Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

victimology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Telling Amy’s Story Documentary

A

Husband (Vincent) shot wife
- he was an alcoholic, abusive, and previous military man
- Pennsylvania (a lot of domestic violence cases)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Serial murder consists of which of the following components?

A

Three or more separate events in three or more separate locations with an emotional cooling-off period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

If three family members are killed and the perpetrator takes his own life, it is classified as a mass murder-suicide. (true or false)

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Research has shown that the most typical disposition for rape or sexual assault cases accepted for prosecution is

A

A plea agreement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Studies suggest acquaintance rape victims are less likely to label their assaults as rapes than women assaulted by strangers. (true or false)

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Intimate partner violence accounted for ____ of violent crimes against women and ___ of violent crimes against men between 2001 and 2005.

A

22% and 4%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What was the result of the Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment?

A

Mandatory arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which of the following statements are true?
- Most rapes are committed by family members.
- Most rapes are committed by strangers.
- Rape is not a common occurrence in the United States.
- Most rapes are committed by acquaintances.

A

Most rapes are committed by acquaintances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Rape myths include all of the following EXCEPT:
- False accusations
- Victim’s sexual history
- Victim Resistance
- All of the above are considered rape myths

A

All of the above are considered rape myths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Janette and her boyfriend, Mark, have been dating for several months. Mark has been described as having an “anger problem” and sometimes he is seen mocking Janette. Last night, Mark hit Janette and gave her a black eye. What is the next stage of the Cycle of Violence that we will expect in this relationship?

A

Honeymoon Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

An abuser who smokes marijuana and uses meth is less likely to commit intimate partner violence (true or false)

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define Intimate Partner Violence

A

Any behavior within an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological, or sexual harm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cycle of Violence

A

Tension Building Phase –> Explosion Phase –> Honeymoon Phase –>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tension Building Phase

A

Threats, verbal abuse, and intimidation occur
- tension increases, victim is fearful and calms the abuser

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Explosion Phase

A

An acute battering incident such as emotional, sexual, or physical abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Honeymoon Phase

A

Abuser apologizes and promises that the behavior will never occur again
- abuser may blame victim for violence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Battered Woman Syndrome

A

The cycle of violence (building tension, battering, loving wearing down)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

IPV in LGBT Relationships

A

Social factors and isolation may make disclosure and help-seeking more difficult
- Legal barriers may exist
- Police may be less likely to intervene and charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

IPV occurs in __% to __% of male same-sex couples, higher in lesbian couples

A

21% to 50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Child Witnesses of IPV

A

Significant overlap exists between IPV and and child abuse
- Child may show signs of depression, anxiety, social withdrawal, hyperactivity, aggression, low self-esteem, lower school performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Batterer Typologies

A

Family only
Dysphoric-Borderline
Generally Violent Antisocial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Family only

A

A batterer who has the least marital violence, is typically not violent outside the home, shows more remorse, and has the lowest levels of psychological and sexual abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Dysphoric-Borderline

A

A batterer who exhibits moderate-severe wife abuse but not much violence outside the home, and has the most psychological distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Generally Violent Antisocial

A

A batterer who has the highest levels of violence, has moderate to severe levels of marital violence, is most likely to have antisocial personality / substance abuse issues, has the highest levels of family of origin violence, and associates with deviant peers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Intervention Programs in IPV

A
  1. Programs for child witnesses of violence
    • Aimed at preventing future harm
  2. Programs for victims of violence
    • Aimed at providing emergency assistance and
      increasing available choices
  3. Programs for batterers
    • Aimed at stopping violent behavior
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the purposes of Interventions for Victims of IPV?

A

Ensuring Safety (shelters, hotlines, relocation services)
Ongoing Treatment & Assistance (reducing isolation, recognizing violence, enhancing self-esteem)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Interventions for Child Witnesses

A

Crisis Intervention
Ongoing Group or Individual Treatment
Parent / Child Groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Crisis Intervention

A

Enhance safety, normalize feelings, develop a plan for
when children feel that either they or their parent are at
risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Ongoing Group or Individual Treatment

A

Geared toward the child’s developmental stage

30
Q

Parent / Child Groups

A

Enhances bonding and positive parenting

31
Q

Interventions for Offenders

A

Anger management
Cognitive-behavioral approaches
Psycho-educational approaches

32
Q

Define Rape

A

penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or
anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim

33
Q

Define Sexual Violence

A

a sexual act committed against someone without that person’s freely given consent

34
Q

Rape Statistics

A
  • Every 68 seconds another American is sexually assaulted
  • About 3% of American men—or 1 in 33—have experienced an attempted or completed rape in their lifetime
  • 9 out of every 10 victims of rape are female
35
Q

Rape Myths

A

Prejudicial, stereotyped, or false beliefs about rape,
rape victims and rapists
- false accusations, only certain women are raped, sexual history of victim

36
Q

Who are most rapes committed by?

