Exam 2 Flashcards
what are monosaccharides
1 sugar molecule, either pentose (5 carbon sugar) like arabinose, ribose, xylose, or hexoses (6 carbon sugars) like fructose, galactose. glucose
what are disaccharides
2 sugar molecules, like cellbiose, lactose, maltose, sucrose
what are polysaccharides
multiple sugar molecules, pentosans (pentose sugars) araban, xylan, hexosans ( hexose sugars) cellulose, glycogen, starch
what are mixed polysaccharides
gums, hemicellulose, pectins
what are the thirteen amino acids
arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, trytophan, valine, taurine; glycine, glutamic acid, proline for poultry
what are the 3 essential fatty acids that must be included in diets
linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic
what is the flow of energy
gross energy, fecal energy, digestible energy, urianary and gaseous energy, metaolizable energy, heat increment, heat of fermentation, net energy, net energy maintenance, net energy production
how do you find the digestible/ metabolizable/ net energy of the feed
percent of energy loss as a decimal x gross energy intake/ day
how do you find the net energy for production of the feed
net energy for maintenance as a decimal x gross energy intake, then NE - NE maintenance
how do you find the net energy for mainenance as a percentage of net energy of this feed
NE maintenance/ NE x 100
what is the key function of carbohydrates
provide animals with energy, easily digestible
what is the key function of fats
energy and essential fatty acids
what is the key function of proteins
components of lean tissue, enzymes, hormones, body metabolites
what is the key function of minerals
skeleton system, extracellular
what is the key function of vitamins
antioxidant, bone, blood
what feedstuffs are excellent sources of carbohydrates
forages, silage, hay, corn, wheat
what feedstuffs are excellent sources of fats
tallow, lard, horse fat, vegetable oil
what feedstuffs are excellent sources of CP
oilseed meal (soybean meal, cottonseed meal)
what feedstuffs are excellent sources of minerals
calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, oyster shell, limestone, mineral premix
what feedstuffs are excellent sources of vitamins
liver meal, fish oil, vitamin premix
Calculate the daily ME requirements for a dairy cow weighing 650 kg and producing 36
kg of milk per day if ME for maintenance = 17.29 Mcal/day and ME for lactation = 1.24
Mcal/kg of milk
maintenence need = 17.29 Mcal/day
lactation need: 1.24 Mcal/kg of milk x 36 kb milk = 44.64
17.29 + 44.64 = 61.93 kcal/day
= 61.93 kcal/day
Calculate the daily DM intake for this cow to meet daily ME requirements if the ME
content of the feed is 2.75 Mcal/kg DM
61.93 mcal/day/ 2.75 Mcal/day = 22.52 kg DM
what functions are from net energy in animals and poultry
growth, wool, hair, perform, work, pregnancy, feathers, egg productions