Exam 1 Study Guide Flashcards
Absorption
Transportation of a drug from the administration site to circulation system or target cell/organ
Active transport
Movement of molecules across a membrane into an area of higher concentration by an enzyme. Uses ATP
Affinity
Drugs tendancy to latch onto receptors
Agonist
Something that causes something else to happen. TURNS THINGS ON
Antagonist
Something that blocks something from happening. TURNS THINGS OFF
Bioavailability
Amount of drug that is available for the body to use. Is effected by age, weight, diet, etc
Biotransformation
The chemical changes a substance goes through in the body.
Blood-Brain Barrier
Barrier that controls what goes in and out of the brain
Distribution
The location of various medications in organs and tissues after administration
Diffusion
Process of a molecule moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Dosage
How much, when you need to Readminister, and over what period of time
Dose
How much of a drug you’re giving
Elimination
How a medication is eliminated in the body. Urination, Respirations, GI, Sweating, etc
Excretion
Removal of unwanted material from the body
First Pass Metabolism
The amount of medication that is swallowed is less due to metabolism. Meds taken orally get metabolized by the liver.
Half-Life
Amount of time it takes for a drug to reduce to half its value.
Hypertonic Solution
Greater osmotic pressure than another fluid
Hypotonic Solution
Lower osmotic pressure than another fluid
Isotonic Solution
Causes no change. Homeostasis
Maintenance Dose
The dose of a drug to be readministered to keep a drug at a certain level in the body.
Mechanism of action
How a drug/medication affects the body
Onset of action
How quickly it takes a medicine to work
Osmosis
movement of water molecules from a solution with higher concentration to a solution with lower concentration
Pharmacodynamics
How a drug affects the body. mechanism of action, and physiological effects
Pharmacokinetics
How the body affects a drug. Absorption, distribution, excretion, metabolism.
Therapeutic index
THe window in which a medication becomes useful and when it becomes too strong.
Major electrolytes
Sodium - Conducts electrical activity
Potassium - Responds to nerves to contract muscles
Magnesium- Relaxes smooth muscle
Calcium- muscle contraction, nerve function, blood clotting, healthy bones
Elements of blood and their purpose there is 4
Plasma- Pressure & transportation
White Blood Cells - infection
Red Blood Cells - Delivers Oxygen
Platelets- Forms clots
