Exam 1-Teresa Lecture

Question 1

Critical thinking

Answer 1

The mental process of actively +skillfully conceptualizing, applying, synthesizing, evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusion

Question 2

attributes of critical thinking ⑤

Answer 2

① reflective~

②non-based/willingness to give a fair consideration to any
idea-democratic approach, openess, an attribute- Being inquisitive

③creative, visionary

④make connections-relationships between the pieces-linking

⑤Challenges + questions the norm-look for alternative solutions- zoom, outside meetings w/covid

Question 3

Problem solving

Answer 3

-Problem/ solution

A systemaic processes which is directed toward the solution of a problem

Linear process

Question 4

Decision making-process,

Answer 4

• How to solve the problems
• process whereby appropriate alternatives are weighed t one is ultimately selected
• global process-choosing options- which one has the best outcome

Question 5

Diff between problem solving + decision making

Answer 5

→defines difference between problem solving actual decision making

There may or may not be a problem, but its always involves selecting one of several alternatives each of which may be appropriate under certain circumstances

Question 6

Major distinctions-problem solving vs- decision making

Answer 6

Both require critical thinking

① problem solving-diagnosing a problem + solving it- quick easy, Fast

②Decision making-mayormay not involve a problem; always involves choices of alternative solutions- more time consuming, complex-global inclusive process

Question 7

Theoretical approach to problem solving - 7 steps: structured process

Answer 7

①identify/define the problem

② gather data/ information

③ analyze the information

④ develop solutions (sort into orderly fashion; categorize)

⑤ select appropriate solution

⑥ implement the decision

⑦ evaluate the decision

Question 8

Strategies for problem solving ⑤

Answer 8

1 direct intervention (verbal, physical)

② indirect intervention-get the conversation going-talking/Building awareness

③ Delegation-assign responsibility

④ purposeful inaction-decide not to act-sometimes best not to do anything (Cost too much more. time or resources-Dont do it.

⑤ collaborative-group-put together

Question 9

Problem solving - questions to consider

Answer 9

① time -now much will it take

② money-now much, is the money available?

③ cooperation-who will support the solution?

④ law-can a law be changed to allow a solution

⑤ energy-is it better to expend more energy now or later - do you have the energy to do so right now?

⑥ information- is the info accurate - misinformation..ex…vaccines safety

⑦ personal-are attitudes infering with the solution? Or the team orgroup?

Question 10

Decision making-a process

Answer 10

• Use a framework model- *the nursing process is a decision making/problem solving model
• clinical decision making is a contextual, continuous t enveloping process, where data is gathered, interpreted + evaluated in order to select an evidance-based choice of action
  Ex labvalue-low potassium- give potassium-redraw till normal range
• intuition- an understanding without rational. As a Clinician becomes experianced, they observe for patterns t themes t can be differentiate between relevant t irrelevant information - if doesn’t Feel right get more information

Question 11

Decision making styles ④

Answer 11

1 Authoritative: I sayI want you to do

② consultive

③ joint Decision making

④ Delegative

Question 12

Factors Impacting Clinical decision making - individual factors

Answer 12

①age t educational level

② experience, knowledge and cue recognition,

③ hypothesis updating-nurses from hypothesis t update them

④ communication (consult o/ peer staff)

⑤ emotions t perceptions Ca nurse who is not confident will have self-doubt

Question 13

Factors impacting clinical decision making - environmental factors

Answer 13

1 task complexity increases the cognitive load on the decision maker

② time pressure

③ interruptions-med errors

④ area of specialty + profession autonomy (autonomy allows nurses to place focus on the patient which facilitates better decision making)
- know what need to do= higher level of thinking + decision making

Question 14

Structured Approach to problem solving + decision making increases Clinical reasoning

Answer 14

① trial + error

② pilot projects

③ past experiences

④ self-solving

⑤ decision tree

⑥ Fishbone

⑦ cost/benifit analysis-

⑧ scenario planning

⑨ group decision making- nominal group technique- Brainstorming

10. SwOT(strengths, weakness, opportunities, threats

Question 15

Structured approach- problem solving- Fishbone

Answer 15

All issues considered:

① management

② equipment.

③ process materials

④ environment

⑤ ppl involved
⑥ process to change

• goes into looking @ a problems
• Break down onto steps to reacha better solution

Question 16

Stumbling blocks - decision making/ problem solving

Answer 16

1 personality-low self-esteem, authoritative,

② rigidity-inFlexible management style, fear of risk taking, tunnel vision-don’t want to look other way @ in any other way.

③ preconceived ideas-starts out with the idea that one course of action is right or wrong.(fishbone)

④ group Think-group members come to think alike- Don’t want-no innovation no change/creative solution TO problems