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hk 376 > exam 2 > Flashcards

exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

when was racial segregation and lynching in the south

A

early 20th century

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2
Q

Where did the African Americans move

A

north

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3
Q

Where was sports an important part of AA culture

A

racially segregated schools

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4
Q

What helped AA build racial respect

A

international sports

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5
Q

Who was jesse owens

A

Political, national hero, destroying Aryan superiority myth

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6
Q

what did sports emphasis

A

physical over intellectual

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7
Q

what did sports promote

A

status quo

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8
Q

what did organized sports destroy

A

spirit of play

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9
Q

what is amateurism

A

play w/o pay
not work hard to win

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10
Q

What sports went pro

A

baseball and golf

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11
Q

What helped athletes in sports like track and tennis

A

sponsorships
expense reimbursements

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12
Q

What organization gained power

A

AAU

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13
Q

When did scholarships start for college athletes

A

1960

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14
Q

When could youths start to work full time

A

14-16yrs old

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15
Q

Why did they make a law to segregate teens from work force

A

extend education for careers
16+

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16
Q

why did this work law help teens?

A

spend more time with other teens
leisure activities that were unsupervised

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17
Q

What did they think harmed traditional social restraints

A

city life
country life a virtue

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18
Q

What did muscular Christianity help

A

Build character through sports participation
Teach morals
Adult socialization
Sports
Help start ymca/ ywca

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19
Q

What were the values of muscular Christianity

A

cooperation
self discipline

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20
Q

Who is luther halsey Gulick

A

Adult directed sport movement
Evolutionary play theory
Founded NYC public schools athletic league
Playground assoc. America
Boy scouts
Campfire girls
Invented triangle symbol of ymca
Gymnastics
Help invent basketball and volleyball

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21
Q

What is the meaning of ymca

A

mind and body

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22
Q

What happened after Gulick left

A

YMCA less competitive
more participation by all males

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23
Q

who promoted the evolutionary play theory

A

Stanley hall and Gulick

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24
Q

What are the stages of evolution

A

Early childhood – primal
(infants)
Childhood- pre savage
(Indiv games)
Teens – savage
(Group)

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25
Q

Why did people need sports to move through the evolutionary stages

A

proper physical, moral, and neural development

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26
Q

What did the evolution play theory use for sports as socializing agent

A

Creased special adult run intuitions
Gave rationale for sex segration
-Males- fight and hunt
-Females – care for home and give birth

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27
Q

When and who started the public school athletic leagues

A

Gluck in 1903

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28
Q

Why did many people think immigrants youth lacked

A

moral
play
understanding American values

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29
Q

What did the public school athletic league promote

A

discipline in schools
needed teachers approval in behavior and academic performance

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30
Q

What influenced the playground movement

A

evolutionary play

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31
Q

What did the play ground leaders hate

A

Unsupervised, unstructed play
Did not reach immigrants

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32
Q

When did highschool sports increase

A

early 20th century

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33
Q

What did people think public high school sports did

A

could teach social values needed for modern life

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34
Q

How did sports heroes come to be

A

Salesmanship, journalist, radio broadcasters
Part of new pop culture
Met needs in society

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35
Q

Why did sports heroes meet needs in society

A

Sports gave clear success
Challenged stereotypes

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36
Q

Who is jack johnson

A

heavy weight boxing champion

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37
Q

Why was it hard for jack johnson to get fights

A

his race

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38
Q

What was jack johnson like out of the ring

A

spender
married white women

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39
Q

what did johnson challenge

A

white supremacy idea

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40
Q

What did the whites fear with johnson

A

Success inspired other AA to challenge white supremacy

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41
Q

Why did the AAs promote johnson

A

Intellect and physical prowess

42
Q

Why did some AA fear johnson’s behavior

A

Harmed quest to be seen as civilized not savages

43
Q

Why was babe ruth loved

A
  • Great pitcher, but better hitter
  • Popular with fans
  • Antithesis of Victorians
  • Loved children
  • Egalitarian
  • Huge earnings
44
Q

Who was Christy walsh

A
  • First modern athletic business agent
  • Organized ruth’s ventures outside baseball
45
Q

When was the golden age of boxing

A

1920

46
Q

When did the attitudes to prizefighting soften

A

after WWI

47
Q

What launched the golden age

A
  • Willard- Dempsey fight
48
Q

What was Dempsy called

A

slacker

49
Q

What did Rickard make Madison square garden in 1920

A
  • Premier sporting venue
50
Q

What was the fight of the century

A
  • Dempsey v. tunney
51
Q

Who was helen wills

A
  • The American girl
  • Tennis player
52
Q

Why was helen wills the American girl

A
  • Hard hitting
  • Feminine
  • Good behavior
53
Q

How did helen wils pioneered new version of athletic women

A
  • Balance “masculine” qualities of force
  • Aggression on court
54
Q

Why was helen wills not criticized

A
  • Tennis was considered feminine
  • Downplayed her devotion
  • Loved attractive clothes
  • Married
55
Q

What were the factors making baseball a dominant American sports in the early 1900

A
  • Promoted doubleday
  • Establish world series
  • Gave folks with diff. backgrounds common bond
  • People familiar with baseball
  • Rationality of rules
  • Unique characters
56
Q

