Exam 2 Flashcards
What bones make up the shoulder girdle?
- Scapula
- Clavicle
The _____ & _____ move as a unit
Scapula ; Clavicle
________ articulation with sternum is only bony link to _______ skeleton
Clavicle’s ; Axial
KNOW BONY LANDMARKS
Ok
Which shoulder girdle joint is multi-axial and arthrodial?
Sternoclavicular (SC) joint
In relation to the manubrium, the clavicle carries out what 3 functions? (PR, ED, Hsgm)
- Protracts and retracts
- Elevates and Depresses
- Has slight gliding movements
Which shoulder girdle joint is strictly arthrodial? (ACj)
Acromioclavicular (AC) joint
_____ - _____ of gliding & rotational motion accompany shoulder girdle and shoulder joint motions.
20* ; 30*
Which shoulder girdle joint is often injured?
AC joint
What is the ligamentous support of the AC joint?
- Coracoclavicular ligaments
- Acromioclavicular ligaments
Which shoulder girdle joint is not a true synovial joint? (Sj)
Scapulothoracic joint
In regards of the Scapulothoracic joint, movements depend on ___ & ___ joints which allows the scapula to move.
SC ; AC
What are the main movements of the Scapulothoracic joint? (AA,UrDr, ED)
- Abduction/Adduction
- Upward/Downward Rotation
- Elevation/Depression
What joint is supported dynamically by its muscles? (Sj)
Scapulothoracic joint
T/F: The Scapulothoracic joint has ligamentous support.
False
The scapula moving laterally away from spinal column is referred to as what?
Abduction (protraction)
The scapula moving medially toward the spinal column.
Adduction (retraction)
The inferior movement of scapula, as in returning to normal position.
Depression
The superior movement of scapula, as in shrugging the shoulders.
Elevation
Returning inferior angle and medially toward spinal column & glenoid fossa to normal position.
Downward rotation
Turning glenoid fossa upward & moving inferior angle superiorly and laterally away from spinal column to assist in raising arm.
Upward rotation
For some movements, ____ must rotate on axis.
Scapula
What shoulder girdle movement occurs during abduction? (Ir,lt)
Internal rotation, lateral tilt
What shoulder girdle movement occurs during extreme adduction? (Er,mt)
External rotation, medial tilt
Rotational movement of scapula about frontal axis during glenohumeral hyperextension.
Anterior/upward tilt
Rotational movement of scapula about frontal axis during glenohumeral hyperflexion.
Posterior/downward tilt
Shoulder girdle muscles are primarily innervated by ______ and _____ plexus.
Cervical ; brachial
What muscles are apart of the cervical plexus? (TLsR)
- Trapezius
- Levator scapula
- Rhomboid
What muscles are apart of the brachial plexus? (LsRSaPm)
- Levator scapula
- Rhomboid
- Serratus anterior
- Pectoralis minor
What are the shoulder girdle muscles? (TRLsSaPm)
- Trapezius
- Rhomboids
- Levator scapulae
- Serratus anterior
- Pectoralis minor
What shoulder girdle muscles are posterior and lateral?
- Serratus Anterior
Which shoulder girdle muscles are on the anterior? (PmS)
- Pectoralis minor
- Subclavius
The trapezius, rhomboid, Levator scapulae are ______.
Posterior
What is the origin of the trapezius muscle? (Bos,op)
Base of skull, occipital protuberance
What are the insertions of the trapezius muscle? (CApS)
Clavicle, Acromion process, scapula
What is the origin of the Levator scapulae muscle?
C1-C4
What is the insertion of the Levator scapulae?
scapula
What is the origin of the rhomboid muscles (major and minor)?
