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Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The radius is the laterally located long bone of the forearm
A. true
B. False

A

True

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2
Q

Which of the following are considered important bony landmarks of the radius?
a. head
b. trochlear notch
c. styloid process
d. carpal articular surfaces
e. radial notch
f. ulnar notch

A

head
styloid process
carpal articular surfaces
ulnar notch

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3
Q

Which of the following are considered important bony landmarks of the ulna?
a. ulnar notch
b. radial notch
c. coronoid process
d. greater tubercle
e. tuberosity
f. styloid

A

Radial notch, coronoid process, tuberosity, styloid

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4
Q

Which of the following nerves arise from the posterior cord?
a. suprascapular nerve
b. upper subscapular nerve
c. dorsal scapular nerve
d. medial pectoral nerve

A

B. upper subscapular nerve

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5
Q

which innervates the biceps brachii?
a. axillary nerve
b. dorsal scapular nerve
c. musculocutaneous nerve
d. radial nerve

A

c. musculocutaneous nerve

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6
Q

which artery descends down the anteromedial aspect of the forearm becoming more superficial over the medial aspect of the wrist?
a. brachial artery
b. axillary artery
c. ulnar artery
d. radial artery

A

c. ulnar artery

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7
Q

which neurovascular structures go through the triangular interval?
a. posterior circumflex humeral artery and axillary nerve
b. axillary nerve and radial nerve
c. profunda brachii artery and radial nerve
d. circumflex scapular artery and deep brachial nerve

A

c. profunda brachii artery and radial nerve

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8
Q

from a posterior view what 3 muscles make up the triangular interval?

A

teres major, lateral head of tricep and long head of tricep brachii

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9
Q

What 2 muscles are responsible for gliding the scapula on the thorax?

A

serratus anterior and subscapularis

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9
Q

What structure is a fibrocartilage ring that helps to stabilize the glenohumeral joint?

A

Labrum

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10
Q

What location on the upper extremity does the brachial artery branch off to the radial and ulnar artery?

A

cubital fossa

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11
Q

What fossa is found on the costal surface of the scapula?

A

subscapular

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12
Q

Which of the following borders of the scapula is located close to the vertebral column?
a. medial
b. lateral
c. superior

A

medial border of the scapula

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13
Q

which bony prominence is located on the posterior of the scapula?

A

spine

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14
Q

What are the bony landmarks on the proximal humerus?

A

Greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, surgical neck

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15
Q

Which ventral rami unite to form the typical brachial plexus?

A

C5- T1

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16
Q

All of the trunks of the brachial plexus will give rise to anterior and posterior divisions.
true or false

A

true

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17
Q

Which of the following nerves is considered a supraclavicular branch of the brachial plexus?
a. dorsal scapular nerve
b. radial nerve
c. suprascapular nerve
d. long thoracic nerve
e. musculocutaneous nerve
f. axillary nerve
g. subclavian

A

dorsal scapular, suprascapular, long thoracic, subclavian

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18
Q

Which ventral rami unite to form the inferior trunk to the brachial plexus?

A

C8-T1

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19
Q

Which structures form the scalene triangle?

A

Anterior scalenes, middle scalene, and first rib

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20
Q

Which divisions unite to form the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
a. posterior divisions of the superior and inferior trunk
b. anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks
c. anterior divisions of the middle and inferior trunks

A

anterior div. of the superior and middle trunks

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21
Q

Which of the following spaces is considered the thoracic outlet?
a. quadrangular space
b. scalene triangle
c. triangular space
d. costoclavicular space
e. subpectoral space

A

scalene triangle, costoclavicular space and subpectoral space

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22
Q

Which muscle of the shoulder region is the only muscle that is not innervated by branches of the brachial plexus?

A

trapezius

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23
Q

which of the following branches of the brachial plexus supplies the serratus anterior?