How did the pitcher rules change

A

Dead ball era
-Bigger home plate
-First 2 balls are strikes

57
Q

who is Ty cobb

A
  • highest lifetime batting avg
  • high drive to succeed
  • short temper
  • teammates did not like him
  • people love to see him play
58
Q

What were some of the owner’s challenges

A
  • Avoid direct competition among franchises for players
  • Prevent formation of big rival leagues
  • Restrict total number of big league teams
  • Keep salary cost under control
  • National agreement 1903
  • Reserve clause
59
Q

What was the black sox scandal

A
  • 1919 world series fixed
  • 8 players accused of taking money to throw series
60
Q

What was the result of the black sox scandal

A
  • National agreement 1921
  • One commissioner
61
Q

how did the anti trust act help MLB

A
  • hitting revolution
  • good completion
  • pay more
  • mlb had exemption since 1922
62
Q

What cities had the best mlb record

A
  • Large cities
  • Drew more fans
  • Made more money
63
Q

What is the exception of the team dynasites

A
  • St. louis cardinals
  • Gm brach richey
  • Farm system
64
Q

Why were the AA kept from major leagues

A
  • Gentlemen’s agreement
65
Q

Who is satchell paige

A
  • Most famous negro league players
  • Very talented pitcher
66
Q

Latin American players for racial dichotomy

A
  • Lighter skin latins could clain European credential
  • Skin color too dark could not play
67
Q

When did baseball suffer

A
  • During great depression and WWII
68
Q

How did they attempt to gain fans

A
  • All star games
  • Hall of fame
  • Relaxed restriction on radio broadcast
69
Q

What did football provide

A
  • Release from daily chores
  • Shared ID
70
Q

What was the cause of the age crisis of football

A
  • Upper class whites
  • American collegians
  • Recruited best athletes not academics
  • Hired pro coaches
71
Q

What were the magazine printing about football players

A
  • Not gentlemen
  • Role of money
  • Plots to knock out key opponents
72
Q

What were some of the changes to FB rules

A
  • 10 yrs for 1st down
  • 4 downs
  • More liberal passing rules
73
Q

What were some of the changes to FB rules

A
  • 10 yrs for 1st down
  • 4 downs
  • More liberal passing rules
74
Q

What was the king of football

A
  • Increase in attendance
  • Lots of media coverage
  • Testing ground for masculinity
  • Evoked communal pride and ID
  • Expressed reginal conscious
  • Drew strong almni support
  • Help build colleges
75
Q

What were local community ID threatened

A
  • National consumerism
  • Nationalization by media
  • Growing pluralism
  • White collar nationalization
  • Growing secularization
76
Q

When was the rise of women sports

A
  • 1910-1920
77
Q

Who is babe Didrikson

A
  • Play track golf and basketball
78
Q

Why did babe Didrikson struggle

A
  • De emphasized traditional femineity
  • Called muscle moll
79
Q

Who was hazel walker

A
  • Started Arkansas travelers
  • Strategy of apology
80
Q

What was different about AA colleges vs. white colleges

A
  • They nurtured female sport participation
  • Emphasized lady like conduct
81
Q

Who is Cleveland abbott

A
  • Formed and coached Tuskegee women’s team
82
Q

Who is alice coachman

A
  • First AA women to win gold
83
Q

Who started the AAGPBL

A
  • Philip K. Wrigley
84
Q

What caused the decline in women’s sports

A
  • Opposed by white female physical educators
  • Not focus on elits
  • Avoid scandals in men’s sports
  • Decrease spending after WWII
  • Migrations
  • Cold war
85
Q

Why did redefining race start

A
  • Increased due to transport and communication improvements
86
Q

What is sports meanings

A
  • Build good will among nations through friendly competition
  • Build patriotic fervor
  • Show off national “prowess” via impressive events or athlete triumphs
87
Q

When and where was the first Olympic games

A
  • 1896 and Greece
88
Q

When did US serious participate in the olympics

A
  • 1908
89
Q

Who was the AAU head

A

-James E. Sullivan

90
Q

What was the purpose of US participant in 1908

A
  • To win
91
Q

Who is jim Thorpe

A
  • American Olympic legend
  • Sac and fox Indian
  • 1912 olympics
  • Got his medals taken away
92
Q

Who is jim Thorpe

A
  • American Olympic legend
  • Sac and fox Indian
  • 1912 olympics
  • Got his medals taken away
93
Q

What happened to the 1916 olympic games

A
  • Cancelled due to WWI
94
Q

What was the 1924 olympics known for

A
  • Showcased selves to world
95
Q

What was the 1932 olympics

A
  • LA, Hollywood
96
Q

What was the 1936 olympics

A
  • Berlin
  • Show off german govt and society
97
Q

Who was pro for attending the 1936 olympics

A
  • Avery Brundage
  • AOC
  • Had nazi friends
98
Q

Who was against for attending the 1926 olympics

A
  • Jeremiah mohoney
  • AAU
99
Q

Who was joe louis

A

Brown bomber
- Like owens
- Prizefighter

100
Q

What were the opportunities joe louis had

A
  • Boxing pro
  • Could make a living
101
Q

What were the challenges joe louis had

A
  • In jack johnson’s shadow
102
Q

What was joe louis response to his struggles

A
  • Mentored in behavior
  • Never smiled in ring
  • Not be photographed with white women

hk 376 (4 decks)

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