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Anatomy > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The radius is the laterally located long bone of the forearm
A. true
B. False

A

True

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2
Q

Which of the following are considered important bony landmarks of the radius?
a. head
b. trochlear notch
c. styloid process
d. carpal articular surfaces
e. radial notch
f. ulnar notch

A

head
styloid process
carpal articular surfaces
ulnar notch

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3
Q

Which of the following are considered important bony landmarks of the ulna?
a. ulnar notch
b. radial notch
c. coronoid process
d. greater tubercle
e. tuberosity
f. styloid

A

Radial notch, coronoid process, tuberosity, styloid

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4
Q

Which of the following nerves arise from the posterior cord?
a. suprascapular nerve
b. upper subscapular nerve
c. dorsal scapular nerve
d. medial pectoral nerve

A

B. upper subscapular nerve

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5
Q

which innervates the biceps brachii?
a. axillary nerve
b. dorsal scapular nerve
c. musculocutaneous nerve
d. radial nerve

A

c. musculocutaneous nerve

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6
Q

which artery descends down the anteromedial aspect of the forearm becoming more superficial over the medial aspect of the wrist?
a. brachial artery
b. axillary artery
c. ulnar artery
d. radial artery

A

c. ulnar artery

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7
Q

which neurovascular structures go through the triangular interval?
a. posterior circumflex humeral artery and axillary nerve
b. axillary nerve and radial nerve
c. profunda brachii artery and radial nerve
d. circumflex scapular artery and deep brachial nerve

A

c. profunda brachii artery and radial nerve

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8
Q

from a posterior view what 3 muscles make up the triangular interval?

A

teres major, lateral head of tricep and long head of tricep brachii

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9
Q

What 2 muscles are responsible for gliding the scapula on the thorax?

A

serratus anterior and subscapularis

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9
Q

What structure is a fibrocartilage ring that helps to stabilize the glenohumeral joint?

A

Labrum

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10
Q

What location on the upper extremity does the brachial artery branch off to the radial and ulnar artery?

A

cubital fossa

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11
Q

What fossa is found on the costal surface of the scapula?

A

subscapular

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12
Q

Which of the following borders of the scapula is located close to the vertebral column?
a. medial
b. lateral
c. superior

A

medial border of the scapula

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13
Q

which bony prominence is located on the posterior of the scapula?

A

spine

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14
Q

What are the bony landmarks on the proximal humerus?

A

Greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, surgical neck

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15
Q

Which ventral rami unite to form the typical brachial plexus?

A

C5- T1

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16
Q

All of the trunks of the brachial plexus will give rise to anterior and posterior divisions.
true or false

A

true

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17
Q

Which of the following nerves is considered a supraclavicular branch of the brachial plexus?
a. dorsal scapular nerve
b. radial nerve
c. suprascapular nerve
d. long thoracic nerve
e. musculocutaneous nerve
f. axillary nerve
g. subclavian

A

dorsal scapular, suprascapular, long thoracic, subclavian

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18
Q

Which ventral rami unite to form the inferior trunk to the brachial plexus?

A

C8-T1

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19
Q

Which structures form the scalene triangle?

A

Anterior scalenes, middle scalene, and first rib

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20
Q

Which divisions unite to form the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
a. posterior divisions of the superior and inferior trunk
b. anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks
c. anterior divisions of the middle and inferior trunks

A

anterior div. of the superior and middle trunks

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21
Q

Which of the following spaces is considered the thoracic outlet?
a. quadrangular space
b. scalene triangle
c. triangular space
d. costoclavicular space
e. subpectoral space

A

scalene triangle, costoclavicular space and subpectoral space

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22
Q

Which muscle of the shoulder region is the only muscle that is not innervated by branches of the brachial plexus?

A

trapezius

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23
Q

which of the following branches of the brachial plexus supplies the serratus anterior?

A

long thoracic nerve

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24
Q

which nerve innervates both supraspinatus and infraspinatus?

A

suprascapular

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25
Q

The blood supply to the muscles of the shoulder region arises from branches of the subclavian and axillary arteries.
a. true
b. false

A

a. true

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26
Q

What arteries are branches of the thoracoacromial artery?

A

clavicular, pectoral, acromial, deltoid

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27
Q

What arteries supply the humeral head and GH joint with blood?

A

Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries

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28
Q

What structures form the boundaries of the triangular interval?

A

Teres major, long head of the triceps, lateral head of triceps

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29
Q

When the axillary artery crosses the inferior margin of the teres major muscle it becomes the brachial artery.
a. true
b. false

A

true

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30
Q

The profunda brachii artery provides the muscles of the posterior compartment with blood?
a. true
b. false

A

true

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31
Q

Which nerve supplies the skin on the medial aspect of the arm?