C7, T1, T2-T5
What is the insertion of the rhomboid muscles (major & minor)? (S)
Scapula
What is the origin of the serratus anterior muscle? (Ratc)
Ribs at the chest
What is the insertion of the serratus anterior muscle? (Ms)
Medial scapula
What is the origin of the pectoralis minor muscle? (R)
Ribs
What is the insertion of the pectoralis minor muscle? (S)
Scapula
What is the origin of the subclavius muscle? (R)
Ribs
What is the insertion of the subclavius muscle? (C)
Clavicle
What are the agonists of scapula abduction? (PmSa)
- Pectoralis minor
- Serratus anterior
What are the agonists of the scapula adduction? (TR)
- Trapezius
- Rhomboids
What are the agonists of Scapula Upward Rotation? (TSa)
- Trapezius
- Serratus Anterior
What are the agonists of scapula downward rotation? (PmR)
- Pectoralis minor
- Rhomboid
What are the agonists of scapula elevation? (LsTR)
- Levator scapula
- Trapezius
- Rhomboid
What are the agonists of scapula depression? (TPm)
- Trapezius
- Pectoralis minor
_______ is attached to the axial skeleton via the clavicle at the SC joint.
Shoulder joint
What joint has a wide ROM in many different planes?
Shoulder joint
The shoulder joint is common to have ____ problems.
Instability
What bones are in correlation of the shoulder joint? (SCH)
- Scapula
- Clavicle
- Humerus
KNOW SCAPULAR & HUMERAL BONY LANDMARKS
Ok
What shoulder joint, is where the glenoid fossa and humerus meet
Glenohumeral joint
What are 2 characteristics of the Glenohumeral joint? (MeBasj)
- Multiaxial enarthrodial
- Ball-and-socket joint
Which ligaments provide stability in the glenohumeral joint?
Glenohumeral ligaments
T/F: Glenohumeral ligaments are tense until extreme ROM is reached.
False; they are lax
_______ + _______ = ________
Glenohumeral joint ; Shoulder joint ; Shoulder ROM
Scapulohumeral rhythm is an example of what?
Synergistic relationship
T/F: For every 2* of glenohumeral motion, there is 1* of scapula motion
True
Upward lateral movement of humerus to the side, away from body.
Abduction
Downward movemnt of humerus medially toward body from abduction, can continue past midline.
Adduction
Movement of humerus straight anteriorly.
Flexion
Movement of humerus straight posteriorly.
Extension
Movement of humerus toward and across chest.
Horizontal adduction/ Transverse flexion
Movement of humerus away from chest?
Horizontal abduction/transverse extension
Movement of humerus laterally away from midline.
External rotation
Movement of humerus medially toward midline
Internal rotation
Movement of humerus in a diagonal plane away from midline of body
Diagonal abduction
Movement of humerus in a diagonal plane toward midline of body.
Diagonal adduction
The glenohumeral joint is frequently injured due to what?
its anatomical design
What are 3 injury results of the glenohumeral joint?
- Anteroinferior glenohumeral subluxations and dislocations
- Posterior dislocations
- Posterior instability
________ enhances stability by deepening the concavity of the fossa.
Glenoid labrum
What is the injury that occurs when there is a superior labral tear ant. to post.
SLAP tear
What is known as the difference in ROM between throwing and non throwing shoulders?
Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD)
All shoulder joint muscles are innervated from the _____ plexus.
Brachial
C5 - C6 innervate which shoulder joint muscles? (DTmSTmSI)
- Deltoid
- Teres minor
- Subscapularis
- Teres major
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
C5 - C7 innervate which shoulder joint muscles? (PmC)
- Pectoralis major
- Coracobrachialis
C6 - C8 innervate which shoulder joint muscles?
- Latissimus dorsi
C8 & T1 innervate which shoulder joint muscles?
Pectoralis major
Match Shoulder Joint Action with Shoulder Girdle:
- Abduction :
- Adduction :
- Flexion:
- Extension:
- Internal rotation:
- External rotation:
- Horizontal abduction:
- Horizontal adduction:
- Upward rotation
- Downward rotation
- Elevation
- Depression
- Abduction
- Adduction
- Adduction
- Abduction
Which shoulder joint muscles are anterior? (PmCS)
- Pectoralis major
- Coracobrachialis
- Subscapularis
Which shoulder joint muscles are superior? (DS)
- Deltoid
- Subscapularis