A

acquaintances

37
Q

Types of Sexual Assault

A
  • Incest
  • Statutory rape
  • Marital Rape
  • Acquaintance rape
  • Sexual Homicide
38
Q

Classifying Rapists (Early Research)

A

about power, anger, and sexuality
- rape serves primarily nonsexual needs
- not all offenders are alike

39
Q

Exploitative Rape

A

Power-reassurance rape
- Aggression is generally low, does not exceed beyond victim compliance
- Rape experience for offender is one of anxiety, excitement, and anticipated pleasure
- Offenses become repetitive
- Aggression is expressed as domination

40
Q

Anger Rape

A

Excessive and unprovoked physical and verbal aggression even with victim “compliance”
- Rage is evident
- Primary motive is not sexual arousal
- Resistance will increase aggression
- Blind with rage (memory loss after)
- Relationships with important women in his life
are fraught with conflict, irritation, and jealousy

41
Q

Sadistic Rape

A

Aggression itself is eroticized (sexual)
- Assault appears ritualized (usually involves bondage and torture)
- Finds pleasure in the victim’s suffering
- Assault is deliberate; victim is stalked, captured,
abused
- Intercourse may occur postmortem

42
Q

Blitz Rape

A

Out of the blue
- no prior interaction between victim and offender

43
Q

Confidence Rape

A

Interaction prior to assault
- offender obtains sex under false pretenses by using deceit, betrayal, and often violence

44
Q

Someone is more likely to report if…

A

If injuries exist
If another crime was committed
If a weapon was used

45
Q

Barriers to Reporting Rape

A

age, race, involvement in alcohol / drugs, relationship with the offender

46
Q

Legislation, Public Policies, and Funding Rape Reform

A

Rape law reforms implemented in the 1970s and 1980s were successful in getting victims to access the legal and support systems
- a 10% increase in rape reports to the police after reform
- 88% more likely to report rape to police in the modern reform period than prior

47
Q

Title IX

A

1972: Prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex (gender) in all education programs or activities that receive federal financial assistance
2011: The Obama-era Dear Colleague Letter (reminder to universities to follow the Title IX law)

48
Q

Define Homicide

A

the intentional and sometimes unintentional, or accidental, killing of another person

49
Q

Define Murder

A

Unlawful taking of human life
- behavioral act that terminates life in the context of power, personal gain, brutality and sometimes sexuality
- intent and possible premeditation

50
Q

What was the first system to classify homicide in United States?

A

UCR

51
Q

Murder Victims Statistics

A
  • overrepresentation of blacks (53.3%, while only comprising 13.5% of U.S. population)
  • mostly intra-racial (82.7%)
52
Q

Homicide Takeaways

A

Homicide rates have declined in recent years
- 1 / 4,009 chance
- Black males have the highest odds
- White females have the lowest odds

53
Q

Weapons & Homicide

A

Firearms = 2nd leading cause of injury-related deaths
- Used in 73% of all homicides
- Knives/sharp objects = 11% of all homicides

54
Q

Death Notification

A

Often falls to law enforcement officers, victim advocates, or representatives from the coroner’s office
- A wide range of responses

55
Q

Death Notification Process

A
  1. Information Gathering
  2. Control and Direction
  3. Assessment
  4. Referral
56
Q

Grief Process

A
  1. Denial (short-term, self-protective)
  2. Anger (toward anyone / anything available)
  3. Bargaining (with pain, god, anything)
  4. Depression (often includes self-isolation)
  5. Acceptance (some form of normalcy)
57
Q

Single Homicide

A

1 victim and 1 homicidal event

58
Q

Double Homicide

A

2 victims are killed at one time in one location

59
Q

Triple Homicide

A

3 victims are killed at one time in one location

60
Q

Mass Murder

A

Single Event & Location
- Time is few moments/hours
- 4 or more victims
- classic / family

61
Q

Family Mass Murder

A

4 or more family members are killed together at one time

62
Q

Define Spree

A

Single event with two or more locations and no “cooling off” period
- does not care who the victims are

63
Q

Define Serial Murder

A

3 or more separate events in three or more separate locations with a “cooling off” period
- will monitor their behavior and avoid detection

64
Q

Organized Offender

A

Intelligent, plans, victims are strangers, often lure victims, control is essential, brings their own weapon, hides body

65
Q

Unorganized Offender

A

Actions aren’t logical, normally has mental illness, weapons of opportunity, kills quickly, don’t take symbolic trophies but may take hair or body parts, over-kill

66
Q

Define Robbery

A

Taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force, or threat of force or violence
- putting the victim in fear
- robberies are declining

67
Q

Define Larceny (Theft)

A

Taking of a person’s property without the permission of the property owner or possessor of that property
- does not involve threat
- very common

68
Q

Define Burglary

A

Uninvited and illegal entry into a person’s property, cargo container, or any vehicle or vessel
- frequently a secondary crime or by-product of the intention to commit another crime
- occurs every 13 seconds

69
Q

Types of Burglary

A
  1. Completed burglary
  2. Forcible entry
  3. Unlawful entry without force
  4. Attempted forcible entry
70
Q

Define Home Invasion

A

one or more perpetrators force entry into a home where
inhabitants are present for the purposes of robbery, rape, or other criminal activity.
- usually involve highly violent activities
- doesn’t avoid contact with homeowner
- confrontation is often the key element

victimology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions