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RELIGION 1001 > EXAM 2 > Flashcards

EXAM 2 Flashcards

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Religion Crash Course flashcards
1
Q

what does Christianity see God as?

A

The Holy Trinity

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2
Q

trinity

A

one God existing in three persons, Father, Son, Holy Spirit

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3
Q

does the term trinity appear in the Bible?

A

no

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4
Q

how do Jews and Islams view the Trinity

A

blasphemy because it confuses Monotheism

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5
Q

Jesus’ timeline

A

6 BCE- 30 CE

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6
Q

Christ of faith

A

Jesus as preached or taught by the church

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7
Q

incarnation

A

The God of Israel became a human being in flesh in Jesus

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8
Q

what did Jesus say was the most important commandment

A

“love God with whole being and live thy neighbor as thyself”

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9
Q

two names for God

A

merciful daddy- repent and open arms
righteous judge- refused to repent and open arms

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10
Q

synoptic gospels

A

similar view- matthew mark luke

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11
Q

4 messages of Jesus

A

kingdom of God, relationship with God, ethics, love for God and other peopel

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12
Q

Christology

A

The nature and work of Jesus Christ

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13
Q

what does Christianity say about Christ

A

He is fully human and divine

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14
Q

how did the Disciples take the death of Jesus?

A

by surprise because to their knowledge the Messiah was not supposed to die- reign supreme

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15
Q

justificatioin that the Romans killed Jesus

A

they believed His goal was to overthrow the Romans and start a revolt

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16
Q

how did Jesus die?

A

by Roman style of execution- crucifixion

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17
Q

justification that Jewish leaders killed Jesus (traditional Christian perspective)

A

they thought Jesus was undermining their religious traditions and their power

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18
Q

what has the traditional view been used for?

A

excuses to exercise anti-semitic acts and massacres on Jewish people and harbor these attitudes

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19
Q

justification that both Romans and Jewish leaders killed Jesus

A

Jewish leaders saw the undermining traditions was a revolt that the Romans wanted to prevent

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20
Q

Traditional Jews thoughts on Jew-Christians

A

they were going against God’s will

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21
Q

Larger non-Jewish society’s view on Christianity

A

considered them intolerant because they only worshipped one God

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22
Q

Why were Christians viewed as cannibals

A

because they drank and ate the body of the Lord

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23
Q

Why did they fear Christians were revolutionaries?

A

because of claims such as “Jesus is Lord”

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24
Q

Why were Christians viewed as sexually immoral

A

emphasis on love and love feasts

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25
Q

what was different about the demographics of Christians?

A

they were multi-racial and multi-ethnic and found in various areas of the empire- great number of enslaved and poor people

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26
Q

persecution

A

ill-treatment

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27
Q

what did active persecution tend to be

A

sporadic, but overall atmosphere regarded Christians as outsiders

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28
Q

what was the role of apologists and martyrs

A

helped influence people to change their mind about Christianity

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29
Q

apologists

A

made logical, sometime philosophical arguments in defense of Christianity

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30
Q

martyrs

A

those who died rather than compromise Christian convictions or practices

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31
Q

an example of a apologist and martyr

A

Justin Martyr

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32
Q

what period was there a focus on Catholic/ Orthodox tradition and defining it

A

30- 500 CE

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33
Q

What happened to Christianity and Judaism over time

A

excluded each other from respective communities

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34
Q

catholic

A

emphasis of universality of faith

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35
Q

orthodox

A

emphasis on correct doctrine and practice

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36
Q

what period has american/ modern christianity

A

1600- present

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37
Q

pluralism

A

diversity and variety- positive and desirable

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38
Q

religious liberty/ freedom

A

people, as individuals and groups, should be free to practice whatever religion they choose as long as social peace stays in order

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39
Q

what role did the civil war play on religion

A

expanded idea of religious liberty

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40
Q

virginia

A

first formal colony to establish a bill to disestablish religion

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41
Q

where were the last three states to disestablish religion located

A

new england

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42
Q

who from Virginia played a critical role in this movement

A

james Madision and Thomas Jefferson

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43
Q

what colonies were also pioneers in this movement

A

rhode island and Pennsylvania

44
Q

which religious groups were instrumental in advancing religious liberty

A

baptists, quakers, and deists

45
Q

revivals

A

religious meetings designed to get people to make an on the spot commitment to the Christian faith

46
Q

when was the first great awakening

A

late 1720- 1760

47
Q

when was the second great awakening

A

mid-late 1790s- 1830

48
Q

the great awakenings/ evangelicalism were…

A

mass movement’s where people came in large numbers to hear evangelists and preachers

49
Q

what did the great awakenings/ evangelicalism establish

A

evangelism as a prominent approach to religion in the US revivalism

50
Q

evangelicalism believes each Christian should have…

A

a born again/ conversion experience

51
Q

evangelicalism believes centrality is…

A

in the Bible for authority and guidance

52
Q

evangelicalism believes one should have personal…

A

devotions and bible study

53
Q

evangelicalism people consist of

A

enthusiastic preaching and laypeople’s sharing of the faith (witnessing)

54
Q

in the past, evangelicalism emphasized

A

strict moral codes

55
Q

where has evangelicalism critically impacted

A

the American South

56
Q

there is a strong relation between

A

ethnicity/ race and American Religion

57
Q

many denominations were found by

A

African Americans (African Methodist Episcopal, National Baptist Convention, Church of God in Christ- Pentecostal)

