Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Forensics > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is bone made of

A

25% water
25% collagen fibers
50% crystallized mineral salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Bone-building cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Osteocytes

A

Mature bone cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Release enzymes that break down bone (resorption)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bone may be categorized as

A

compact
spongy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Osteopenia

A

Low bone mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Osteoporosis

A

porous bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens in osteoporosis

A

Fractures occur easily
More common in women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Treatment of osteoporosis

A

Antiresorptives
Bisphosphonates (fosomax, actonel, and boniva)
Estrogen replacement therapy (premarin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What stimulates osteoblastic activity

A

Estrogen in women
Testosterone in men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Rickets

A

inadequate calcification of bone. Deficiency of Vitamin D. In children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Osteomalacia

A

Adult rickets
Vit d deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

degeneration of articular cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Osteogenic sarcoma

A

Bone cancer
usually in teens, occurs when teen grows rapidly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Infection of bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vitamin A

A

Stimulates osteoblast activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Vit C

A

needed for synthesis of collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Vit D

A

helps build bone by increasing the absorption of calcium from foods in the gastrointestinal tract into the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How many bones in human skeleton

A

The human skeleton consists of 206 named bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Fissure

A

Narrow slit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Foramen (foramina)

A

opening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Tuberosity

A

large prominence on a bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Consists of the bones that lie around the longitudinal axis of the human body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Consists of the bones of the upper and lower limbs, plus the bones that connect the limbs to the axial skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Axial skeleton pic 1
frontal bone
26
Axial skeleton pic 2
Zygomatic bone
27
Axial skeleton pic 3
Mandible
28
Axial skeleton pic 4
Nasal bone
29
Axial skeleton pic 5
Maxilla
30
Temporal bones
External auditory meatus (ear canal) is found in the temporal bone
31
Sphenoid bone
the keystone
32
Occipital bone
In the back of the skull
33
Nasal bones
Where glasses sit
34
Maxillae
Upper jaw
35
Deficiency in folic acid causes what
Cleft lip and palate
36
Zygomatic bones
cheek bones
37
Mandible
The only movable skull bone The lower jaw
38
Temporomandibular joint
Temporal bone/mandible Bruxism, trauma
39
Fontanels
Soft spot found in infant skull Important, so as the brain grows, the skull expands
40
Hyoid bone
In the neck Rarely fractures Strangulation will cause fracture of the hyoid bone
41
Vertebral column
Also called the spine, backbone, or spinal column
42
Sternum
Breastbone Consists of the manubrium, body, xiphoid process
43
How many ribs
12 pairs
44
Scoliosis
Scoliosis can make the spine look more like the letters "C" or "S"
45
Kyphosis
Looks like a hunchback
46
Lordosis
Booty out
47
Teeth from front to back
Incisor Cuspid First Bicuspid Second bicuspid First molar Second molar Third molar (wisdom teeth)
48
How many teeth in adults and children
32 in adults including wisdom 20 in children
49
Amalgam filling
Silver
50
Composite filling
Tooth colored
51
Cuspid teeth
Canine
52
Bicuspid teeth
premolars
53
Cartoon mouth pic 1
Canine
54
Cartoon mouth pic 2
molars
55
cartoon mouth pic 3
premolars
56
cartoon mouth pic 4
incisors
57
real mouth pic 1
central incisor
58
real mouth pic 2
Lateral incisor
59
real mouth pic 3
Canine
60
real mouth pic 4
First premolar
61
real mouth pic 5
2nd premolar
62
real mouth pic 6
first molar
63
real mouth pic 7
second molar
64
real mouth pic 8
third molar (wisdom tooth)
65
Blood volume in males and females
5-6 and 4-5
66
Temperature of blood
38 Celsius 100.4 fahrenheit
67
Blood plasma
Liquid
68
Blood is what % water
91.5
69
Formed elements of blood
RBCs WBCs Platelets
70
Type AB blood
AB antigens Universal recipient
71
Type O blood
Neither antigen Universal donor
72
erythrocytes
RBCs Carries oxygen to body's cells Biconcave disc Strong, flexible plasma membrane Lacks nucleus
73
Leukocytes
WBCs Fights disease and foreign invaders
74
Platelets
Aids in blood clotting
75
Centrifuged blood
RBCs on bottom (45%) Buffy coat composed of WBCs and plts Plasma on top (55%)
76
Hematocrit
the percentage of total blood volume occupied by red blood cells
77
Satellite droplets
When blood falls from a height, or at a high velocity, it overcomes its natural cohesiveness, and separates from the main droplet
78
Spiking patterns
Form around the droplet edges when blood falls onto a less-than-smooth surface
79
Lines of convergence
two or more blood splatters can pinpoint the location of the blood source
80
Luminol
Used by CSI to locate traces of blood even after being cleaned or removed Sprayed throughout the area to look for reactions causing a blue luminescence
81
LCV
Leuco crystal violet A chemical process used for blood enhancement Using this test helps make blood evidence more visible so it can be photographed and analyzed
82
Male and female chromosomes
XY and XX
83
How many chromosomes in human body cells
46
84
What is DNA made of
Two long chains (strands) arranged in a double helix
85
James Watson and Francis Crick
1953 Founded that the DNA is a double helix
86
Rosalind Franklin
Used x-ray diffraction
87
DNA in dividing vs nondividing cells
Tightly coiled (chromosomes) in dividing cells (Condensed) Loosely coiled (chromatin) in nondividing cells (Diffuse)
88
Nitrogenous bases DNA
Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) Guanine (G)
89
Pentose sugar
in DNA is deoxyribose
90
What is DNA made of
Nitrogenous bases Pentose sugar Phosphate group
91
DNA in bases pairs
Adenine (A) matches with Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) matches with Guanine (G)
92
big to small from gene to cell
Gene is part of DNA DNA is part of chromosome chromosome is part of nucleus nucleus is part of cell
93
DNA controls production of
proteins
94
what are proteins
chains of amino acids bonded together
95
What body cells are dna found in
nucleus of: WBCs, cheek (buccal) cells, semen, saliva, urine, hair follicle, teeth, bone tissue Most abundant in buccal cells DNA from blood comes from WBCs RBCs have no nuclei so no DNA
96
Who draws blood
phlebotomist
97
DNA profiling, fingerprinting, and typing
All the same thing Refers to the process of identifying an individual based on their unique DNA characteristics
98
Who invented DNA fingerprinting
Alec Jeffreys at the University of Leicester in 1985
99
When was Alec Jeffreys knighted
1994
100
Gel electrophoresis
A technique used to separate DNA fragments An electrical current is moved through a gel substance, causing molecules to sort by size. The smaller, lighter molecules will move the farthest on the gel. After developing, the fragments can be visualized for characterization

Forensics (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions