Exam 2 Flashcards
What are the 5 regions of the vertebrae?
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx
How many joints in each of the vertebra parts?
- 12, 5, 5, 3 (fused)
What actions occur in the vertebral column?
Flexion and extension of vertebral column occur within the sagittal plane about a frontal axis
What are the actions of C1 and occiput?
Flexion and extension - nodding yes
What are the actions of C1-C2?
Rotation - shaking no
What are the actions of the cervical spine?
Motion in all 3 planes and axes
What are the actions of the thoracic spine?
Lateral bending
What are the actions of the lumbar spine?
Flexion and extension
What are the actions of the trunk/neck?
Flexion, extension, lateral bending, rotation, compression of the abdomen (trunk only)
What are the spinal nerves that innervate the trunk area?
Intercostal and abdominals
What is the cervical plexus?
A network of nerve fibers that supplies innervation to some of the structures in the neck and trunk
What are the 5 prime movers of the shoulder girdle?
Trapezius, levator scapula, rhomboid, serratus anterior, and pectoralis minor
What are the posterior muscles of the shoulder girdle?
Trapezius, levator scapula, serratus anterior
What are the anterior muscles of the shoulder girdle?
Pectoralis minor, serratus anterior
What happens during scapular upward roation?
The spine of scapula becomes more perpendicular
What are the bones that make up the shoulder girdle/joint?
Scapula, clavicle, sternum
What is the function of the acromioclavicular ligament?
Connects lateral end of the clavicle to the acromion of scapula, plane synovial joint
What is the function of the coracoclavicular ligament?
Connect superior surface of coracoid process to inferior lateral end of clavicle, limits posterior motion and rotation of scapula
What is the function of the coracohumeral ligament?
Attaches to dorsal lateral side of coracoid process and greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus, reinforces superior portion of joint capsule
What is the function of glenohumeral ligament?
Reinforces anterior portion of capsule
What are the four muscles that make up the rotator cuff?
Subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres minor, and supraspinatus
What is the difference between a humeral head fracture and a humeral neck fracture?
Neck fracture is often caused by a fall on an outstretched arm and a mid humeral fracture is often caused by a direct blow or twisting force.
What fracture causes worry about radial nerve injury?
Mid-humeral fracture
