Exam 1 C-Spine Flashcards
what ROM for the C-spine for flexion, extension, Lateral flex, and rotation
Flexion- 45
Extension- 45
Lateral Flex- 45
Rotation- 60
whats the difference between C1 and the rest of the C spinal processes
C1 has no body and no spinous processes
what motion does the Atlanto-occiptital joint
allows flexion and extension
what are the 3 articulations of the atlantoaxial joint
- dens with anterior arch of C1
- left facet joint
- right facet joint
what is the nucleus pulposus made of
- water
- collagen
- preteoglycon
how many cerivcal vertebrae are their
7
how many pairs of cervical spinal nerves are their
8
where does the spinal nerves exit
intervertebral foramen
where does the cervical plexus run from
C1-C4
innverate cervical region
where does the brachial plexus run from
C5-T1
innervate upper extermity
what is the Myotome for C1
neck flex
what is the Myotome for C2
neck flex
what is the Myotome for C3
neck lateral flex
what is the Myotome for C4
scapular elevation
what is the Myotome for C5
shoulder abduction
what is the Myotome for C6
elbow flex and wrist ext
what is the Myotome for C7
elbow ext and wrist flex
what is the Myotome for C8
unlar devation
what is the Myotome for T1
finger add, abd, grip
what are the 5 vascular structures
- Aorta
- Carotid arteries
- Brachiocephalic trunk
- Subclavian artery
- Axillary artery
what are the three types of disc pathology
- disc derangement
- disc herniation
- degenerative disc disease
what are the four types of disc derangment
- protusion
- prolapse
- extrusion
- Sequestration
where is Degeneraive Disc Disease most common
- C5/C6
- C7/T1
what happen to the disc with degenerative disc disease
- Degradation
- Decrease in water content
- Calcification of endplates
- Loss of shock absorbency
what can cause nerve root compression
- Prolapse or herniated disc
- osteophyte causing stenosis
- excessive foward slippage of vertebral body
what are the signs and symptoms wit nerve root compression
-neurological dysfunction
true or false
Zygapophyseal joint dysfunction may be strained similar to synovial joints
false because they will be sprained
what is the MOI for Brachial Plexopathy aka Burner or Stinger
-Traction or compression of plexus
what are the signs and symptoms for brachial plexus
-sensory, motor or both
what is the special test for brachial plexopathy
Discern via neuro-tension test
Are non- contractile tissues sprained or strained
sprained
are contractile tissues sprained or strained
strained
what are two non-contractile tissues
- joint capsule
- ligaments
what are two contractile tissues
- muscles
- tendons
what is Torticollis
Head rotated and laterally
flexed to one side due to muscle spasm
what is Cervicogenic headaches caused by
joint dysfunction
between occipital bone (C0), C1, C2, & C3
with Cervicogenic headaches which joints are MOST, SECOND MOST, and LEAST common implicated
- AO joint most commonly implicated -C2/C3 second most common
- AA joint least common
what are the signs and symptoms for cervicogenic headaches
- Unilateral head pain (tends to be posterior)
- C-spine dysfunction
true or false
cervicogenic headaches effect men more then women
false it effects women more then men
what is the management for cervicogenic headaches
Thorough assessment of potential pain
generators (postural assessment – upper crossed syndrome)
