Exam 2

Question 0

Normal distribution/normal curve

Answer 0

Bell curve, theoretical distribution of scores

Question 1

Descriptive statistics

Answer 1

Essential info about variables and date is it

Question 2

Skewed curve is

Answer 2

Characterized by the data being bunch to one side or another

Question 3

Measures of central tendency

Answer 3

Mean median mode

Question 4

What is the mean

Answer 4

Most common means of central tendency, most sensitive to high or low scores, depends on all scores, Average

Question 5

Standard deviation

Answer 5

Representation of variability in data set also interval/ratio data

Question 6

hypothesis testing is

Answer 6

Decision-making

Question 7

Significance level

Answer 7

The level of error the researcher is willing to make that for each test

Question 8

Characteristics of significance level/

Answer 8

Same as probability level is P or alpha level that before competing test

Question 9

How to find standard deviation

Answer 9

Find mean, subtract mean from all data numbers, then square that answer, then add them up, then divide by n, then find the square root

Question 10

Four sections of the quantitative research report are

Answer 10

Literature review methods results discussion

Question 11

The literature review should include

Answer 11

A review or summary of the research completed prior to the study, literature that supports and contradicts the researchers position, The hypothesis in research questions often presented at the end of the section, analysis and critique of research completed prior to the study

Question 12

After reading the methods section of a quantitative research report, you should know

Answer 12

What the researcher did to collect the data

Question 13

The reporting accuracy of numerical information is most critical in which section?

Answer 13

Results

Question 14

The discussion section is characterized by

Answer 14

The researchers interpretation of the results

Question 15

What is stratified random sample

Answer 15

Random sampling within also groups based on homogeneous heterogeneous characteristic

Question 16

What is cluster sampling?

Answer 16

Clusters of people within target population natural subgroups Are randomly with sample

Question 17

What is simple random sample?

Answer 17

Simplest and quickest pull names from a hat

Question 18

What is systematic sampling?

Answer 18

Selecting every “n” person

Question 19

What are the types of probability sampling?

Answer 19

Simple random, systematic, stratified random, cluster

Question 20

What is network sampling?

Answer 20

Reasearch solicits those who fit profile for participation

Question 21

Purposive sampling?

Answer 21

Used to select those who are typical of the population of interest

Question 22

What is quota sampling?

Answer 22

Target numbers use for finding people that meet regulation

Question 23

What is inclusion exclude sampling

Answer 23

Include ppl that meet certain criteria exclude those that don’t

Question 24

Snowball sampling?

Answer 24

Participants help researchers by referring others who meet sampling requirement

Question 25

Convenience sample?

Answer 25

People can be easily reach very biased

Question 26

Volunteers sapling?

Answer 26

Like individuals that show interest in the study

Question 27

What are the seven nonprobability sampling?

Answer 27

Convenience, volunteer, inclusive and exclusivity snowball network purposive and

Question 28

Longitudinal design

Answer 28

Multiple measurements of DV, length of time b/we measurements is relative to topic of study, creater length of time b/w means more likely that other factors influence DV, training can be evaluated for it's effectiveness

Question 29

Experimental research

Answer 29

Most often occurs in the lab, controlled by researcher , produces data examined by stats test, seeks to determine causation, probability sampling and random assignment

Question 30

Research protocol

Answer 30

Details each procedural step of research design

Question 31

Researchers can influence results of experimental design by

Answer 31

Personality; characteristics can influence how participants respond and unknowingly encouraging answers that support their predictions

Question 32

Descriptive designs

Answer 32

Less specific to temporal order in which variables are observed & measured . Researchers does not control IV

Question 33

Factorial design

Answer 33

2 or more IV can be tested, effect of IV can be examined, interaction effect of each combo of IVs can be examined

Question 34

Pretest - post test experimental design

Answer 34

Participants are randomly assigned to treatment and control groups & researcher measures DV 2x before and after exposure to stimulus

Question 35

A manipulation check is used to determined.,.

Answer 35

If the IV was manipulated as the researcher intended

Question 36

Treatment groups

Answer 36

Based on theory and reflected in research hypothesis & compared to control groups

Question 37

Experimental vs quasi- experimental

Answer 37

Researcher controls manipulation of IV in experimental but NOT quasi

Question 38

Inferential statistics are used to?

Answer 38

Draw conclusions about a population by examining the data from a sample

Question 39

The four analytical steps include all but:

Answer 39

Determine if respondents answered the questions as the researcher expected

Question 40

The chi-square

Answer 40

Compares the observed frequency with the expected frequency

Question 41

A contingency analysis is also called

Answer 41

2 way chi square, 2D chi square, contingency table

Question 42

The t test is

Answer 42

Restricted to one independent variable, restricted to one dependent variable, restricted to two grouping or categories of the independent variable and can test independent it dependent groups

Question 43

A paired comparison t test

Answer 43

Compares two matched scores on the independent variable

Question 44

A one tailed t test tests for

Answer 44

A significant difference in a specified direction

Question 45

When a researcher uses an ANOVA. You can assume

Answer 45

The independent variable is nominal level data and the dependent variable is continuous level data

Question 46

ANOVA stands for

Answer 46

Analysis of variance

Question 47

To test for the interaction effect the statistic must be

Answer 47

Two way ANOVA

Question 48

A correlation is the statistical test for

Answer 48

Testing the linear relationship between two continuous level variables

Question 49

R squared is used to determine

Answer 49

The amount of variance two variables have in common

Question 50

A correlation coefficient must be interpreted both for it's

Answer 50

Strength and direction

Question 51

A correlation matrix displays

Answer 51

Displays how every variable is correlate with every other variable