A

long thoracic nerve

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24
which nerve innervates both supraspinatus and infraspinatus?
suprascapular
25
The blood supply to the muscles of the shoulder region arises from branches of the subclavian and axillary arteries. a. true b. false
a. true
26
What arteries are branches of the thoracoacromial artery?
clavicular, pectoral, acromial, deltoid
27
What arteries supply the humeral head and GH joint with blood?
Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
28
What structures form the boundaries of the triangular interval?
Teres major, long head of the triceps, lateral head of triceps
29
When the axillary artery crosses the inferior margin of the teres major muscle it becomes the brachial artery. a. true b. false
true
30
The profunda brachii artery provides the muscles of the posterior compartment with blood? a. true b. false
true
31
Which nerve supplies the skin on the medial aspect of the arm?
medial brachial cutaneous
32
The musculocutaneous nerve becomes a purely cutaneous nerve after suppling the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm. a. true b. false
true (transitions into forearm as purely cutaneous)
33
What structures can be seen within the triangular interval when transitioning to the posterior compartment of the arm?
profunda brachii artery and radial nerve
34
which vein is the typical site for venipuncture?
median cubital vein
35
Which of the following structures is considered a bony landmark of the distal humerus? (select all that apply) a. deltiod tuberosity b. surgical neck c. capitulum d. trochlea e. olecranon fossa
capitulum, trochlea, olecranon fossa
36
Which structures are bony landmarks of the proximal ulna? (select all) a. coronoid process b. trochlear notch c. ulna styloid d. coracoid process e. olecranon
coronoid process, trochlear notch, olecranon
37
What articulation forms the humeroradial joint of the elbow?
capitulum of the humerus and head of the radius
38
what articulation forms the humeroulnar joint?
trochlear of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna
39
What does the ulnar collateral ligament do?
strengthens the medial aspect of the elbow joint capsule
40
The elbow is a hinge joint that allows one degree of freedom: flexion/ extension
true
41
Which of the following muscles are part of the anterior compartment of the arm? a. coracobrachialis b. triceps brachii c. anconeus d. bicep brachii e. brachialis
coracobrachialis, biceps brachii and brachialis
42
Where does the bicep brachii insert?
radial tuberosity
43
Where do the triceps insert?
olecranon process of the ulna
44
Where does the brachialis insert?
ulna tuberosity
45
What muscles produce motion at both the shoulder and elbow joints?
long head of the triceps brachii, long head of biceps brachii and short head of the biceps brachii
46
The radial nerve innervates the muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm. a. true b. false
true
47
The acromioclavicular joint (AC) is formed by the articulation of which two structures?
acromial end of clavicle and acromion process of the scapula
48
What ligament prevents the scapula from being displaced medially beneath the clavicle?
coracoclavicular
49
The glenohumeral joint is a ball and socket synovial joint that allows for how many degrees of freedom?
3 (flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, and internal/external rotation)
50
Which structures form the coracoacromial arch?
acromion process, coracoid process, and coracoacromial ligament
51
what structure forms the anterior axillary fold?
pectoralis major
52
you observe winging of the scapula, therefor you suspect an impairment of which muscle?
serratus anterior
53
what causes a complete rupture of the infraspinatus muscle?
rotator cuff injury
54
select all that apply: which of the following structures form the apex of the axilla? first rib deltoid clavicle superior edge of the scapula
first rib, clavicle, and superior edge of the scapula
55
true or false: the distal radioulnar joint is the most commonly broken joint?
true
56
what dermatome is the fifth digit?
c8
57
what myotome(s) are associated with forearm pronation?
C7 C8
58
what is the purpose of a bursae?
to create a cushion so bones and tendons can glide without friction and keep joint integrity
59
your client presents pain with decreased P-ROM of the R shoulder. They complain they are having trouble sleeping on the right side. what do you suspect they have?
adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)
60
you have a client who has weakness in his serratus anterior and has developed a space between the head of the humerus and acromion. what do you suspect they have?
shoulder subluxation
61
you are reaching out to grab a book from a top shelf. what movements are occurring at the scapula?
upward rotation and protraction
62
Which of the following muscles has its insertion on the clavicle, acromion process and spine of the scapula? a. latissimus dorsi b. rhomboids c. trapezius d. levator scapulae
c. trapezius
63
Which of the following muscles origninates from the spinous processes of either the cervical and/or thoracic vertebrae? (select all) a. latissimus dorsi b. rhomboids c. trapezius d. levator scapulae
