Exam # 1 Vocab Flashcards
Spinbarkeit
Clear, slippery, stretchy quality of cervical mucus during ovulation.
Oogenesis
Formation of ova or female gametes
Meiosis Vs. Mitosis
1) Meisosis - Reduction cell division in gametes that halves the number of chromosomes in each cell.
2) Mitosis - Cell division in body cells other than the gametes.
Endometrium
The uterine lining
Corpus Luteum
Graafian follicle cells remaining after ovulation. These cells produce estrogen and progesterone.
Ovulation
Release of the ovum, occurs about 14 days before a woman’s next menstrual period would begin.
Chadwick’s Sign Vs. Goodell’s Sign
1) Chadwick’s Sign - Bluish purple discoloration of the cervix, vagina and labia during pregnancy as a result of increased vascular congestion.
2) Goodell’s Sign - Softening of the cervix during pregnancy.
Braxton Hick’s Contractions (False Labor)
1) Braxton Hick’s Contractions - Irregular, usually mild contractions that occur throughout pregnancy and become stronger in the last trimester.
Striae Gravidarium
Stretch marks
Melasma (Chloasma or Mask of Pregnancy)
Brownish pigmentation of the face during pregnancy.
Diastasis Recti
Separation of the rectus abdominis muscles during pregnancy.
Amenorrhea
The absence of menstruation.
Tenesmus
Ineffective, painful, or continuous urge to deficate.
Achalasia (An ultrashort segment of Hirschsprung Disease)
Failure of smooth muscle fibers of the GI tract to relax, resulting in functional obstruction and difficulty in passage of food and chyme along the tract.
Decidua
The endometrium during pregnancy. All except the deepest layer is shed after childbirth.
Wharton’s Jelly
Soft jelly-like substance covering the umbilical cord. It prevents obstruction caused by pressure by providing cushioning for the 2 arteries and 1 vein inside.
Gravida
The number of times a woman has been pregnant (includes current pregnancy) regardless of the duration of the pregnancy.
Para
of pregnancies that have ended at 20 or more weeks, regardless of whether the infant was born alive or was stillborn.
Term Births
Pregnancies delivered between 38 and 42 weeks of gestation.
Preterm Births
Births between 20 and 38 weeks of gestation.
Evaporation
Air drying of the skin that results in cooling (happens when infant’s skin is wet or moist).
Conduction
Movement of heat away from the body that occurs when newborns come in direct contact with objects that are cooler than their skin.
Convection
Transfer of heat from the infant to cooler surrounding air.
Radiation
Transfer of heat to cooler objects (that are not in direct contact) with the infant. Different than than conduction because conduction involves direct contact.
NonShivering Thermogenesis (NST)
The primary method of heat production in infants that involves the metabolism of brown fat to produce heat. Newborns can ⬆ heat production by 100% using NST.
Acrocyanosis
Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet caused by reduced peripheral circulation.
Kernicterus
Staining of the brain tissue caused by accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain. Bilirubin encephalopathy is the brain damage that results from these deposits.
Choanal Atresia
Blockage or narrowing of one or both nasal passages by bone or tissue.
Caput Succedaneum
An area of localized edema (crosses the suture line and is soft and should disappear in hours to days) that often appears over the vertex of the newborn’s head as a result of pressure against the mother’s cervix during labor.
Cephalhemtoma
Results when there is bleeding between the periosteum and the skull from pressure at birth (Can occur on one side or both sides but does not cross the suture line and is hard and should disappear in weeks to months).
Harlequin
Red or pink on 1/2 of the body
Milia (Sporatic dots)
Keratin filled epithelial cysts (usually on chin or nose)
Sebaceous Hyperplasia (Dots are together)
Lesions are more yellow than milia
Erythema Toxicum
Newborn rash, white or yellow papules or vesicles wit a red base.
Anencephaly Vs. Encephalocele
1) Anencephaly - A neural tube defect where only the brain stem grows and there is no brain tissue.
2) Encephalocele - A neural tube defect where the cranium does not close and the meninges protrude out of the head.
Crepitus
A grating sensation at a fracture site that occurs when ends of a broken bone move against each other.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
When the small intestines move to the chest
Mongolian Spots
Bluish gray or dark nonelevated pigmentation area over the lower back abd buttocks present at birth in some infants, (Black, hispanic, and Asian).
Hydrocele
Enlarged scrotum due to excess fluid
Hypospadias Vs. Epispadias
1) Hypospadias - Urethral opening is on the under side
2) Epispadias - Urethral opening is on the upperside
Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn
TTN is the most common etiology of neonatal respiratory distress. It is caused by retained lung fluid.
Risk Factor - Cesarean birth, asphyxia at birth, maternal analgesia, bleeding and diabetes.
Hydatidiform Mole
Abnormal growth of the placenta (molar pregnancy)
Effacement
Cervical thinning
Otalgia
Earache
Pilocarpine Iontophoresis
Sweat chloride test used to test for CF because CF patients have about 5x more chloride and sodium in their sweat than non-CF people.
Status Asthmaticus
Increasingly severe asthma that is unresponsive to vigorous treatment measures. It is considered a medical emergency because it can cause respiratory failure and death.
Ectopic Pregnancy
Implantation of fertilized ovum in any area other than the uterus; The most common site is the Fallopian tube.
Salpingectomy
Surgical removal of a Fallopian tube
Menigocele Vs. Meningomyelcele
1) Menigocele - Sac w/fluid only
2) Meningomyelcele - Sac w/fluid and spinal cord
