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NURS 661 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Communication Term:
Blocking

A

Leader must intervene to stop counterproductive behaviors - focus on disruptive behavior vs person

Failure to express one’s knowledge or skill

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2
Q

Main goals of person-centered therapy

A
  • Enhance a greater understanding of oneself
  • Facilitate growth and development
  • Increase self-esteem and openness
  • Eliminate feelings of distress

Increase self acceptance and self esteem

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3
Q

Main techniques used in person-centered therapy (4)

A

Listening and understanding

EMPATHY

Unconditional positive regard

Congruence (agreeing)

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4
Q

Main goals of CBT

A
  • Teaching patients techniques to identify and challenge their distorted thinking
  • Replace dysfunction constructs with more flexible and adaptive cognitions
  • Prevent future episodes of emotional distress
  • Help people with personal growth
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5
Q

Main technique used in CBT

A

cognitive restructuring

Also known as the ABCDE method

  • Identify and evaluate one’s cognitions
  • Understand the negative behaviors those thoughts cause
  • Replace these thoughts with more realistic, appropriate, and adaptive thoughts.

Take back control of thoughts

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6
Q

Role of person-centered group therapists

A

Fascilitator

  • emphasizes the personal qualities of the group facilitator vs the techniques
  • non judgemental
  • empathy
  • constant positive regard
  • genuineness
  • foster member to member vs member to leader interactions
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7
Q

Person centered group therapy operates on what belief?

A

Client is inherently driven toward growth and self-actualization

humanistic belief

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8
Q

Who is the primary change agent in person centered therapy?

A

The client

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9
Q

Basis of Gestalt therapy

A

Grounded in the here and now: PRESENT VS PAST

Gives primacy to existential dialogue

CORNERSTONE: Awareness, choice, and responsibility

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10
Q

Gestalt therapy is based on what theories

A

Humanistic and experiential

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11
Q

Projection

A

attributing our own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and motives onto others.

Example: The wife is attracted to a male coworker. When the husband talks about a female coworker, she becomes jealous of him being attracted to another woman.

An insecure man mocks other men for acting like women

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12
Q

Introjection

A

mindlessly accept the standards and views of others without assimilating them and making them consistent with who we are

initial stage

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13
Q

Retroflection

A

We do to ourselves what we want to do to others

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14
Q

A

A

interruption of awareness so that it is difficult to maintain a sustained sense of contact

People will speak through and for others

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15
Q

Confluence

A

Blurring of awareness of differentiation between self and environment

No clear demarcation between internal and external experience

Makes it hard to have your own thoughts

A belief that all parties experience the same feelings and thoughts

Avoid conflict to be liked

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16
Q

Empathizing

A

Sensitively grasp the subjective world of the participant and retain their own separateness

Identifying with the client by assuming their frames of reference

Understand another’s perspective

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17
Q

Evaluating

A

Ongoing process throughout the group sessions.

Appraising the group process and the individual and group direction

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18
Q

Facilitating

A

Promote effective communication among members

Open up clear and direct communication among members

Help them assume responsibility for the direction of the group

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19
Q

Giving feedback
- and why we do it

A

Provide realistic assessment of how a person appears to others

to INCREASE CLIENT’S SELF AWARENESS

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20
Q

Goal setting

A

Targets communication, knowledge, or emotion

GOAL: give the group direction

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21
Q

Initiating

A

Non-prompted, purposeful, sending a message in context of a stage

Know how to use various techniques to promote deeper self-exploration

Increases the pace of the group process

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22
Q

A

A

Responding to the essence of what a person has communicated

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23
Q

A

A

When the therapist offers thoughts

  • to help members develop alterative courses of thinking and action
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24
Q

Ventilation

A

When a person expresses their suppressed thoughts/feelings to the group

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25
Q

Risks of group therapy

A
  • More ideas may create conflict
  • Unequal participation
  • Doesn’t allow for individual thinking
  • Breach of confidentiality
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26
Q

Benefits of group therapy

A
  • More ideas that are shared could be more productive
  • Less expensive
  • Realize you’re not alone
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27
Q

Informed consent

A
  • Clear statement of the group’s purpose
  • Description of the the group process
  • Leader qualifications
  • Risks
  • Rights and responsibilities
  • Limits of confidentiality
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28
Q

What are: Encounter Groups
- Goals
- Lead is

A

GOALS:
- awareness of self
- sensitivity to others
- personal growth
- improving interpersonal skills are promoted.

