/P
Inclined upward 42 degrees
Inclined medially 16 degrees

30
Q

Primary motions at subtalar joint (ratio?)

A

Equal amount of abd/add and inv/ev (4:4:1)

31
Q

Arthrokinematics of subtalar joint in NWB

A

Posterior talocalcaneal - convex on concave

Anterior/Middle talocalcaneal - concave on convex

32
Q

Subtalar neutral

A

Point at which calcaneus is inverted 2x as much as it everts

33
Q

Motions of calcaneus during gait

A

3 degrees of inv at heel strike, then everts 2 degrees in stance, then goes back to inversion

34
Q

Transverse tarsal joint

A

Talonavicular

Calcaneocuboid

35
Q

Ligaments of talonavicular joint

A

Spring ligament - inferiorly
Deltoid ligament - medially
Bifurcate ligament - laterally
Dorsal talonavicular

36
Q

Ligaments of calcaneocuboid joint

A

Dorsal calcaneocuboid
Lateral branch of bifurcate ligament
Short plantar
Long plantar ligament

37
Q

Longitudinal axis of midtarsal joint

A

Almost pure A/P
Inclined up 15 degrees
Angled medially 9 degrees

38
Q

Oblique axis of midtarsal joint

A

Starts A/P
Angled medially 57 degrees
Angled superiorly 52 degrees

39
Q

Motions that occur at midtarsal joint

A

Inversion/Eversion - longitudinal

PF/DF and abd/add - oblique

40
Q

Functions of midtarsal joint

A

Add to pronation/supination of hindfoot

Help compensate for hindfoot position

41
Q

1st TMT articulation

A

1st metatarsal with medial cuneiform

42
Q

2nd TMT articulation

A

2nd metatarsal with articulation middle cuneiform and sides of medial/lateral cuneiform

43
Q

3rd TMT articulation

A

3rd metatarsal with lateral cuneiform

44
Q

4th and 5th TMT articulation

A

4th and 5th metatarsal with cuboid

45
Q

Functions of TMT joints

A

Form arches
Regulate position of MT and phalanges in relation to WB
Help compensate if midfoot cannot do so

46
Q

Index +

A

First toe longest

47
Q

Index + -

A

First and second toes are equal in length

48
Q

Index -

A

Second toe is longest

49
Q

Function of MTP

A

Allow foot to hinge at toes so heel may rise off ground

50
Q

Function of sesamoid bones

A

Serve as anatomical pulley for FHB
Protect tendon of FHL
Absorbs WB force

51
Q

Function of plantar plates

A

Protect the WB surface of the metatarsal heads
Contribute to stability of MTP joints
Withstands compressive loads

52
Q

Bones that make up lateral longitudinal arch

A

Calacaneus
Cuboid
Metatarsals

53
Q

Bones that make up medial longitudinal arch

A 
Calcaneus 
Talus
Navicular 
Medial cuneiform 
Metatarsal
54
Q

Bones that make up transverse arch

A

Cuboid and cuneiform

Metatarsal heads

55
Q

Ligaments that support medial arch

A

Spring, Interosseous talocalcaneus, and deltoid

56
Q

Ligaments that support lateral arch

A

Long and short plantar ligaments

57
Q

Muscles that pass posterior to talocrural joint

A 
Gastroc
Soleus
Tibialis posterior 
FDL
FHL
58
Q

Muscles that pass anterior to talocrural joint

A

Anterior tibialis
EHL
EDL
Perones tertius

59
Q

Function of intrinsic muscles of foot

A

Stabilizer of toes (resist MTP extension)

Dynamic supporters of transverse and longitudinal arch

Movement Science 2 (3 decks)

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