Exam 1 Terms Flashcards
Pain in a joint structure
Arthralgia
Puncture of a joint space with a needle and removal of fluid
Arthrocentesis
Grinding or gnashing of the teeth, usually during sleep
Bruxism
Clamping and forcing the teeth together without grinding
clenching
cracking or snapping noise in the TMJ joint because of disk and condyle incoordination
clicking
grating noise in the TMJ because of damage to the disk and articulating joint surfaces
crepitus
abnormal movement
dyskinesia
mandible in movement from side to side and forward
excursive movement
vibration or movement of a tooth when in function
fremitus
enlargement
hypertrophy
the maximum intercuspation of the mandibular and maxillary teeth
intercuspal position
tooth contact that does not allow the teeth to achieve stable interdigitation
interference
mandibular movement away from the midline; the laterotrusive side moves away from the midline in function
laterotrusion
mandibular movement toward the midline
mediotrusion
relationship of form and function
morphofunction
pain in muscle
myalgia
inflammation in a muscle
myositis
treatment that alters the occlusal contacts or mandibular position of the jaw
occlusal therapy
pathologic changes in the oral cavity as a result of occlusal forces; an occlusion producing injury
occlusal trauma
a state of morphofunctional harmony in which the forces developed during function are within an adaptive physiologic range
orthofunction
movement of the mandible outside the range of function
parafunction
an occlusion that is free of disease and dysfunction and has adapted to some physiologic changes
physiologic occlusion
the mandible in the end point of the terminal hinge closure; also called centric relation position
retruded contact position
involuntary contraction of a muscle or muscles, usually painful and intering with function
spasm
spasm in the masticatory muscles associated with a disturbance in the trigeminal nerve
trismus
made when heavy occlusal foces exceed the adaptive range in a normal periodontium, causing injury to tissues and bone
primary traumatic occlusion
made when normal occlusal forces exceed the capability of a periodontium that is already affected by periodontal disease
secondary traumatic occlusion
an area on a tooth that may prevent well-distributed stable contact between the maxillary and mandibular teeth
supracontact
why is it essential to incorporate individualized plaque biofilm control education into periodontal therapy?
because dental biofilm is the causative agent of gingival and periodontal diseases
a naturally occuring complex microbial ecosystem that adheres to teeth and oral structures and causes inflammation if left undisturbed
bacterial plaque biofilm
to initiate and continue a lifelong process of improved daily plaque biofilm removal
patient motivation
proposed the optimum characteristics of toothbrushes
Dr. Charles C Bass
this tooth brushing method is widely taught because it provides mechanical plaque biofilm removal at the gingival margin and minimizes gingival trauma
bass technique
facilitate the mechanical cleaning of proximal root surfaces and provide improved access into developmental grooves and furcations
interdental brushes
interdental stimulation “gingival massage”; it was popular for plaque control until the 1970s
rubber tip stimulators
forcing water between the teeth with a single jet or multiple jets ofpulsed beads of water
supragingival irrigation
a special soft rubber tip that permits the irrigant to be directed under the gingiva
subgingival irrigation
ability to adhere to structures in the oral environmental and be released slowly over time, enhancing the duration of effectiveness
substantivity
agents that inhibit the formation of new supragingival calculus
anticalculus agents
powered scaling device
ultrasonic instrumentation
scaling and root planning
periodontal debridement
a preventative procedure to remove local gingival irritants and includes complete calculus removal followed by root planning
prophylaxis
proposed by Loesche in 1970s; has increased understanding of periodontal disease and the use of appropriate antimicrobial agents to improve treatment
specific plaque hypothesis
root sensitivity; extreme or unexpectedly elevated response to stimuli
dental hypersensitivity
generally accepted explanation for root sensitivity; forces stimulate pain responses through open tubules that are filled with fluid
hydrodynamic theory of dental sensitivity
eyeglass mounted telescopes
loupes
allows subgingival visualization and illumination to the working field at magnifications in the range or 24 to 48 times
endoscope
the term used to refer to a lavage, or flushong, of pockets during or after periodontal debridement procedures
irrigation
This method is the simplest brushing technique , consisting of placing the bristles on the teeth and moving them back and forth
Does not focus cleaning at the gingival margin, and people who vigorously brush this way believe they have done a thorough job, even if the many areas of plaque biofilm have been missed
scrub method
This technique involves brushing the teeth the way they grow, down on the upper teeth and up on the lower teeth
roll toothbrushing method
This toothbrush method requires placement of the brush at a 45 degree angle to the tooth surface, with the bristle ends pointing away from the gingiva but toward the interproximal surfaces of the teeth
recommended the use of metal or wooden toothpicks for interproximal stimulation
charters toothbrushing method
This toothbrush method requires to fill the gingival blood vessels with oxygenated blood
Requires placement of the bristles pointing apically, but not at right angles to the gingiva, to minimize puncture
stillman toothbrushing method
This toothbrushing method is known to be easier to use particularly if they have dexterity problems
Causes hydrodynamic shearing forces of water that increase penetration of plaque removal onto the proximal surfaces
Designed specifically for access to proximal areas have shaped tips and can readily be applied to both the interproximal surfaces, when there is sufficient space, and the gingival margin
powertooth brush method