Leader is a catalyst vs a facilitator

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29
Q

What is Group Counseling

A
  • Aims at preventive and educational purposes
  • Focuses on growth and development
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30
Q

What is Group Therapy

A
  • Minor or major transformation of personality structure
  • Focuses on remediation and treatment
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31
Q

What are Psychotherapy Groups

A
  • Aims at remediation of in-depth psychological problems
  • past influences on present problems
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32
Q

What are Self Exploration Groups

A

Understanding who you are and what makes you “you” by looking at own thoughts, feelings, motivations, and behavior.

  • Used in CBT and psychodynamic therapy

GOAL: explore personal conflict

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33
Q

What are Task Groups

A

aims to foster accomplishing identified work goals.

  • Often used in schools
  • Guiding principles: Warm up, action, and closure.

GOALS: problem solving, decision making

34
Q

What are psychoeducation Groups

A

aims to educate well-functioning group members who want to acquire information and skills in an area of living.

Many are based on the learning theory model and use behavioral procedures.

Group examples:
social skills training groups, stress management groups, and cognitive therapy groups, substance abuse, anger management for children, elementary school children of divorce

35
Q

First Generation Behavior Therapies
- How it works

A

Change negative/problematic behavior through conditioning

  • Classical conditioning: Involuntary reflexive behavior
  • Operant Conditioning: Reinforcing Consequences
36
Q

Second Generation Behavior Therapies
- How it works

A

Help people identify negative thoughts

  • Cognitive behavior therapy
  • Automatic thoughts
37
Q

Third Generation Behavior Therapies
- How it works

A

Expanded to include:

-Emphasizes mindfulness
- Acceptance
- Therapeutic relationship
- Involves meditation

38
Q

Fourth Generation Behavior Therapies
- How it works

A

Theories: Existential, Humanistic, Spiritual, Ritualistic

39
Q

First Generation Behavior Therapies
- What therapies

A

Psychodynamic

40
Q

Second Generation Behavior Therapies
- What therapies

A

CBT, Gestalt, and Family Systems

41
Q

Third Generation Behavior Therapies
- What therapies

A

Acceptance and commitment therpay

DBT

Behavioral activation, schema, and mindfulness-based CBT

42
Q

DBT

A
  • Blend of CBT and psychoanalytic techniques
  • Type of talk therapy for people who experience emotions very intensely
  • Goal is to process emotions and self-regulate emotions
  • Population ideal for this therapy:

— Borderline personality disorder

43
Q

CBT vs DBT

A

CBT focuses on how your thoughts, feelings and behavior influence each other.

While DBT does work on these things, emphasis is given more towards regulating emotions, being mindful, and learning to accept pain.

44
Q

Basic Goal of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

A
  • Helps members replace their rigid thoughts.
  • Help group members replace rigid demands with flexible preferences.
  • Uses humor to show members how self-defeating their irrational thoughts are
45
Q

Purpose of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

A

Provides members with tools for experiencing healthy emotions about negative events. Instead of experiencing unhealthy emotions

Uses humor to show members how self-defeating their irrational thoughts are

Depression & anxiety

46
Q

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
- group leader techniques

A

Must have unconditional acceptance.

47
Q

ABC Theory

A

Part of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

The consequence (C) is NOT a result of A  it is a response to B

Consequence is a response to Belief system.

