Exam 1 Study Guide

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

Transportation of a drug from the administration site to circulation system or target cell/organ

Question 2

Active transport

Answer 2

Movement of molecules across a membrane into an area of higher concentration by an enzyme. Uses ATP

Question 3

Affinity

Answer 3

Drugs tendancy to latch onto receptors

Question 4

Agonist

Answer 4

Something that causes something else to happen. TURNS THINGS ON

Question 5

Antagonist

Answer 5

Something that blocks something from happening. TURNS THINGS OFF

Question 6

Bioavailability

Answer 6

Amount of drug that is available for the body to use. Is effected by age, weight, diet, etc

Question 7

Biotransformation

Answer 7

The chemical changes a substance goes through in the body.

Question 8

Blood-Brain Barrier

Answer 8

Barrier that controls what goes in and out of the brain

Question 9

Distribution

Answer 9

The location of various medications in organs and tissues after administration

Question 10

Diffusion

Answer 10

Process of a molecule moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Question 11

Dosage

Answer 11

How much, when you need to Readminister, and over what period of time

Question 12

Dose

Answer 12

How much of a drug you’re giving

Question 13

Elimination

Answer 13

How a medication is eliminated in the body. Urination, Respirations, GI, Sweating, etc

Question 14

Excretion

Answer 14

Removal of unwanted material from the body

Question 15

First Pass Metabolism

Answer 15

The amount of medication that is swallowed is less due to metabolism. Meds taken orally get metabolized by the liver.

Question 16

Half-Life

Answer 16

Amount of time it takes for a drug to reduce to half its value.

Question 17

Hypertonic Solution

Answer 17

Greater osmotic pressure than another fluid

Question 18

Hypotonic Solution

Answer 18

Lower osmotic pressure than another fluid

Question 19

Isotonic Solution

Answer 19

Causes no change. Homeostasis

Question 20

Maintenance Dose

Answer 20

The dose of a drug to be readministered to keep a drug at a certain level in the body.

Question 21

Mechanism of action

Answer 21

How a drug/medication affects the body

Question 22

Onset of action

Answer 22

How quickly it takes a medicine to work

Question 23

Osmosis

Answer 23

movement of water molecules from a solution with higher concentration to a solution with lower concentration

Question 24

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 24

How a drug affects the body. mechanism of action, and physiological effects

Question 25

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 25

How the body affects a drug. Absorption, distribution, excretion, metabolism.

Question 26

Therapeutic index

Answer 26

THe window in which a medication becomes useful and when it becomes too strong.

Question 27

Major electrolytes

Answer 27

Sodium - Conducts electrical activity
Potassium - Responds to nerves to contract muscles
Magnesium- Relaxes smooth muscle
Calcium- muscle contraction, nerve function, blood clotting, healthy bones

Question 28

Elements of blood and their purpose there is 4

Answer 28

Plasma- Pressure & transportation
White Blood Cells - infection
Red Blood Cells - Delivers Oxygen
Platelets- Forms clots