Exam 1 Tablet Coating Flashcards

1
Q

Purposes of tablet coating

A

Protect from environment and increase stability
Mask unpleasant taste/odor
Easier swallowing
Improve product identity
Minimize cross contamination from powder dust
Improve appearance
Reduce abrasion and attrition
Modify drug release (i.e. Enteric coated)

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2
Q

Primary sugar used in sugar coating

A

Sucrose

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3
Q

Disadvantages of sugar coating

A

Skilled manpower

Protracted and tedious

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4
Q

Six main steps in sugar coating:
A. Smoothing, subcoating, color coating, sealing, polishing, printing
B. Sealing, subcoating, smoothing, color coating, polishing, printing
C. Sealing, smoothing, subcoating, color coating, printing, polishing

A

B: sealing, subcoating, smoothing, color coating, polishing, printing

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5
Q

Protects the core from water, and uses alcoholic solutions of resins such as shellac, zein, and cellulose acetate phthalate. May require more than one application

A

Sealing

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6
Q

True or False: Sugar coating often results in a 50-100% increase in weight, that occurs mainly at the subcoating step

A

True

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7
Q

________ is when a sticky coating of gelatin, acacia, and sucrose is applied to sealed tablets, followed by a dusting powder application which reduces stickiness and allows tablet buildup

A

Subcoating

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8
Q

The subcoat is formed from alternate layers of ______ ingredients and ______ components

A

Solution ingredients and powdered components

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9
Q

The tablet must be ________ out before color coating is applied, where a solution containing 60-70% sugar solids and 1-5% titanium dioxide is applied

A

Smoothed out

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10
Q

In the smoothing out process, titanium dioxide acts as a(n) ________.

A

Opacifier

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11
Q

Most critical step in the coating process, that involves multiple applications of materials that are either water-soluble dyes or water-insoluble inorganic pigments and lakes

A

Color coating

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12
Q

Water soluble dye is dissolved in ______ and applied in (small / large) quantities

A

Dissolved in syrup; applied in small quantities

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13
Q

Up to how many individual color applications may be necessary for water-soluble dyes?

A

60

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14
Q

Pigments (opaque) are _______ in syrup

A

Pigments are dispersed in syrup

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15
Q

What results from combining pigments/lakes with an opacifier such as titanium dioxide?

A

Color develops rapidly and dries faster with a thinner coat that results in a shorter processing time

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16
Q

Process used to enhance elegance with the use of a mixture of waxes (water-insoluble) and a cloth lined pan

17
Q

Spheres made of sugar and starch that mean “without equal” in French

A

Nonpareils

18
Q

How is a film coat applied?

A

Continuously by spraying coating liquid onto a moving mass of product

19
Q

Advantages of film coating

A
Minimal weight increase (2-3%)
Shorter processing time
Increased efficiency and output
Increase in flexibility and formulations
Improved resistance to chipping
20
Q

What type of coating liquids are used currently?

A

Water-based

21
Q

Materials used in film coating

A

Polymer, plasticizer, colorant, and vehicle

22
Q

What is the purpose of a plasticizer in a film coat?

A

Makes the film flexible

23
Q

Inactive ingredients in film coat

A

Crospovidone, HPMC, polethylene glycol, povidone, titanium dioxide

24
Q

True or False: Polymers on film coats must dissolve in GI fluid to allow release of drug

25
_______ ______, such as HPMC and methylcellulose, are preferred in film coating
Cellulose ethers
26
Glycerin, propylene glycol, citrate esters and phthalate esters are ________ which improves flexibility of the film and adhesion to the substrate
Plasticizers
27
Coating that remains intact in stomach, but dissolves and contents are released in intestine
Delayed release
28
Variation of coating that releases some drug into the stomach, and remainder is later released in the intestine
Repeat-action effect
29
True or False: Most enteric coatings are weak bases
False: weak acids
30
Enteric coats are (dissociated / undissociated) in the stomach
Undissociated
31
_________ polymers are commonly used in enteric coating
Pthalate
32
These coating control the release of the drug so that it is made available to the body over a prolonged period of time
Sustained release coating
33
What are common materials used for sustained release coating?
1. Mixtures of waxes and fatty acids 2. Zein 3. Shellac
34
Synthetic polymers that are commercially available as aqueous dispersions
Latexes