Exam 2

Question 1

Parturition

Answer 1

The act or process of giving birth.

Question 2

Stages of child birth

Answer 2

Dilation of the cervix
Descent and emergence of the baby
Expulsion of the placenta

Question 3

Electronic fetal monitoring

Answer 3

Mechanical monitoring of the fetal heartbeat during labor and delivery.

Question 4

Cesarean delivery

Answer 4

Delivery of the baby by surgical removal from the uterus (happens when mom can’t give normal birth, or if there are complications).

Question 5

Natural or prepared childbirth

Answer 5

Method of childbirth that seeks to reduce or eliminate the use of drugs, enable both parents to participate fully, and control perceptions of pain.

Question 6

Doula

Answer 6

mentor who furnishes emotional support and information for a women during labor.

Question 7

neonatal period

Answer 7

First 4 weeks of life, a time of transition from intrauterine dependency to independent existence

Question 8

Neonate

Answer 8

newborn baby - 4 weeks old

Question 9

Neonatal skin conditions

Answer 9

Blue coloring
Milia
stork bites
Mongolian skin 
Erythema toxicum 
Acne neonatorum 
Strawberry hemangioma 
Port wine stain

Question 10

Anoxia

Answer 10

Lack of oxygen, which may cause brain damage.

Question 11

Neonatal jaundice

Answer 11

Condition in many newborn babies caused by immaturity of the liver and evidenced by a yellowish appearance; can cause brain damage if not treated promptly.

Question 12

Apgar scale (one minute and 5 minutes after birth)

Answer 12

Standard measurement of a newborn’s condition; it assesses appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration.

Question 13

Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) (suitable up to 2 month infants)

Answer 13

Neurological and behavioral test to measure a neonate’s responses to the environment.

Question 14

State of arousal

Answer 14

Infant’s physiological and behavioral status at a given moment in the periodic daily cycle of wakefulness, sleep, and activity.

Question 15

Low birth weight (LBW)

Answer 15

Infants who weigh less than 51⁄2 pounds (2,500 grams) at birth because of prematurity or being small-for-date.

Question 16

Preterm (premature) infants

Answer 16

Infants born before completing the 37th week of gestation.

Question 17

small-for-date (small-for-gestational-age) infants

Answer 17

Infants whose birth weight is less than that of 90 percent of babies of the same gestational age as a result of slow fetal growth

Question 18

Kangaroo care

Answer 18

Method of skin-to-skin contact in which a newborn is laid face down between the mother’s breasts.

Question 19

Postmature

Answer 19

A fetus not yet born as of 42 weeks’ gestation.

Question 20

Stillbirth

Answer 20

Death of a fetus at or after the 20th week of gestation.

Question 21

Protective factors

Answer 21

Factors that reduce the impact of potentially negative influences and tend to predict positive outcomes.

Question 22

Mother infant Bond

Answer 22

Mother’s feeling of close, caring connection with her newborn.

Question 23

Imprinting

Answer 23

instinctive form of learning in which, during a critical period in early devel- opment, a young animal forms an attachment to the first moving object it sees, usually the mother.

Question 24

Breastfeeding

Answer 24

breastfeeding gives the baby the nutrients they need to grow. it benefits the mom and the Infant in various ways.

Question 25

Reflexes

Answer 25

Automatic, involuntary, innate response to stimulation. Infants have 27 reflexes.

Question 26

Senses

Answer 26

infants ability to touch, see, smell, taste, and hear

Question 27

Plasticity

Answer 27

Modifiability of the brain through experience.

Question 28

Motor development

Answer 28

A series of milestones: achievements that develop systematically, each newly mastered ability preparing a baby to tackle the next (rolling over, crawling, walking)

Question 29

Depth perception

Answer 29

Ability to perceive objects and surfaces in three dimensions.

Question 30

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Answer 30

Sudden and unexplained death of an apparently healthy infant.

Question 31

Approaches to intelligence

Answer 31

behaviorist, psychometric, piagetian, info processing, cognitive neuroscience, and social contextual approach

Question 32

Piagets sensorimotor

Answer 32

first stage in cognitive development, during which infants learn through senses and motor activity.

Question 33

Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development

Answer 33

Standardized test of infants’ and toddlers’ mental and motor development.

Question 34

Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME)

Answer 34

Instrument designed to measure the influence of the home environ- ment on children’s cognitive growth.