Exam 1 C-spine Injuries Flashcards
What are the two site for stenosis
Intervertebral foramen
Vertebral foramen
What are the injuries associated with intervertebral foramen stenosis
Brachial plexopathy
Radiculopathy
What are the injuries associated with vertebral foramen stenosis
Spinal cord injury
Transient paralysis
What is the normal ratio for Sagittal diameter of a canal compared to Sagittal diameter of vertebral body
1:1
What is the ratio for being classified with stenosis
Less then .8
What percent of nfl players have a Torg ratio of
30%
As Torg ratio decreases does the risk of SCI increase or decrease
Increase
True or false
Fracture/dislocation of cervical vertebrae may result in SCI
True
What is the primary MOI for catastrophic SCI
Axial loading (spearing)
True or false
Catastrophic SCI can be caused and prevented by standard equipment
False
True or false
Injuries resulting from head down contact are preventable
True
True or false
Face ask should be removed prior to transportation regardless of respiratory status
True
In which cases should a helmet be moved
- prevents immobilization of head & C-spine
- Prevents access to airway
- cannot remove facemask
What are common sports for C-spine flexion with axial load injuries
- football/rugby
- Diving
- Gymnastics/cheerleading
If an spinal injury occurs superior to C3 and C4 what could happen and what is the nerve called what is located in the area
Potentially fatal and called Phrenic nerve
what are the signs and symptoms with C-spine fracture/dislocation
- impaired sensation
- impaired motor function
- loss of bowel/bladder control
- postural rigidity
what are the four types of Cervical fractures
- Burst
- Teardrop
- Hangmans
- Compression
where does a burst fracture commonly occur and what is the MOI
at C1 and by an axial load
what does a hyperflexion teardrop fracture yeild
triangular Fx of vertebral body and avulsion of ligamentum nuchae
what does a hyperextension teardrop fracture yeild
- triangular Fx of anterior vertebral body
- very unstable
- common at C2
what is the MOI for a hangmans Fracture and what is its trait
Hyperextension and always bilateral Fx
what is the MOI for a compression fracture
axial load
true or false
Compression Fracture may cause anterior displacement of fractured vertebrae
true
what are the signs and symptoms with C-spine fracture/dislocation
- impaired sensation
- impaired motor function
- loss of bowel/bladder control
- postural rigidity
what are the four types of Cervical fractures
- Burst
- Teardrop
- Hangmans
- Compression
where does a burst fracture commonly occur and what is the MOI
at C1 and by an axial load
what does a hyperflexion teardrop fracture yeild
triangular Fx of vertebral body and avulsion of ligamentum nuchae
what does a hyperextension teardrop fracture yeild
- triangular Fx of anterior vertebral body
- very unstable
- common at C2
what is the MOI for a hangmans Fracture and what is its trait
Hyperextension and always bilateral Fx
what is the MOI for a compression fracture
axial load
true or false
Compression Fracture may cause anterior displacement of fractured vertebrae
true
what nerve does ULTT1 test
median
what nerve does ULTT2 test
radial
what is paralysis
loss of complete function
what is paresis
loss of function at limited capicity
how does the Brachial plexus branch downward
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