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Mass Communications > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Content analysis is

A

– A way of measuring media content that is quantitative – Based on verifiable, replicable numbers
• Example: percentage of people who are male and female in a particular occupation on TV

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1
Q

Minimal-Effects Model is a

A

Model that predicts that media will have little influence on behavior.

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2
Q

Mixed-Effects Model is a

A

Model that predicts that media can have a combination of influences.

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3
Q

Multistep Flow is

A

A complex interaction of media effects.

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4
Q

Powerful-Effects Model is a

A

Model that predicts that media will have swift and potent influence.

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5
Q

Opinion Leaders

A

Are well-informed people who help others interpret media messages.
Also is trusted, such as Religious leaders, parents, friends.

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7
Q

Two-Step Flow

A

Communication process in which media effects travel through opinion leaders. From opinion leaders it goes to less active people in communication.

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8
Q

Acquisition Editor is

A

An editor who obtains books to be published.

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9
Q

Blockbuster is

A

• Publishers’ fascination and obsession with finding a potential blockbuster freezes out new, unknown talent. • Puts pressure on the publishing industry that results in questionable practices.
EX. crooks, Hoaxes(non fiction works that are untrue) and plagiarism

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10
Q

Chapbook is

A

Inexpensive early form of paperback containing mostly stories to be read for pleasure.

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11
Q

Codex is

A

A book written on parchment pages that were cut to one size and bound on one side. Developed by the Romans in the first century AD, the codex was the first book to resemble today’s familiar form.

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12
Q

Copy Editor is

A

An editor who polishes a manuscript line by line and prepares it for typesetting.

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13
Q

Development editor is

A

An editor who works directly with the author during the writing of a book, going over each chapter and suggesting major revisions.

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14
Q

Dime Novels are

A

Early paperback books that were inexpensive fiction that made novels more accessible to a more diverse audience. – They were CHEAP because they were often “pirated” from foreign publishers
– 1891: Copyright Act

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15
Q

E-Books are

A 
books that exist as digital files
Advantages 
-Convenience
-Cost
Disadvantages
– Electronic readers are pricey  – Majority of readers prefer paper hard copies
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16
Q

Oral Culture is

A

A culture in which information is transmitted more by speech than by writing.
Implications for society, religion, elites and power dynamics in general

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17
Q

Papyrus is

A

A type of reed used to make an early form of paper.

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18
Q

Parchment is

A

An early form of paper made from animal skins.

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19
Q

Public Domain is

A

The category of creative works on which the copyright has expired.

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20
Q

Pulp Novels are

A

Paperback books printed on cheap paper made from wood pulp.

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20
Q

Royalties are

A

The share of a work’s revenues paid to the owner of a right, such as an author, composer, or performer.

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21
Q

Rag Content is

A

Proportion of cotton on linen fiber in high quality paper.

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22
Q

Byline is

A

A line at the beginning of a news story giving the reporter’s or news service’s name.

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23
Q

Technological Determinism is

A

– Theory that technology actually changes the way society operates and even how individuals think.
• Huge claim of the media’s impact

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24
Q

Feature Syndicate are

A

Brokers for newspaper entertainment and speciality items.

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25
Q

Chain is

A

One company that owns the same type of company in more than one market area.
First was Edward Wyllis Scripps

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26
Q

Hard news are

A

Stories about current events that have impact on people’s lives.

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27
Q

Federalist papers are

A

Essays that explained the new federal government to early Americans; published in 1788. To inform people of the nation’s progress.

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29
Q

Inverted Pyramid is

A

News style that packs the most important information into the first paragraph.

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30
Q

Investigative Journalism is

A

Reporting that uncovers information that sources have tried to conceal.

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31
Q

Mercantile press is

A

Newspaper that provided news of business and shipping.

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32
Q

News Hole is

A

Total amount of space in a newspaper that can be devoted to editorial content versus advertising.

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33
Q

Newsprint is

A

Inexpensive paper used for newspaper.

34
Q

Objectivity is

A

Writing style that separates fact from opinion; description according to the characteristics of the thing being described rather than the feelings of the one describing it.

35
Q

Partisan press is

A

Newspaper owned or supported by political parties.

36
Q

Penny Press is

A

Inexpensive, advertiser-supported newspaper that appeared in the 1830s.

37
Q

Publisher is

A

In print industries, the person who runs an individual company and acts as its chief representatives.

38
Q

Sensationalism is

A

Use of exaggeration to produce a startling effect.

39
Q

Tabloids are

A

Newspapers characterized by a smaller size than a standard newspaper, a single fold, and abundant photographs.

40
Q

Yellow Journalism is

A

A style of reporting characterized by unprecedented sensationalism; it reached its peak in the Hearst-Pulitzer circulation wars of the 1890s.