a. latissimus dorsi b. rhomboids c. trapezius
64
What muscles are external rotators (PIT)
Posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor
65
What muscles are internal rotators (SPLAT)
subscapularis Pec major lat dorsi anterior deltoid teres major
66
What are the boundaries of the triangular space?
lateral border= Long head of triceps superior border= teres minor inferior border= teres major
67
What are the boundaries of the quadrangular space?
superior= teres minor inferior= teres major medial= long head triceps lateral= surgical neck of humerus
68
What are the rotator cuff muscles?
supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor subscapularis SITS
69
Which of the rotator cuff muscles inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus?
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor
70
Which rotator cuff muscle inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerus?
subscapular
71
Which of the following muscles produces abduction, flexion, and extension of the humerus at the GH joint? a. teres minor b. deltoid c. teres major d. surpaspinatus
b. deltoid
72
Which of the following structures form boundaries of the apex of the cervico-axillary canal? select all a. first rib b. superior edge of scapula c. deltoid d. clavicle
a. first rib b. superior edge of scapula d. clavicle
73
What structure forms the lateral wall of the axilla?
proximal humerus at the level of intertubercular sulcus
74
What structure forms the medial wall of the axilla?
serratus anterior, thoracic wall
75
What structure forms the posterior wall of the axilla?
subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major muscles
76
What structure forms the anterior wall of the axilla?
pec major and minor
77
neurovascular structures traveling between the neck and upper limb travel through the cervico-axillary canal. a. true b. false
true
78
Which of the following arteries network together to form anastomoses around the scapula? select all a. lateral thoracic b. dorsal scapular c. suprascapular d. circumflex scapular e. thoracodorsal
b. dorsal scapular c. suprascapular d. circumflex scapular
79
Which artery is vulnerable to damage secondary to a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus? a. anterior circumflex humeral b. posterior circumflex humeral c. circumflex scapular
b. posterior circumflex humeral
80
What are the three spaces of thoracic outlet?
scalene triangle, costoclavicular space and subpectoral space
81
Which of the following are bony landmarks of the distal humerus? a. deltoid tuberosity b. capitulum c. trochlea d. surgical neck e. olecranon fossa
b. capitulum c. trochlea e. olecranon fossa
82
The dorsal scapular artery supplies what muscle?
Rhomboids, levator scapulae, trapezius
83
The thyrocervical trunk gives rise to suprascapular artery which supplies?
Supraspinatus and infraspinatus
84
The superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve supplies what aspects of the skin?
anterolateral and posterolateral
85
What does the clavicular branch of the thoracoacromial artery supply?
subclavius and SC joint
86
What does the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery supply?
pectoralis muscles
87
What does the acromial branch of the thoracoacromial artery supply?
deltoid and AC joint
88
What does the deltoid branch of the thoracoacromial artery supply?
deltoid
89
What does the circumflex scapular artery supply?
Teres major and minor and contributes to rotator cuff blood supply
90
What artery passes through the triangular space?
Circumflex scapular artery
91
What artery passes through the quadrangular space?
posterior circumflex humeral artery and axillary nerve
92
What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?
saddle joint synovial joint
93
What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?
plane joint synovial joint
94
What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?
ball-and-socket synovial joint
95
What type of joint is the scapulothoracic joint?
physiological joint (not synovial)
96
What is bursitis?
inflammation of a bursa
97
What is bicipital groove tendonitis?
Tendon of the long head of biceps moves back and forth in the intertubercular sulcus- can become inflamed with repetitive trauma ( ex. baseball pitcher)
98
Paralysis of the serratus anterior results in?
winged scapula
99
Injury to the axillary nerve can result in?
paralysis of the deltoid
100
shoulder dislocation
humeral head comes entirely out of glenoid fossa
101
What are the infraclavicular branches of the shoulder region?
-Lateral and medial pectoral nerve -upper and lower subscapular nerves -thoracodorsal nerve -axillary nerve
102
What are scapular anastomoses?
networks of arteries on the anterior and posterior suraces of the scapula -dorsal scapular artery -suprascapular artery -circumflex scapular artery
103
What makes up the thoracic outlet?
scalene triangle, costoclavicular space, and subpectoral space
104
What runs through the scalene triangle?
subclavian artery superior brachial plexus
105
What runs through the costoclavicular space?
brachial plexus and axillary artery and vein
106
subpectoral space
cords of brachial plexus, axillary artery and vein

Anatomy (3 decks)

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