Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MAT 120 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Any fiber derived by a process of manufacture from chemical compounds where the original form his not recognizable as a fiber

A

Manufactured Fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who made the first manufactured fiber?

A

Count Hilaire de Chardonnet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What was the first SYNTHETIC fiber?

A

Nylon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Natural product (cellulose or protein) or synthetic polymer

A

Raw Material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Raw material is dissolved in liquid chemicals and made into thick solutions

A

Spinning Solution/ Dope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Polymer chips that are then heated until form liquid melt

A

Synthetic Polymers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Small thimble like nozzle through which the solution is extruded to form a fiber

A

Spinneret

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

An untwisted rope of thousands of filament fibers

A

Filament Tow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Stretching the fiber to align the molecular chain increasing the crystallinity

A

Drawing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Adding crimp to the filament fibers

A

Texturing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The melt is forced through heated spinneret holes, the fiber cools in contact with the air, solidifies, and is wound on a bobbin. —Fastest and Cheapest Method

A

Melt Spinning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The polymers are dissolved in solvent liquid form, extruded into warm air, and solidified by evaporation of the solvent.

A

Dry Spinning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Polymers are extruded through a jet into a liquid bath.

A

Wet spinning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Fiber in its simplest, unmodified form

A

Parent Fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Changes in the parent manufactured fiber to improve performance relative to a specific end use.

A

Fiber Modifications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Five Methods of Modifications

A

1- Spinneret-change size and shape
2- Molecular Structure- modify crystallinity to enhance fiber durability
3-Additives-other compounds added to fiber
4- Spinning Process- ex: melt spun to solvent
5- Co-Polymers- combine two polymers as separate entities within a single fiber or yarn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Fibers that are produced in fiber form from naturally occurring polymers

A

Manufactured Regenerated Fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

1st regenerated cellulosic fiber

A

Rayon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Production of Rayon

A

Wet Spinning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Physical Structure of Rayon

A

Striations, Serrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Production of Lyocell

A

Wet Spinning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Physical Structure of Lyocell

A

Smooth cross-section and surface contour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A manufactured fiber composed of solvent spun cellulose

A

Lyocell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Silk-like Apparel, Upholstery& Draperies, Nonwovens, and Medical Textiles

A

Rayon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Professional business wear, leotards, hosiery, upholstery, window treatments, bed, bath, and table linens

A

Lyocell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

First thermoplastic fiber

A

Acetate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Production of Acetate

A

Dry Spinning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Physical Structure of Acetate

A

Striations, lobed cross-section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Chemical Composition of Acetate

A

Ester of cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Promoted as the beauty fiber

A

Acetate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Considered as a designers dream because it replicates many properties of silk

A

Acetate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Formal wear, linings of apparel, draperies, upholstery, cigarette filters

A

Acetate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Fibers produced from synthetic polymers made from basic raw materials

A

Synthetic Fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Properties of Synthetic Fibers

A

Pilling, Static Electricity, Oleophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Manufactured Fibers that are not thermoplastic

A

Rayon and Lyocell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

1st fiber developed in the United States

A

Nylon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Production of Nylon

A

Melt Spinning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Products of crude oil

A

Nylon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Physical Structure of Nylon

A

Round cross section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Chemical Composition of Nylon

A

Polyamides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Recurring amide groups containing carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen

A

Polyamides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Has the highest abrasion resistance of any fiber

A

Nylon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

2nd most used man-made fiber in the U.S.

A

Nylon

44
Q

Most widely used fiber in the U.S.

A

Polyester

45
Q

“Work horse fiber”

A

Polyester

46
Q

Why is polyester called the “Big Mixer”?

A

it is blended with most other fibers

47
Q

Why is polyester called the “Jack-in-theBox” fiber?

A

it has good resilience and elastic recovery

48
Q

Starting material of polyester

A

Crude oil

49
Q

What his Polyester synthesized into?

A

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)

50
Q

Production of Polyester

A

Melt Spinning

51
Q

Physical Structure of Polyester

A

Smooth rod shaped
Circular cross-section

52
Q

Automotive upholstery, tire cords, nonwovens, fiberfill, medical- replacement veins and arteries

A

Polyester

53
Q

The process of producing fiber, yarn,or fabric stability through the use of heat.

A

Heat Setting

54
Q

The melting and flattening of yarns and fibers exposed to excess heat

A

Glazing

55
Q

A bast fiber made from the stem of the bamboo; a type of rayon made from regenerated bamboo pulp.

A

Bamboo

56
Q

A generic subclass of an elastic olefin

A

Lastol

57
Q

A finish designed to minimize the effect of atmospheric pollutants on dyes

A

Fume Fading

58
Q

A fiber that is at least 96% pure carbon

A

Carbon Fibers

59
Q

Propylene by-product in petroleum industry

A

Olefin

60
Q

Production of Olefin

A

Melt spun with or without colorants

61
Q

Physical Structure of Olefin

A

Rod-shaped; smooth surface
Round cross-sections

62
Q

Has the lowest melting-point

A

Olefin

63
Q

Personal hygiene products, Astro-turf

A

Olefin

64
Q

DuPont introduced fiber Orlon

A

Acrylic

65
Q

Production of Acrylic

A

Petroleum by-products
Wet or Dry Spinning

66
Q

Physical Structure of Acrylic

A

Dog-bone & Kidney-bean cross-sections

67
Q

Softest synthetic fiber

A

Acrylic

68
Q

Wigs, children’s sleepwear

A

Modacrylic

69
Q

A natural or synthetic polymer which at room temperature can be stretched repeatedly and will return immediately with force to its approximate original length

A

Elastomer

70
Q

Oldest elastomer and least expensive

A

Rubber

71
Q

Physical Structure of Rubber

A

Round or Rectangular cross section

72
Q

Production of Spandex

A

Wet or dry spinning

73
Q

Chemical and heat resistant fiber

A

Asbestos

74
Q

Used in protective apparel and as a filter fabric

A

Novoloid

75
Q

Christmas trees

A

Vinyon

76
Q

Acetate

A

Man-made cellulosic

77
Q

Rayon

A

Cellulosic

78
Q

Lyocell

A

Cellulosic

79
Q

Triacetate

A

Cellulosic

80
Q

Azlon

A

Protein

81
Q

Acrylic

A

Synthetic

82
Q

Anidex

A

Synthetic

83
Q

Aramid

A

Synthetic

84
Q

Elastoester

A

Synthetic

85
Q

Fluoropolymer (PTFE)

A

Synthetic

86
Q

Lastol

A

Synthetic

87
Q

Lastrile

A

Synthetic

88
Q

Melamine

A

Synthetic

89
Q

Modacrylic

A

Synthetic

90
Q

Novoloid

A

Synthetic

91
Q

Nylon

A

Synthetic

92
Q

Nytril

A

Synthetic

93
Q

Olefin

A

Synthetic

94
Q

PBI

A

Synthetic

95
Q

PLA

A

Synthetic

96
Q

PEN

A

Synthetic

97
Q

Polyester

A

Synthetic

98
Q

Rubber

A

Synthetic

99
Q

Saran

A

Synthetic

100
Q

Spandex

A

Synthetic

101
Q

Sulfar

A

Synthetic

102
Q

Vinal

A

Synthetic

103
Q

Vinyon

A

Synthetic

104
Q

Glass

A

Mineral

105
Q

Metallic

A

Mineral

106
Q

Graphite

A

Mineral

MAT 120 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions