exam #1 study guide

Question 1

Components of Motor Control: (3)

Answer 1

Perception, Action Cognition

Question 1

___________: higher level sensory processing areas in the ________,_______,_____ lobes

Answer 1

Interpreting
parietal, occipital, temporal

Question 2

Conceptualization occurs in the ________

Answer 2

prefrontal cortex

Question 3

__________: supplementary motor cortex basil ganglia and cerebellum

Answer 3

strategy/plan

Question 4

The integration of sensory impressions into psychologically meaningful information.

Answer 4

Perception

Question 5

Perception is both peripheral sensory mechanisms and ________-level processing.

Answer 5

higher-level

Question 6

Perception is essential to action as action is essential to __________

Answer 6

perception

Question 7

___________ a system in which higher levels of the brain are concerned with issues of abstraction of information.

Answer 7

Hierarchical processing

Question 8

What is an example of Hierarchal processing:

Answer 8

1. higher brain centers integrate inputs from many senses and interpret incoming sensory information —->
2. action side of movement control, higher levels of brain function form motor plans and strategies —–>
3. higher levels select the specific response to accomplish a particular task —->
4. lower levels then carry out the detailed monitoring and regulation

Question 9

The same signal is processed among different brain structures for different purposes.

Answer 9

parallel distributed processing

Question 10

What is an example of parallel distributed processing:

Answer 10

The cerebellum and BG process higher-level motor information simultaneously before sending it back to the motor cortex for action

Question 11

Parts of the CNS involved in motor control: - lower level to higher level of hierarchy

Answer 11

Lowest Level –> Higher Level:

Spinal cord
Brainstem (medulla & pons)
Cerebellum
Forebrain (cerebral cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, BG)

Question 12

The ___________ receives somatosensory input from the skin and muscles of the head as well as sensory input from the vestibular and visual systems.

Answer 12

brainstem

Question 13

Both hierarchical processing and parallel distributed processing contribute to the analysis of somatosensory. True or False?

Answer 13

True

Question 14

_________ are encapsulated spindle-shaped sensory receptors located in the muscle belly of skeletal muscles.

Answer 14

muscle spindles

Question 15

What are the two types of intrafusal muscle fibers:
-static or dynamic

Answer 15

nuclear bag fibers & nuclear chain fiber

nuclear bag- static & dynamic
nuclear chain- static

Question 16

The nuclear bag fibers stretch ________ while the nuclear chain fibers stretch ______ due to decreased ______

Answer 16

quickly; slowly, elasticity

Question 17

Both bag and chain muscle fibers are activated/inhibited by

Question 18

________are located in the muscle-tendon junction.

Answer 18

Golgi Tendon Organs

Question 19

GTO reflex is an _________ reflex of its own muscle and constantly monitors muscle ________

Answer 19

inhibitory; tension