Exam 1 Study Flashcards
This deck is a combination of Chapter 1 (1-14), Chapter 2 (15-38), Chapter 3 (39-52), and Chapter 4 (53 - #) in order to study for Exam #1
Communication
Creating meaning through symbolic interaction
Components of the Transactional model of communication
Sender, Receivers, Channel, Noise, Environmental
Senders
Encodes messages that send to receivers.
Noise
Any Interference with effective communication
Environmental
Current Circumstances where the communication is taking place
Receivers
Decodes the messages by assigning meaning
Channel
Method where message is conveyed between people
Small Group Communication
every person can participate in active communication with 3 people or more
Interpersonal Communication
communication of people in close relationships
Dyadic Communication
2 person interaction
Intrapersonal Communication
Communicating with oneself
Organizational Communication
Larger group communication with a desire to achieve a goal
Public Communication
Also known as public speaking. Too large for everyone’s contribution
Mass Communication
Messages transmitted to large widespread audiences
Examples include Advertisements & Movie studios
Self-Concept
Image you have of yourself
Self-Esteem
The positive and Negative evaluations we have of ourselfs
Good Self-Concept and Self-Esteem create…
Clear communication
Poor Self-Concept and Self-Esteem creates…
Distorted Communication
Public Self-Concept
How you want others to see you
Real Self-Concept
In honest moments of who you actually are
Ideal Self-Concept
The person we strive to become
A more connected types of “self” fitting together will contribute to more…
General Happiness
Socio-Communicative Orientation Dimensions
Assertiveness, Responsiveness, & Flexibility
Assertiveness (SCO)
Speaking up for your rights or values without destroying the rights or values of others
Responsiveness (SCO)
Being other oriented in a conversation
Flexibility (SCO)
Ones ability to adapt the to communication behavior, changing from Assertiveness to Responsiveness when needed
Amiable Professions
Counselling, Service work, Social work, Human Resources, Teachers
Amiable Conflict managment Strategies
Offering reassurance of the relationship
Amiable Negotiation
Being patient, Getting to know them, Letting them know you, Low Risk Activities, “How” Questions
Analytical Professions
STEM, Construction, Finance, Law
Analytical Conflict Managment
Fact Oriented, Listen with actions, Call them out when non factual
Analytical Negotiation
Show how you behave, Facts and Logic, Low Risk Activities, 2-Sided Arguments, “Why” Questions
Driver Professions
Entrepreneurs, Managment, Politics
Driver Conflict Managment
Listening to them, Be assertive, Come with a Solution
Driver Negotiation
Business Conversation, Summaries, Specifics with action, Facts and Logic, Drive and Dominate the Conversation
Expressives Professions
Entertainment, Arts, Music, Marketing & Sales
Expressive Conflict Managment
Give them a little time
Expressive Negotiation
Prepare with people and Logic, Quick Stories, Summaries, Experience Oriented Stories, Repetition
Culture
The traditions, customs, norms, believes, values, thought-patterns that are past down from generation to generation.
Characteristics of Culture
Culture is Learned, Culture are shared Understandings, Culture are multifaceted, Culture is Dynamic, Cultural Identities are overlapping
Ethnocentrism
Tendency to see ones culture affiliations as central normal and good while doing other cultural groups as less normal and less good
Ethnocentrism Positive Outcomes
Survival, Group Cohesion (Teamwork)
Ethnocentrism Negative Outcomes
Culture Shock, Stereotypes, Prejudice
Culture Shock
The Trauma when entering a new Culture
Stereotypes
when a group of people from a culture are persevered to share one or more characteristics
Prejudice
Based judgments made towards others in advance of knowing those others, that are severely limited and likely in accurate.
Ethnocentrism Continuum
Equality, Sensitivity, Indifference, Avoidance, Disparagement
Dimensions of Culture Variations
How we are suppose to manage our sense of identity in our groups
Collectivism Cultures
A culture where people have Interdependence with others in there group
Individualistic Cultures
A culture where people define themselves of who they are as individuals
Expressive Cultures
Cultures that show emotions through there verbal and non-verbal communication
Suppressive Cultures
Cultures who set expectations that emotions should not be displayed.
Language
The collection of symbols with arbitrary meanings that are governed by rules and used to communicate
Language vs Speech
Language is Mental
Speech is Physical
Ways to Study a Language
Semantics, Syntactics, Pragmatics
Semantics
The study of the structures of a unit of meaning
Syntactics
The study of the sentence structure of a language
Pragmatics
How we use language and social context to achieve goals
Denotations
The Agreement upon meanings of words
Connotations
Personal Meanings for words usually connected to emotion and drive from experiences
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
First Modern Educated Guess of the relationship between Language and Though
Strong Version of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
Language Structure is necessary in order to produce through
Weak Version of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
Language affects and reflects the way we see our world
Linguistic Determinism
Language determines out thoughts, our thoughts determine our realities on an individual level
Linguistic Relativity
People from different language communities see the world differently
Non-Verbal Communication
Messages expressed by other then linguistic means
(Can be unintended, multiple codes, universal and cultural, discontinuous)
Proxemics Definition
Study of the use of space in human communications
Proxemics Public Territoriality
Open to everyone but become ours for a very brief periods of time
Proxemics Private Territoriality
Not open to everyone but can communicate closeness, status and other norms of communication
First Personal Space Zone
Intimate Zone: 0 - 8 inches
Second Personal Space Zone
Personal / Friendship: 8 inches - 4 feet
Third Personal Space Zone:
Social / Bushiness Zone: 4 feet - 8 feet
Fourth Personal Space Zone
Public Zone: 8 feet or more
Chronemics
The study of the use of time in human communication
Turn-taking
The amount of seconds of silence before a response
Waiting
Monochromatic waiting culture: Time is more valuable
Poly-chromatic waiting culture: Relationships are more important in this types of culture
Timing of communication
The timing when you are able to convey communication
Oculesics
Study of Eye Behavior in Communication
(Show interest, trust, intentions, respect, confidence, and can initiate, communicate there turn, and end conversations)
Haptics
The study of the use of touch in human communication.
(Frequency, Duration, Location increase Affection. High-Contact and Low-Contact also are included)
Kinesics
The study of body movement and gestures in human communication
(Body Language)
Emblems
Direct Verbal Translation
Illustrators
Show shape size and movements
Simple Demographics
Judging a human based on there physical appearance
Clothing & Artifacts
The judgement of people based on there belongings and clothing