A

medial brachial cutaneous

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32
Q

The musculocutaneous nerve becomes a purely cutaneous nerve after suppling the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm.
a. true
b. false

A

true

(transitions into forearm as purely cutaneous)

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33
Q

What structures can be seen within the triangular interval when transitioning to the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

profunda brachii artery and radial nerve

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34
Q

which vein is the typical site for venipuncture?

A

median cubital vein

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35
Q

Which of the following structures is considered a bony landmark of the distal humerus? (select all that apply)
a. deltiod tuberosity
b. surgical neck
c. capitulum
d. trochlea
e. olecranon fossa

A

capitulum, trochlea, olecranon fossa

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36
Q

Which structures are bony landmarks of the proximal ulna? (select all)
a. coronoid process
b. trochlear notch
c. ulna styloid
d. coracoid process
e. olecranon

A

coronoid process, trochlear notch, olecranon

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37
Q

What articulation forms the humeroradial joint of the elbow?

A

capitulum of the humerus and head of the radius

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38
Q

what articulation forms the humeroulnar joint?

A

trochlear of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna

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39
Q

What does the ulnar collateral ligament do?

A

strengthens the medial aspect of the elbow joint capsule

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40
Q

The elbow is a hinge joint that allows one degree of freedom: flexion/ extension

A

true

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41
Q

Which of the following muscles are part of the anterior compartment of the arm?
a. coracobrachialis
b. triceps brachii
c. anconeus
d. bicep brachii
e. brachialis

A

coracobrachialis, biceps brachii and brachialis

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42
Q

Where does the bicep brachii insert?

A

radial tuberosity

43
Q

Where do the triceps insert?

A

olecranon process of the ulna

44
Q

Where does the brachialis insert?

A

ulna tuberosity

45
Q

What muscles produce motion at both the shoulder and elbow joints?

A

long head of the triceps brachii, long head of biceps brachii and short head of the biceps brachii

46
Q

The radial nerve innervates the muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm.
a. true
b. false

A

true

47
Q

The acromioclavicular joint (AC) is formed by the articulation of which two structures?

A

acromial end of clavicle and acromion process of the scapula

48
Q

What ligament prevents the scapula from being displaced medially beneath the clavicle?

A

coracoclavicular

49
Q

The glenohumeral joint is a ball and socket synovial joint that allows for how many degrees of freedom?

A

3 (flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, and internal/external rotation)

50
Q

Which structures form the coracoacromial arch?

A

acromion process, coracoid process, and coracoacromial ligament

51
Q

what structure forms the anterior axillary fold?

A

pectoralis major

52
Q

you observe winging of the scapula, therefor you suspect an impairment of which muscle?

A

serratus anterior

53
Q

what causes a complete rupture of the infraspinatus muscle?

A

rotator cuff injury

54
Q

select all that apply: which of the following structures form the apex of the axilla?

first rib
deltoid
clavicle
superior edge of the scapula

A

first rib, clavicle, and superior edge of the scapula

55
Q

true or false: the distal radioulnar joint is the most commonly broken joint?

A

true

56
Q

what dermatome is the fifth digit?

A

c8

57
Q

what myotome(s) are associated with forearm pronation?

A

C7 C8

58
Q

what is the purpose of a bursae?

A

to create a cushion so bones and tendons can glide without friction and keep joint integrity

59
Q

your client presents pain with decreased P-ROM of the R shoulder. They complain they are having trouble sleeping on the right side. what do you suspect they have?

A

adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)

60
Q

you have a client who has weakness in his serratus anterior and has developed a space between the head of the humerus and acromion. what do you suspect they have?

A

shoulder subluxation

61
Q

you are reaching out to grab a book from a top shelf. what movements are occurring at the scapula?

A

upward rotation and protraction

62
Q

Which of the following muscles has its insertion on the clavicle, acromion process and spine of the scapula?
a. latissimus dorsi
b. rhomboids
c. trapezius
d. levator scapulae

A

c. trapezius

63
Q

Which of the following muscles origninates from the spinous processes of either the cervical and/or thoracic vertebrae? (select all)
a. latissimus dorsi
b. rhomboids
c. trapezius
d. levator scapulae

A

a. latissimus dorsi
b. rhomboids
c. trapezius

64
Q

What muscles are external rotators (PIT)

A

Posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor

65
Q

What muscles are internal rotators (SPLAT)

A

subscapularis
Pec major
lat dorsi
anterior deltoid
teres major

66
Q

What are the boundaries of the triangular space?

