Exam 2 Flashcards
Ginglymus Joint
hinge joint
At what degree does the elbow unlock?
Flexion of ~20 degrees
What ligaments is stability dependent on when in flexion?
Radial collateral and ulnar collateral
What ligament is replaced in Tommy John surgery?
Ulnar collateral ligament
Does the UCL provide medial or lateral support?
Medial Support
Does RCL provide medial or lateral support?
Lateral Support
3 portions of the UCL do what?
Cover the full range of motion
Annular Ligament
A unique ligament that does not attach to the radius it originates and inserts on the ulna wrapping around the radius
Nursemades elbow
Dislocation of the radial head from the annular ligament
How do we maximize the space between the radial head and the humorous (where are we most vulnerable for nursemaids elbow)
When in elbow extension and pronation
Elbow Flexors
-Biceps Brachii
-Brachialis
-Brachioradialis
-Pronator teres
Elbow Extensors
-Triceps brachii
-Anconeus
Radioulnar Pronators
-Pronator teres
-Pronator quadratus
-Brachioradialis
Radioulnar supinators
-Biceps brachii
-Supinator muscle
-Brachioradialis
Tennis Elbow
lateral epicondylitis
Golfer’s Elbow
medial epicondylitis
As you increase load the carpal bones ____ stability
increase
What are the 3 joints in the fingers?
MCP, PIP, DIP
What nerve is pinched in carpal tunnel?
Median Nerve
The thumb has what other joint?
Carpometacarpal joint
What are the regions of the spinal cord?
7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacrum
4 coccyx
C1
Atlas
C2
Axis (has a spinous process)
What is the joint called where the axis and atlas meet?
Atlantoaxis joint
Lumbar lordosis
Cervical and lumbar region curves anterior
Thoracic kyphosis
Thoracic and sacral curve posteriorly
What are the functions of lordosis and kyphosis?
Better accommodate pressure of forces
What’s the joint that attaches the atlas and your occipital bone?
Atlantooccipital joint
What movement does the atlantooccipital joint allow us to do?
Shaking head yes flexion and extension
What movement does the atlantoaxial joint allow us to do?
Shake head no cervical rotation
How many ribs are true?
7
How many ribs are false?
5
What limits our ability to hyperextend our spine?
Primarily because of our spinous process
Erector spinae muscles
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis
Iliac crest tilts forward in a Sagittal plane
anterior tilt
iliac crest tilts backwards in a sagittal plane
posterior tilt
When there is a right lateral rotation what happens to the spine, left hip and right hip?
spine-left lateral flexion
right-abduction
left-adduction
When there is a right transverse rotation what happens to the spine, left hip and right hip?
spine-left transverse rotation
right-internal rotation
left-external rotation
How many muscles cross the hip and the knee?
seven muscles
Anterior primary hip flexor muscles
iliopsoas
pectinous
rectus femoris
sartorius
Medial primary hip adduction muscles
adductor brevis
adductor longus
adductor Magnus
pectineus
gracilis
posterior primarily hip extension muscles
gluteus maximus
biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
external rotators
lateral primarily hip abduction muscles
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
external rotators
tensor fasciae latae
What are the two regions of the pelvic girdle?
Iliac region and gluteal region
Anterior compartment primarily knee extensors
Rectus femoris
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
vastus lateralis
sartorius
Posterior compartment primarily knee flexors (hamstring)
biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
medial compartment primary adductors
adductor brevis
adductor longus
adductor magnus
pectinous
gracilis
tight hip flexors causes
excessive lordosis
tight hamstrings
excessive kyphosis
hip external rotators
gluteus medius and 6 deep external rotators
hip internal rotators
gluteus minimus
gluteus medius
tensor fasciae latae
hip flexors
Iliopsoas
Rectus Femoris
Pectineus
Sartorius
Tensor Fasciae Latae
hip extensors
Gluteus Maximus
Biceps Femoris (Long Head)
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
hip abductors
Gluteus Medius
-Tensor Fasciae Latae
-Gluteus Maximus
-Gluteus Minimus
hip adductors
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Longus
Adductor Magnus
Gracilis
Largest joint in the body
Knee joint
Does the lateral or medial part of the tibia hold the majority of the weight?
Medial
What muscles insert at the pea anserine
Sartorius
Gracilis
Semitendinosus
What do menisco do?
Lubricate joint
Deepen tibial fossa
Enhance stability
Reduce stress
Knee joint and type
Tibiofemoral joint
Hinge
Patellofenoral joint
Gliding joint
Ligaments of the knee
ACL
PCL
MCL
LCL
What is the capsule of the knee?
The synovial cavity
Anterior compartment of the knee muscles
Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis
Muscles posterior compartment of the knee
Biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Sartorius
Gracilis
Popliteus
Gastrocnemius
Knee extension muscles
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis
Knee flexion muscles
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Knee internal rotation muscles
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Popliteus
Knee external rotation muscles
Biceps femoris