58
Q

how have native american and black churches historically contributed to american religion

A

maintained racial identity, community, solidarity, and important vehicles for political and economic change

59
Q

american originated churches

A

forms of Christianity that that are either new or making a reappearance in history and arising first in US

60
Q

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints

A

scriptures, doctrines, and practices not recognized by other christian groups

61
Q

seventh day adventists

A

recapture some aspects of the Jewish faith (Sabbath and dietary rules)

62
Q

Jehovah’s witness

A

their form of the Bible refers to God as “Jehovah” and rejects trinity, and blood transfusions, and saluting american flag

63
Q

Christian Scientists

A

God is “divine mind” and positive mental thinking

64
Q

holiness

A

emphasizes Christian perfection and holy living- church of nazarene

65
Q

Pentecostal

A

power and gifts of Holy spirit are available to modern day Christians as they are Christians in age of apostles - church of God in Christ

66
Q

liberal/ modernist Christians

A

deemphasize literal translation of the Bible- focus more on symbolic value, values, morals, and ethics- reaosn to understand Bible

67
Q

what type of view on human nature do liberal/modernists have

A

positive

68
Q

Conservative/ fundamentalist christians

A

literal understanding of Bible- more supportive of tradition

69
Q

what type of view on human nature do conservative/ fundamentalists have

A

negative/ realistic

70
Q

how do liberal/ modernists study the Bible

A

historical/ critical method

71
Q

how do conservative/ fundamentalists study the Bible

A

not inclined to historical/ critical methods of study

72
Q

liberation theology

A

at the Heart of the Gospel is the mandate that the faithful earnestly labor to liberate or free people from structures and forces that oppress them

73
Q

what does liberation theology say is the problem with traditional christianity

A

it places too much emphasis on spiritual liberation the afterlife and insufficient to people’s material needs in this life

74
Q

what is liberation theology

A

a type of Social Gospel or Social Christianity that emphasizes the salvation of the whole person (body and soul) and active efforts to accomplish salvation through political or other involvement in society

75
Q

what did black theology do?

A

brought together the Christian commitment to justice

76
Q

who was a key representative of black theology

A

mlk jr, and james cone

77
Q

what was emphasized in black theology

A

freeing people from structural forces of racial suppression and oppression

78
Q

what did feminist theology emphasize

A

liberating women from the structures of sexism and patriarchy and the opporession o people based on their gender and sexuality

79
Q

who was an influential activist for feminist theology

A

mary daly and rosemary ruether

80
Q

womanist theology

A

fo uses on liberation of black women from racial and gender oppression and suppression

81
Q

who was an influential member of womanist theology

A

jacquelyn grant

82
Q

latin america liberation theology

A

began in south america and emphasized economic liberation

83
Q

what was an important activist in latin america liberation theology

A

gustavo gutierrez

84
Q

other name for politically conservative christianity

A

Christian rights or religious right

85
Q

what is politically conservative christianity’s base

A

politically conservative activities on its interpretation of the christian faith, with a conservative/ fundamentalist approach

86
Q

what happened in the late1800- early 1900 amoung conservative/ fundamentalists

A

politics was viewed as unsavory enterprise in which participation was a duty

87
Q

how did they sense one should change?

A

through the hearts of individual people, not through political or economic restructuring

88
Q

what happened between conservative and liberal Christians in the 1900’s

A

they took a more active interest in promoting more consistent and enthusiastic political involvement through the Christian community

89
Q

what happened between dr jerry falwell and mlk jr during the civil rights movement

A

he said that mlk should focus on pulpit and more congregation-ally related actives instead of getting involved in politics

90
Q

what year did falwell change his position on christian political involvement

A

1970s

91
Q

what did jerry falwell founded

A

moral majority

92
Q

what did pat robertson establish

A

Christian coalition

93
Q

what did king and other groups find and in what year

A

Southern Christian leadership conference in 1950s and 1960s

94
Q

what were some other developments in the modern era of religion

A

decline of denominational identification, institutional affiliation, growth of inter and non denominational religious bodies and Pentecostal and charismatic Christianity

95
Q

what type of change took place in the modern era of religion

A

greater openness to change, such as gender roles and sexual identity declined influence

96
Q

4 messages of Jesus

A

kingdom of God, relationship with God, ethics, love for God and other peopel

97
Q

atonement

A

reconcile humans with God

98
Q

parousia

A

second coming of Christ

99
Q

second founder of Christianity

A

paul, justification by faith

100
Q

apostles creed

A

150-175/ afirms that the God of the Old Testament was the one supreme God

101
Q

nicene creed

A

325- 381/ affirms concept of Trinity

102
Q

Chalcedonic formula

A

451/ affirms Jesus was fully human and fully God

103
Q

augustine bishop of hippo

A

major influence in western Christianity

104
Q

what were augustine bishop of hippos 4 major developments

A

equality of trintiy, questions of church and state, sacrements, soteriology

105
Q

what did donatists teach

A

people who has denied faith were illegitimately allowed back in the church

106
Q

what does “TULIP” standform and what reformation uses it

A

reformed- total depravity, unconditional election, limited attonment, irresistble grace, presevration of saints,

RELIGION 1001 (4 decks)

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