A

lateral border= Long head of triceps
superior border= teres minor
inferior border= teres major

67
Q

What are the boundaries of the quadrangular space?

A

superior= teres minor
inferior= teres major
medial= long head triceps
lateral= surgical neck of humerus

68
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

SITS

69
Q

Which of the rotator cuff muscles inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus?

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

70
Q

Which rotator cuff muscle inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerus?

A

subscapular

71
Q

Which of the following muscles produces abduction, flexion, and extension of the humerus at the GH joint?
a. teres minor
b. deltoid
c. teres major
d. surpaspinatus

A

b. deltoid

72
Q

Which of the following structures form boundaries of the apex of the cervico-axillary canal? select all
a. first rib
b. superior edge of scapula
c. deltoid
d. clavicle

A

a. first rib
b. superior edge of scapula
d. clavicle

73
Q

What structure forms the lateral wall of the axilla?

A

proximal humerus at the level of intertubercular sulcus

74
Q

What structure forms the medial wall of the axilla?

A

serratus anterior, thoracic wall

75
Q

What structure forms the posterior wall of the axilla?

A

subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major muscles

76
Q

What structure forms the anterior wall of the axilla?

A

pec major and minor

77
Q

neurovascular structures traveling between the neck and upper limb travel through the cervico-axillary canal.
a. true
b. false

A

true

78
Q

Which of the following arteries network together to form anastomoses around the scapula? select all
a. lateral thoracic
b. dorsal scapular
c. suprascapular
d. circumflex scapular
e. thoracodorsal

A

b. dorsal scapular
c. suprascapular
d. circumflex scapular

79
Q

Which artery is vulnerable to damage secondary to a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus?
a. anterior circumflex humeral
b. posterior circumflex humeral
c. circumflex scapular

A

b. posterior circumflex humeral

80
Q

What are the three spaces of thoracic outlet?

A

scalene triangle, costoclavicular space and subpectoral space

81
Q

Which of the following are bony landmarks of the distal humerus?
a. deltoid tuberosity
b. capitulum
c. trochlea
d. surgical neck
e. olecranon fossa

A

b. capitulum
c. trochlea
e. olecranon fossa

82
Q

The dorsal scapular artery supplies what muscle?

A

Rhomboids, levator scapulae, trapezius

83
Q

The thyrocervical trunk gives rise to suprascapular artery which supplies?

A

Supraspinatus and infraspinatus

84
Q

The superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve supplies what aspects of the skin?

A

anterolateral and posterolateral

85
Q

What does the clavicular branch of the thoracoacromial artery supply?

A

subclavius and SC joint

86
Q

What does the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery supply?

A

pectoralis muscles

87
Q

What does the acromial branch of the thoracoacromial artery supply?

A

deltoid and AC joint

88
Q

What does the deltoid branch of the thoracoacromial artery supply?

A

deltoid

89
Q

What does the circumflex scapular artery supply?

A

Teres major and minor and contributes to rotator cuff blood supply

90
Q

What artery passes through the triangular space?

A

Circumflex scapular artery

91
Q

What artery passes through the quadrangular space?

A

posterior circumflex humeral artery and axillary nerve

92
Q

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

A

saddle joint synovial joint

93
Q

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?

A

plane joint synovial joint

94
Q

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

A

ball-and-socket synovial joint

95
Q

What type of joint is the scapulothoracic joint?

A

physiological joint (not synovial)

96
Q

What is bursitis?

A

inflammation of a bursa

97
Q

What is bicipital groove tendonitis?

A

Tendon of the long head of biceps moves back and forth in the intertubercular sulcus-
can become inflamed with repetitive trauma ( ex. baseball pitcher)

98
Q

Paralysis of the serratus anterior results in?

A

winged scapula

99
Q

Injury to the axillary nerve can result in?

A

paralysis of the deltoid

100
Q

shoulder dislocation

A

humeral head comes entirely out of glenoid fossa

101
Q

What are the infraclavicular branches of the shoulder region?

A

-Lateral and medial pectoral nerve
-upper and lower subscapular nerves
-thoracodorsal nerve
-axillary nerve

102
Q

What are scapular anastomoses?

A

networks of arteries on the anterior and posterior suraces of the scapula

-dorsal scapular artery
-suprascapular artery
-circumflex scapular artery

103
Q

What makes up the thoracic outlet?

A

scalene triangle, costoclavicular space, and subpectoral space

104
Q

What runs through the scalene triangle?

A

subclavian artery
superior brachial plexus

105
Q

What runs through the costoclavicular space?

A

brachial plexus and axillary artery and vein

106
Q

subpectoral space

A

cords of brachial plexus, axillary artery and vein

Anatomy (3 decks)

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