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Kinesiology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

As ROM increases, stability ___

A

Decreases

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2
Q

Why does the shoulder have a large ROM?

A
  1. Shallow ball-&-socket joint
  2. Joint capsule & ligaments are lax
  3. Small cross sectional area of the muscle
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3
Q

Shoulder Impingement is because of what two things?

A
  1. Overuse and inflammation of supraspinatus
  2. Movement decreases subacromial space
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4
Q

For every __ degree(s) of shoulder girdle movement, the shoulder joint moves __ degree(s)

A

1:2

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5
Q

Shoulder joint :Abduction

A

Shoulder Girdle: Upward rotation

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6
Q

Shoulder Joint: adduction

A

Shoulder girdle: downward rotation

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7
Q

Shoulder joint: flexion

A

Shoulder girdle: elevation/ upward rotation

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8
Q

Shoulder joint: extension

A

Shoulder girdle: depression/downward rotation

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9
Q

Shoulder joint: internal rotation

A

Shoulder girdle: protraction

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10
Q

Shoulder joint: external rotation

A

Shoulder girdle: retraction

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11
Q

Shoulder joint: Horizontal Abduction

A

Shoulder girdle: retraction

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12
Q

Shoulder joint: horizontal adduction

A

Shoulder girdle: protraction

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13
Q

What muscles in the shoulder girdle elevate the scapula

A

Rhomboids, Trapezius (upper and middle), levator scapulae

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14
Q

What muscles in the shoulder girdle do depression of the scapula?

A

Trapezius(lower), and pectoralis minor

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15
Q

What muscles in the shoulder girdle do retraction

A

Rhomboids and trapezius( middle and lower)

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16
Q

What muscles in the shoulder girdle do protraction?

A

Serratus anterior, and pectoralis minor

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17
Q

What muscles in the shoulder girdle do upward rotation?

A

Trapezius (middle and lower) and serratus anterior

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18
Q

What muscles in the shoulder girdle do downward rotation?

A

Rhomboids and pectoralis minor

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19
Q

Isokinetics

A

A type of dynamic exercise using concentric and/or eccentric muscle contractions

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20
Q

Collagen

A

Provides flexibility and strength to resist tension in bones

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21
Q

What does the skeleton do?

A

-protection
-support and maintain posture
-protection of internal organs
-storage of minerals
-hematopoiesis

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22
Q

T/F longer muscles and shorten through greater range and are more efficient in moving joints through large ranges of motion

A

True

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23
Q

Kinesthesis

A

The conscious awareness of the position and movement of the body in space

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24
Q

If the ___ plane runs medial to lateral, than it’s axis must run from front to back

A

Frontal

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25
Q

Extensibility

A

The ability of muscle to be passively stretched beyond its normal resting length

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26
Q

Stabilizer muscles

A

They are essential in establishing a relatively firm base for the more distal joints to work from when carrying out movements.

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27
Q

GH flexion agonists

A

anterior deltoid and upper pectoralis major

28
Q

GH extension agonists

A

teres major, latissimus dorsi, lower pectoralis major

29
Q

Intrinsic GH muscles

A

deltoid, coracobrachialis, teres major and subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

30
Q

Extrinsic GH muscles

A

latissimus dorsi

31
Q

Deltoid muscle anterior fibers do

A

abduction, flexion, horizontal adduction, and internal rotation

32
Q

deltoid muscle middle fibers do

A

abduction

33
Q

deltoid muscles posterior fibers do

A

abduction, extension, horizontal abduction and external rotation

34
Q

pectoralis major upper fibers (clavicular head) do

A

internal rotation, horizontal adduction, flexion, abduction, and adduction

35
Q

pectoralis major lower fibers (sternal head) do

A

internal rotation, horizontal adduction, extension, and adduction

36
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

adduction, extension, internal rotation, horizontal abductor, depression of shoulder

37
Q

teres major muscle

A

extension, internal rotation, adduction

38
Q

coracobrachialis muscle

A

flexion, adduction, horizontal adduction

39
Q

subscapularis muscle

A

internal rotation, adduction, extension, stabilization of humeral head

40
Q

supraspinatus

A

abduction and stabilization of humeral head

41
Q

infraspinatus

A

external rotation, horizontal abduction, extension, stabilization of humeral head

42
Q

teres minor

A

external rotation, horizontal abduction, extension, stabilization of humeral head

43
Q

GH abduction agonist

A

deltoid, supraspinatus, upper pectoralis major

44
Q

GH adduction agonist

A

latissimus dorsi, teres major, lower pectoralis major

45
Q

GH internal rotation agonists (all attached anteromedially on humerus)

A

latissimus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis, pectoralis major

46
Q

GH external rotation agonists (attached posteriorly on greater tubercle)

A

infraspinatus and teres minor

47
Q

GH horizontal abduction agonists

A

posterior deltoid, middle deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor

48
Q

GH horizontal adduction agonists

A

anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, coracobrachialis

49
Q

rhomboids

A

retraction, downward rotation and elevation

50
Q

trapezius upper fibers

A

elevation

51
Q

trapezius middle fibers

A

elevation, retraction, upward rotation

52
Q

trapezius lower fibers

A

retraction, upward rotation, depression

53
Q

levator scapulae

A

elevation

54
Q

serratus anterior

A

protraction and upwards rotation

55
Q

pectoralis minor

A

protraction, downward rotation and depression

56
Q

subclavius muscle

A

stabilization and protection of sternoclavicular joint

57
Q

what are skeletal muscle functions?

A

movement
protection
posture and support
body heat

58
Q

Parallel muscles have a ___ rom and a ____ force production

A

large, small

59
Q

Pennate muscles have a ___ rom and a ____ force production

A

small, large

60
Q

Irritability or excitability

A

property of muscle being sensitive or responsive to chemical, electrical, or mechanical stimuli

61
Q

Contractility

A

ability of muscle to be passively stretched beyond its normal resting length

62
Q

Elasticity

A

ability of muscle to return to its original length following stretching

63
Q

kinethesis

A

awareness of position

64
Q

proprioception

A

mechanism to maintain posture

65
Q

synarthrodial joints

A

immovable joints

66
Q

amphiarthrodial joints

A

slightly moveable joints

67
Q

diarthrodial (synovial joints)

A

moveable joints

Kinesiology (3 decks)

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