Exam 1 Capsules Flashcards
Advantages of hard gelatin capsules
Tasteless
Easier to swallow for some
Easily filled
What percent is the percentage of the amount of compressed tablets produced by the pharmaceutical industry?
75% compressed tablets
What is the highest percent of preferred delivery vehicle based on consumer preference?
44.2% soft elastic capsules
Primary material for capsule manufacturing?
Gelatin
USP allows the inclusion of 0.15% ______ ______ to prevent decomposition during manufacturing
Sulfur dioxide
True of False: Gelatin capsules do not protect hygroscopic substance from humidity
True because moisture can diffuse through the shell wall
How is the gelatin used in capsules obtained?
By hydrolyzing collagenous material
What type of gelatin is derived mainly from porcine skin by acid processing?
Type A
What type of gelatin is obtained from bones and animal skin by alkaline processing?
Type B
True or False: Better capsules are made using one type of gelatin for uniformity in the structure of the shell
False: Blends of both types are used to obtain desirable characteristics in the capsule
When manufacturing capsules, variation in _________ results in thicker or thinner capsule walls. This can cause the two halves to be either too tight or too loose when put together
Viscosity
What is the smallest size of capsules?
5
What is the largest size of capsules?
000
Mixtures that must be mixed with a suitable absorbent such as magnesium carbonate before filling
Eutectic
______ and ______ do not pack well in capsules
Granules and crystals
How are two incompatible drugs packaged together?
One drug is filled in a smaller capsule, that is placed inside a larger capsule containing the other drug
True or False: The weight of each capsule must be checked
True
True or False: Disintegration tests are not required for enteric coated capsules
True
Lansoprazole Delayed-Release capsules must have no more than ____% of label disintegrate in _____ minutes during the acid stage
10% in 60 minutes
Lansoprazole Delayed-Release capsules must have not less than ____% disintegrate in ____ minutes during the buffer stage
80% in 60
Soft elastic capsules (SECapsules) are made of gelatin that are slightly (thinner / thicker) than hard gelatin capsules
Thicker
Gelatin is made flexible (plasticized) by the addition of ______, ______, or a similar polyol
Glycerin, sorbitol
True or False: For formulations with an oily vehicle, SECapsules are a convenient dosage form that can be filled with liquid, paste, or powder
True
True or False: SECapsules are produced in a wide variety of shapes, while hard gelatin capsules are generally strictly oval
True
Oral SECapsules are generally made so that the seam of the shell opens to release the medication in the stomach with _____ minutes after ingestion
5 minutes
Most commonly used polymer in vegetable capsules
Hypromellose (HPMC)
What are the main advantages of HPMC capsules?
Less water than gelatin capsules, so better choice for hygroscopic drugs
Dissolution time does not change under stressful storage conditions
What are two factors that influence dissolution behaviors of HPMC capsules
pH and ionic strength (amount of salts)
What can be used in adjunct with HPMC capsules to negate the effects of pH and ionic strength on the dissolution profiles?
Gelling aids (carrageenan, gellan, gum, or pectin)
