Exam #2 Flashcards
Bacteria
Single cell microorganisms
Viruses
Smallest microorganism known to cause infectious diseases
Fungi
Includes yeasts and molds
Superficial fungal
Affect the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nails
Intermediate fungal
Inflammatory lesion under the skin
Systemic fungal
Infect deep tissues and organs
Rickettsiae
Resembles bacteria and viruses. Can not survive outside another living species,
Protozoans
Single cell animals classified according ability to move
Mycoplasmas
Like cell walls they infect the surface of the lining of the GI tract, GU tract, and respiratory tract
Helminthis
Infectious worms
Prions
Proteins retaining no nucleic acid. When prions mutate they become infectious agents leading to disorders.
Physical sterilization
Destruction of microorganisms and spores using radiation, heat, boiling water, free flowing steam, dry heat, and steam under pressure
Physical sterilization
Destruction of microorganisms and spores using radiation, heat, boiling water, free flowing steam, dry heat, and steam under pressure
Chemical sterilization
Both. gas and liquid chemicals are used to sterilize. Gas sterilization is a traditional method for destroying microorganisms if heat moisture is likely to damage items.
Communicable diseases
Transmitted from one source to another by infectious bacteria or viral organisms
Contagious diseases
Communicable diseases that can spread rapidly among individuals in close proximity to eachother
Community acquired infections
Those that are not present or incubating prior to care provided by health care providers
Health care associated infections
Acquired within a health care facility
Infection
A condition that results when microorganisms cause injury to a host
Colonization
A condition where microorganisms are present, but the host does not manifest any signs or symptoms of infection
Standard precautions
Interacting with a typical patient
Transmission
Patients with visible sickness, wounds, secretions, transible disease transmitted through air
Airborne precautions
Reduces the risk for transmitting pathogens that remain infectious over long distances when suspended in the air
Droplet
Block infecttious pathogens within the moist droplets. Used to reduce pathogen transmission usually 3ft or less. Microorganisms carried on droplets commonly exit the body during coughing, sneezing, talking, and procedures such as airway suctioning.
Contact
Block the transmission of pathogens by direct or indirect contact. Direct contact involves skin to skin. Indirect contact involves touching a contaminated object in the client’s environment
