Chapter 15- Dental Implants

Question 1

implants placed within the bone and is divided into two different types

Answer 1

endosseous implants

blade and root form

Question 2

The majority of the implants used in clinical dentistry are:

Answer 2

endosseous implants (root form type)

Question 3

Coined by Professor P.I. Branemark to describe an intimate lattice that is formed between titanium implant surfaces and bone

Answer 3

osseointegration

Question 4

Most commonly used dental implant:

Answer 4

osseointegrated root form dental implant

Question 5

Custom made cast framework that is placed beneath the periosteum over the alveolar bone. It can be used in either the maxilla or mandible. The frame rests on the jawbone, with no evidence of direct union with the bone in most cases

Answer 5

subperiosteal implant

Question 6

Implants traverse the mandible in an apicocoronal direction. They protrude through the gingival tissues into the mouth for prosthesis anchorage. Placed along the inferior border of the mandible.

Answer 6

Transosteal implants

Question 7

Implants within the bone. Divided into blade and root form types. The root form is either screw or cylinder shaped.

Provides direct osseous anchorage through formation of an intimate lattice between the implant surface and bone

Used for replacing missing teeth in partially and totally edentulous patients

Answer 7

Endosseous implants

Question 8

The growth action of bone tissue as it assimilates surgically implanted devices or prostheses to be used as either replacement parts or anchors

Answer 8

osseointegration

Question 9

Defined as allowing close contact of living cells at its surface, which does not contain leachables (molecules that seperate off the surface) that produce inflammation and which does not prevent growth and division of cells in culture

Answer 9

Biocompatibility

Question 10

Biocompatible materials are called:

Answer 10

biomaterials

Question 11

What are the different types of materials that are considered biomaterials?

Answer 11

gold
stainless steel
cobalt-chromium alloys
bioactive glasses
niobium
hydroxyapatite
tricalcium phosphate
polymers
zirconium
titanium

(NOT ALL are compatible as an implant material)

Question 12

Highly reactive yet biocompatible metal. It is the material of choice in osseointegration

Answer 12

Titanium

Question 13

Why is Titanium the material of choice for implants?

Answer 13

Because it rapidly forms a layer of surface oxides, 0.3 to 0.5 mm thick, most notably of titanium oxide, when exposed to air or fluid