Exam #2 Flashcards
Stereotyping
One assumes that all members of a culture, ethnic group or race act alike.
Includes:
-ageism
-racism
-sexism
Cultural imposition
Belief that someone should conform to your own belief system
Cultural blindness
When one ignores differences and proceeds as though they do not exist
Cultural Conflict
People become aware of cultural differences, feel threatened and respond by ridiculing the beliefs and traditions of others
Cultural assimilation
When a minority group lives within a dominant group, many members may lose the cultural characteristics that once made them different
They take on the values of the dominant culture.
Culture shock
When a person is placed in a different culture that he or she perceives as strange
Result in:
-psychological discomfort
Ethnocentrism
The belief that the ideas beliefs and practices of one’s own culture are superior to those of anothers’
Physiologic variations
Certain racial and ethnic groups are more prone to certain diseases and conditions
Reactions to pain
May be culturally influenced
(Pain is weakness)
(Some cultures encourage open expressions of pain)
Mental Health
Many ethnic groups have their own norms and accepable patterns of behavior for psychological well-being
Different normal psychological reaction to certain situations
biological sex roles
Man is dominant in most cultures, knowing who is dominant in the family is important!
Health disparities
Health differences or gap between groups of people
They can affect how frequently a disease affects a group, how many people get sick, or how often the disease causes death
Interpreters
-use facility approved interpreters
DO NOT ALLOW FAMILY/FRIENDS TO INTERPRET
Nonverbal
Use nonverbal communication with cation because it may have a different meaning to the client depending on their culture
Apologize
Apologize if cultural traditions or beliefs are violated
Family patterns & Gender roles
Communicate with and include the person who has the authority to make decisions in the family
Clinical reasoning
Refer to ways of thinking about patient care issues
-determining
-preventing & managing patient problems
Clinical Judgement
Refers to the result (outcome) of critical thinking or clinical reasoning
-conclusion
-decision
-opinion
That you made
Nursing process
-assess
-diagnose
-plan
-implement
-evaluate
** A.D.P.I.E. **
(Systemic) Characteristics of the nursing process
Each nursing activity is part of an ordered sequences of activities
-each activity depends on the accuracy of the activity that precedes it and influences the actions that follow.
(Dynamic) Characteristics of the nursing process
The nursing process is presented as an orderly progression of steps
Great interaction and overlapping among the 5 steps
(Intrapersonal) Characteristics of the nursing process
The nursing process insures that nurses are person centered rather than task oriented
(Outcome oriented) Characteristics of the nursing process
Nurses and patients work together to identify specific outcomes related to health, to determine which outcomes are most important to the patient and match them with appropriate nursing actions
Universally applicable in nursing situations
Mastering the nursing process gives you a valuable tool you can use with ease in any nursing situation
Assessment
Gather data that you will use to draw conclusions about the clients health status
Diagnosis
(Analysis)
Identify the clients health needs (usually stated in the form of a problem) based on careful review of your assessment data
-analyze all your data
-synthesize/cluster info
-hypothesize about you clients health status
Planning outcomes
Making decisions about goals for your care, the client outcomes you want to achieve through your nursing activities
Outcomes will drive your choice of interventions
Planning Interventions
Developing a list of all possible interventions based on our nursing knowledge and then choosing the most likely to help the client achieve the stated goals.
Implementation
Plan in action
evaluation
Determine if the goals were met, partially met, or not met.
Initial assessment
Performed shortly after patient admitted. Establish a complete database for problem identification and care planning.
-The nurse collects data concerning all aspects of the patient’s health, establishing priorities for ongoing focused assessment and creating a reference baseline for future comparison
Focused assessment
Data gathered about a specific problem that has already been identified. Routinely part of ongoing data collection
Emergency Assessment
When a person presents with a psychological or physiologic crisis
IDENTIFY LIFE THREATENING PROBLEMS
Time-Lapsed assessment
Periodic assessments usually in long-term care. To reassess their health status and to make necessary revisions to the care plan.