40
Q

Blow-In Cards are

A

Postcard-sized business reply cards, usually containing subscription solicitations, that are inserted into magazines during the production process.

41
Q

Adjacency is

A

The opportunity for an advertisers to place an ad near a particular article, at an extra cost.

43
Q

Circulation Department is

A

The division of a magazine company charged with finding and keeping subscribers, managing the subscribers list, and promoting single-copy sales.

43
Q

Contributing Editor is a

A

Title given to a magazine’a highest paid freelance writers, who sometimes polish others’ work.

44
Q

Complimentary copy is

A

Editorial material designed to be paired with nearby advertising.

46
Q

CPM is

A

Cost per Thousand; Guideline for the price of each exposure of a customer to an ad.

47
Q

Mission statement is

A

A brief explanation of how the magazine will be unique and what will make it successful.

47
Q

Pulps are

A

Magazines produced on cheap paper with low cultural reach, such as True Romance and True Confessions.

48
Q

Muckraking is

A

Investigating journalism conducted with the goal of bringing about social reform.

50
Q

Regional editions are

A

Slightly different versions of the same magazines produced for different geographic areas.

51
Q

Special Interest Magazines are

A

Magazines aimed at specific readers with specific concerns with specific concerns and tastes.

51
Q

Webzines are

A

Magazines that appear only on the Internet, such as Slate and Salon; also called e-zines.

52
Q

Subscription Fulfillment Companies are

A

Businesses that specialize in soliciting magazine subscriptions.

53
Q

Zines are

A

Low-cost self-published magazines put out by fans on a variety of topics

54
Q

Centrist Bias is

A

Failure of the news media to report on radical points of view.

56
Q

Conservative Bias is

A

A point of view that is generally purported to be pro-big business, anti-big government, proreligion, and anti-Democrat.

57
Q

Creeping Bias is

A

A subtle form of slanting that manifests itself in understated ways.

58
Q

Liberal bias is

A

Point of view that is generally purported to be anti-big business, pro-big government, antireligion, and anti-Republican.

58
Q

Newsreels are

A

Short films covering current events that were shown in theaters before the advent of television.

59
Q

News is

A

The presentation of information that is timely, important, and interesting to its audience.

61
Q

News Values are

A

Characteristics that define news, including timeliness, importance, and interest.

62
Q

Peg is

A

An angle, or perspective, that makes information interesting to the audience.

62
Q

Stringers are

A

Independent journalists who are paid only for material used.

63
Q

Pseudo-Events are

A

Happenings that would not have occurred if media were not there to record them.

64
Q

The Why We Fight films encouraged servicemen to positively change their attitudes and further dedicate themselves to World War I.

A

False

65
Q

The Payne Fund Studies used which of the following research methodologies in its research studies?

A

Content Analysis, experiments and surveys.

66
Q

One of the advantages of a textual analysis is its ability to demonstrate the possible effects a text or piece of media can have.

A

False

67
Q

Which of the following are factors that change the extent to which one variable (X) affects another variable (Y)?

A

Moderating variable

68
Q

One of the results of the People’s Choice Study showed that, for most individuals, the media simply reinforced their point-of-view as to who they intended to vote for in the 1940 presidential election.

A

True

69
Q

The first book that resembled today’s form of books (cut and bound on one side) was called a what?

A

a codex

70
Q

An inexpensive, early form of paperback book was called what?

A

Chapbook

71
Q

Johannes Gutenberg’s Bible-printing business was a great financial success.

A

False

72
Q

Postal rates on books have always been lower than rates for general mail.

A

False

73
Q

The copyright of books in the public domain are expired.

A

True

74
Q

The person who works with the author, going over chapters and suggesting changes, is who?

A

Developmental editor

75
Q

Which of the following is a concern of blockbuster syndrome?

A

A. Publishers do not check the facts of non-fiction works, which can lead to hoaxes where supposedly true stories are actually untrue.

B. Publishers do not check to determine if the content of new books had been published previously by other authors and publishers.

C. Publishers have little money left over after publishing a blockbuster to publish books from new authors.

D. Publishers turn to convicted criminals to tell the story of their crime, which can lead to the author profiting financially thanks to their criminal wrongdoings.

76
Q

The best known and longest-running women’s magazine in history is what?

A

The Ladies’ Home Journal

77
Q

Offering an advertiser the opportunity to place an advertisement near a particular article, for an extra cost, is called what?

A

An adjacency

78
Q

The first magazine to win a general interest, mass audience was The Saturday Evening Post.

A

True

79
Q

Investigative reporters in the early 1900s were known as what?

A

Muckrakers

80
Q

Which of the following was one of the reasons for the Golden Age of Magazines?

A

Cheaper postal rates

81
Q

In the first magazine with color illustrations, the pictures were painted by hand.

A

True

Mass Communications (3 decks)

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