EXAM 2

Question 1

Carbohydrates

Answer 1

Stored primarily as muscle and liver glyc

Question 2

Glycolysis

Answer 2

Metabolism of glucose molecule to pyruvate or lactate to produce energy.

Question 3

Gluconeogenesis

Answer 3

Formation of glucose-6-phosphate from noncarbohydrate sources (glycerol, pyruvate and lactate)

Question 4

Glycogenolysis

Answer 4

Breakdown of glycogen to glucose for use as energy

Question 5

Glycogenesis

Answer 5

Conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage until needed.

Question 6

Lipogenesis

Answer 6

Conversion of carbohydrates to fatty acids

Question 7

Lipolysis

Answer 7

Decomposition of fat

Question 8

Control of blood glucose is under two major hormones:

Answer 8

Insulin and Glucagon

Question 9

Insulin

Answer 9

Only hormone that decreases glucose levels- hypoglycemic agent

Question 10

Glucagon

Answer 10

Responsible for increasing glucose levels- hyperglycemic agent

Question 11

Epinephrine

Answer 11

Inhibits insulin secretion

Question 12

Glucocorticoids

Answer 12

Primarily cortisol, decrease intestinal entry into cells and increases gluconeogenesis, liver glycogen, and lipolysis.

Question 13

Growth Hormone

Answer 13

(Somatotropin) increases glycolysis and decreases cell entry.

Question 14

ACTH

Answer 14

Stimulate the release of cortisol

Question 15

Thyroxine

Answer 15

(T4) increases glycogenolysis, gluconeogensis, and intestinal absorption of glucose.

Question 16

Somatostatin

Answer 16

Inhibition of insulin, glucagon, growth hormone, and other hormones

Question 17

Glycated hemoglobin

Answer 17

Chemically stable conjugate of any form of hemoglobin with glucose`

Question 18

Glucose molecule attaches

Answer 18

Non-enzymatically to hemoglobin to form ketoamine; rate of formation directly proportional to plasma glucose concentration.