Exam 2

Question 1

What is mania?

Answer 1

High or euphoric mood that is clearly excessive and if often accompanied by inappropriate and potentially dangerous behavior, irritability, pressure or rapid speech and a false sense of well-being

Question 2

What is hypomania “mild mania”?

Answer 2

distinct increase in mood but not as elevated as a manic episode. Overly talkative, excitable or irritable. No impulsive acts or gross lapses of judgment

Question 3

What is cyclothymic disorder?

Answer 3

Alternate between hypomanic and depressive symptoms. Episodes are not as sever as mania or major depression but more chronic. Symptoms must last for at least 2 ears

Question 4

What is bipolar 1?

Answer 4

full blown mania alternates with major depressive episodes can also include a single manic episode without periods of depression

Question 5

What is bipolar II?

Answer 5

Hypomania alternates with episodes of major

Question 6

What is Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Answer 6

Persistent sad or low mood that is severe enough to impair a person’s interest in or ability to engage in normally enjoyable activities

Question 7

How does MDD look in children?

Answer 7

Can look like irritability or hostility

Question 8

What are some affects of MDD?

Answer 8

Changes in sleep, appetite and sexual drive. Feelings of worthlessness or guilt, increased risk of self-harm an suicide

Question 9

What is the difference between MDD and Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD)?

Answer 9

In PGD death took place 1+ years ago and persistent grief response and symptoms are present nearly every day for the last month

Question 10

What is Dysthymia (Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD))?

Answer 10

Chronic state of depression with the same symptoms as MDD but less severe and more chronic

Question 11

What is the difference between MDD and PDD?

Answer 11

MDD is episodic with period of euthymia (normal mood) while PDD is not

Question 12

What is double depression?

Answer 12

When people with PDD have major depressive episodes, associated with poorer long-term outcomes and higher relapse risk

Question 13

What is the most common psychiatric disorder in the US?

Answer 13

MDD

Question 14

What the difference of MDD between men and women?

Answer 14

It affects twice as many women as men

Question 15

What is the heredity of MDD?

Answer 15

first degree relatives of people with depression are 2-3 times more likely to experience depression

Question 16

What is Beck’s triad?

Answer 16

Negative views about self
Negative views about World
Negative views about the future

Question 17

What is dichotomous thinking?

Answer 17

all or nothing thinking

Question 18

What is IPSRT for Bipolar disorder?

Answer 18

promotes adherence to daily routines. Coached to get out/in bed at same times everyday

Question 19

What do tricyclic antidepressants for depression do?

Answer 19

Prevent reuptake of neurotransmitters (norepinephrine and serotonin) and neurotransmitters stay in synapse longer, increasing their availability for activation of next neuron

Question 20

What is anxiety?

Answer 20

characterized by physical symptoms and/or thoughts or worries that something bad will happen. Physical, cognitive and behavioral

Question 21

What is autonomous nervous system?

Answer 21

Sympathetic nervous system & parasympathetic nervous system

Question 22

What is the difference between fear and anxiety?

Answer 22

Fear is motivated by specific stimuli while origins of anxiety are unknown/unclear

Question 23

What is GAD?

Answer 23

excessive worry lasting more days than not and at least 6 months. Worries about external dangers

Question 24

What are some effects of GAD?

Answer 24

muscle tension, restlessness, sleep distrubance, difficulty concentrating

Question 25

What are panic attacks?

Answer 25

Discrete period of intense fear physical arousal. Can be expected or unexpected

Question 26

What is social anxiety disorder?

Answer 26

marked fear of social situations that may involve scrutiny by others

Question 27

What is a specific phobia?

Answer 27

marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation that leads to significant disruption in daily functioning

Question 28

What is vasovagal syncope (with blood injection injury phobia)

Answer 28

Slow heart rate and blood pressure that can lead to fainting

Question 29

What is PTSD?

Answer 29

persistent avoidance of stimuli involved in traumatic event. Has negative alterations in cognitions and alterations in arousal and reactivity

Question 30

What is amygdala?

Answer 30

related with experiencing stress

Question 31

What is anxiety-sensitive model of fear acquistion

Answer 31

general fear of physiological symptoms and belief that those bodily symptoms have negative consequences

Question 32

What are cognitive theories of fear?

Answer 32

anxiety disorders develop because people misinterpret ambiguous situations as dangerous, leading to physiological and cognitive distress

Question 33

What is in vivo exposure?

Answer 33

real life experiences with feared stimuli/situation

Question 34

What are automatic thought?

Answer 34

“I’m a failure” “I have no willpower” They tend to be extreme and counterproductive and produce negative feelings

Question 35

How do you differentiate between normal anxiety and anxiety disorder?

Answer 35

first look at functional impairment, then developmental age and then sociodemographic and SES factors