Exam 2

Question 1

conditioned suppression

Answer 1

Suppression of ongoing behavior (ex: drinking or lever pressing for food) produced by the presentation of a CS that has been conditioned to elicit fear through association with an aversive US

Question 2

Conditioning trial

Answer 2

A training episode involving presentation of a CS with (or without) a US

Question 3

CS-US interval

Answer 3

Same as interstimulus interval

Question 4

Evaluative conditioning

Answer 4

Changing the hedonic value or liking of an initially neutral stimulus by having that stimulus associated with something that is already liked or disliked

Question 5

Explicitly unpaired control

Answer 5

A procedure in which both CS and US are presented, but with sufficient time between them so that they do not become associated with each other

Question 6

Goal tracking

Answer 6

Conditioned behavior elicited by a CS that consists of approaching the location where the US is usually presented

Question 7

Inhibitory conditioning

Answer 7

A type of classical conditioning in which the CS becomes a signal for the absence of the US

Question 8

Interstimulus interval

Answer 8

The amount of time that elapses between the start of the CS and the start of the US during a classical conditioning trial. Also called the CS-US interval

Question 9

Intertrial interval

Answer 9

The amount of time that elapses between two successive trials

Question 10

latency

Answer 10

The time elapsed between a stimulus (or the start of a trial) and the response that is made to the stimulus

Question 11

lick-suppression procedure

Answer 11

A procedure for testing fear conditioning in which presentation of a fear-conditioned CS slows down the rate of drinking

Question 12

Long-delayed conditioning

Answer 12

A conditioning procedure in which the US occurs more than several minutes after the start of the CS, as in taste-aversion learning

Question 13

Magnitude of a response

Answer 13

A measure of the size, vigor, or extent of a response

Question 14

Object learning

Answer 14

Learning associations between different stimulus features of an object, such as what it looks like and how it tastes

Question 15

Probability of a response

Answer 15

The likelihood of making the response, usually represented in terms of the percentage of trials on which the response occurs

Question 16

Pseudo-conditioning

Answer 16

Increased responding that may occur to a stimulus whose presentations are intermixed with presentation of a US in the absence of the establishment of an association between the stimulus and the US

Question 17

Random control procedure

Answer 17

A procedure in which the CS and US are presented at random times with respect to each other

Question 18

Retardation of acquisition test

Answer 18

A test procedure that identifies a stimulus as a conditioned inhibitor if that stimulus is slower to acquire excitatory properties than a comparison stimulus

Question 19

Short-delayed conditioning

Answer 19

A classical conditioning procedure in which the CS is initiated shortly before the US on each conditioning trial

Question 20

Sign tracking

Answer 20

Movement toward and possibly contact with a stimulus that signals the availability of a positive reinforcer, such as food. Also called autoshaping

Question 21

Simultaneous conditioning

Answer 21

A classical conditioning procedure in which the CS and the US are presented at the same time on each conditioning trial

Question 22

Summation test

Answer 22

Same as compound-stimulus test

Question 23

Temporal coding hypothesis

Answer 23

The idea that Pavlovian conditioning procedures lead not only to learning that the US happens by exactly when it occurs in relation to the CS. The CS represents (or codes) the timing of the US

Question 24

Test Trial

Answer 24

A trial in which the CS is presented without the US. This allows measurement of the CR in the absence of the UR

Question 25

Trace conditioning

Answer 25

A classical conditing procedure in which the US is presented after the CS has been terminated for a short period

Question 26

Trace interval

Answer 26

The interval between the end of the CS and the start of the US in trace-conditioning trials

Question 27

Unconditional or unconditioned response (UR)

Answer 27

A response that occurs to a stimulus without the necessity of prior training

Question 28

Unconditional or Unconditioned stimulus (US)

Answer 28

A stimulus that elicits a particular response without the necessity of prior training