Exam

Question 1

Cranial Nerve I

Answer 1

Olfactory Nerve

• Present substance to smell (each nostril separately)
• Anosmia = inability to perceive smell
• hyposmia = decreased sense of smell

Question 2

Cranial Nerve II

Answer 2

Optic Nerve

• Standard vision tests
• visual fields (examiner moves arm, yes when seen)
• Light into eye

Question 3

Cranial Nerve III

Answer 3

Oculomotor

-look up, down, left and right on command

Question 4

Cranial Nerve IV

Answer 4

Trochlear

Question 5

Cranial Nerve V

Answer 5

Trigeminal

• swipe cotton swab around face
• stroke cornea with wisp of cotton
• jaw movements (open, bite down)

Question 6

Cranial Nerve VI

Answer 6

Abducens

Question 7

Cranial Nerve VII

Answer 7

Facial

-wrinkle head, raise eybrows, wink, keep eyelids shut, blow cheeks out, smile

Question 8

Cranial Nerve VIII

Answer 8

Vestibulocochlear
-hearing
-

Question 9

Cranial Nerve IX

Answer 9

Glossophrangeal

-soft palate, larynx, pharynx, swallow on request, gag reflex

Question 10

Cranial Nerve X

Answer 10

Vagus

-same as IX

Question 11

Cranial Nerve XI

Answer 11

Spinal Accessory

-ask to turn head to one side, push forward, shrug shoulders against resistance

Question 12

Cranial Nerve XII

Answer 12

Hypoglossal

-stick out tongue, move from side to side

Question 13

Upper motor neuron lesions

Answer 13

• no/little muscular atropy
• hyperactive deep tendon reflexes (no inhibition)
• positive bambinski sign
• weakness
• diminished/absent superficial reflex

Question 14

Lower motor neuron lesions

Answer 14

• flacid paralysis
• fasiculations
• diminished/absent deep tendon reflexes

Question 15

CT scan is best used for

Answer 15

• detection of acute brain hemorrhage

- detection of bone fractures

Question 16

DWI is best used for

Answer 16

-ischemic stroke

Question 17

fMRI best used for

Answer 17

localizing brain function

Question 18

EEG is best used for

Answer 18

• epilepsy

- detection of brain death

Question 19

DTI best used for

Answer 19

-white matter tracts

Question 20

Spinothamalic tract

Answer 20

Somatosensory pathway

• thermoreception, pain
• test= poke, poke (sharp or blunt end of pin)

Question 21

Dorsal column pathway

Answer 21

somatosensory pathway

• loacalised touch
• proprioreception
• rombergs sign
• flex and extension
• vibration sense

Question 22

Two motorpathways

Answer 22

• corticospinal

- corticobulbar