A: Activating agent/event
B: Belief System
C: Consequence

48
Q

Androgynous group

A

Blend of males and females

49
Q

Endogenous group

A

Groups within society

Example: Church group

50
Q

Heterogeneous group

A

Microcosm of the social structure that exists in the everyday world

Diverse age, race, cultural background

Example: Political campaign committee

51
Q

Homogenous group

A
  • Similar ages or population
  • Common interest or problem
  • Short-term groups

Example: Post-partum women learning about breastfeeding

Example: Males learning to deal with anger management

52
Q

What is resistance in groups

A

Client’s attempt to restrict or control the type of information that is communicated.

Keeps members from exploring personal issues or painful feelings in depth
o Serves as a protective purpose
o Can interfere w/ group processes

53
Q

Examples of resistance behavior in groups

A

o Excess talking
- Gossiping
- Starting rumors

o Interruptions
o Silence
o Not participating

o Distracting/laughing
- Class clown

54
Q

How does the group leader counteract resistance

A

Create an open atmosphere

Express empathy

55
Q

What usually causes resistance in groups

A

leader’s failure to give adequate orientation

56
Q

Stress inoculation training

A

Educate about the nature of stress

we are not simply victims of stress
– what we do and what we think actively contributes to how we experience stress

Socratic discussion

Cognitive restructuring, problem-solving, relaxation training, and self-reinforcement

57
Q

Psychodrama was designed to:

A

facilitate the expression of feelings in a spontaneous and dramatic way through the use of role playing.

58
Q

Psychodrama emphasizes:

A

Spontaneity and creativity

59
Q

Interpreting

A

encourage deeper self-exploration

bring awareness to self-contradictions

60
Q

Transference

A

Unconscious process whereby members project past feelings or attitudes onto the therapist.

61
Q

Countertransference

A

Therapist projects feelings they have onto members of the group.

62
Q

Initial stage (2nd stage)
- what happens
- how do the members feel

A

orientation and exploration

increased anxiety and defensiveness

63
Q

Transition stage (3rd stage)
- what happens
- how do the members feel

A

Recognizing and dealing with conflict

Anxiety, challenging the group leader

64
Q

Working Stage (4th stage)
- important things that need to be done
- How members feel

A

Action:
Interpreting the meaning of the behavior patterns – for deeper level of self-exploration

cohesion and productivity

Commitment to explore significant problems

65
Q

Catharsis

A

Expressing pent-up feelings releases energy that is tied to those feelings and relieves physical s/s

Ventilation of stored-up feelings

66
Q

Rationalization

A

Justify our behavior by assigning logical and admirable motives to it

67
Q

What are the Phases of Change?

A

Engagement
Focusing
Evoking
Planning

68
Q

Phases of Change: Engagement

A

Trusting and respectful relationship is established

69
Q

Phases of Change: Focusing

A

Process of clarifying the client’s goals and direction

70
Q

Phases of Change: Evoking

A

Eliciting motivation for a specific change

71
Q

Phases of Change: Planning

A

For a specific change strategy

72
Q

Preparing members to assimilate, integrate, and apply in-group learning to everyday life is:

A

Terminating

73
Q

In the era of ___________, brief interventions and short-term groups have become a necessity.

A

Managed Care

74
Q

________________ is a vehicle for the technique of role reversal when an auxiliary ego may not be available, or the actual person is too threatening to engage in an encounter.

A

Empty chair

75
Q

The technique whereby a protagonist speaks directly to the audience by expressing some uncensored feeling or thought is

A

Soliloquy

76
Q

What is free association and what therapies use it?

A

No filter, say what you want

Psychoanalytic and psychodynamic

77
Q

Purpose of an analytic group

A

Restructuring the client’s character and personality. Focus on how the past is affecting the present.

78
Q

Precontemplation Stage

A

No awareness or intention

79
Q

Contemplation Stage

A

Aware of the need for change

Planning for change

No commitment

80
Q

What are: Encounter groups
- Theory
- Past or present?
- Communication style
- Length of therapy

A

Emerged from humanistic theory

An enactment of here and now but related to past or future event

Directness with communication

Can be brief and intense

NURS 661 (5 decks)

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