exam 1.2 Flashcards
what is a special test for cranial fractures
pecussion
what is the acute management for cranial fractures
- maintain airway
- neutral sitting position
- clear jaw and c-spine
- asses for concussion
- -ice without pressure
- monitor for shock
- send to ER quickly
what are the three types of Maxiallofacial (Lefort) fractures
Type I-horizontal
Type 2- pyramaid
Type 3 transerve (craniofaical disassocaition)
what are the signs and symptoms for a Maxillofacial fracture
- Epistaxis
- Rhinorrhea
- Mal-occluded
- Mobility of teeth
- Possible diplopia
- etc.
what is the special test for a Maxillofacial fracture
Bite-down
what is the MOI for a Oribital “blowout” fracture
direct blow from a blunt object typically in baseball
what are the signs and symptoms with a blowout fracture
- recessed downward displacement of eye
- edema and ecchymosis
- numbness below eye
- diplopia
- entrapment of inferior rectus
what is the special test for a blowout fracture
-up-gaze
Entrapment of the inferior rectus will not allow eye to move upward
what does a nasal fracture involve
- separation of cartilage from nasal bone
- fracture of nasal bone
- fracture into the cranial region causing loss of CSF
what are the signs and symptoms of a nasal fracture
- obvious or non-obvious deformity
- epistaxis
- raccoon eyes
- crepitation of nose with palpation
- difficulty breathing
- deviated septum and septal hematoma
what is the special test for a nasal fracture
-percussion
what is the MOI for a dislocated jaw
-direct force to the lateral jaw
what are the signs and symptoms with a dislocated jaw
- Mal-occluded teeth
- drooling
- possible dysphasia
- possible dysphagia
where are primary teeth the most commonly displaced
maxillary and mandibular
what does injury to the primary teeth result in
displacement of teeth rather than fractures
what are the four types of dental displacements
- partial
- intrusion
- extrusion
- avulsion
true or false
if teeth can move lateral or anteriorlly should you straighten them?
true
true of false
if a tooth is intruded you should move it
false
if a tooth is dislocated what should you do with it
put it in milk or save a tooth kit, Never put in tap water
what is the managment for a mouth laceration
- rinse out mouth with water, saline, or mouthwash
- clean and apply sterile stri[s
true or false
a facial laceration can involve a fracture
true
true or false
a facial laceration can look worse then actual due to bleeding with facial injuries
true
where are facial lacerations often seen
over bony prominence like the cheek and eyebrow
when should you apply sutures with a facial laceration
if lesion is more than 1/2 - 1 inch long
