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Patient Care2 > Exam 1 study > Flashcards

Exam 1 study Flashcards

1
Q

what is done without disease and goal is to prevent disease from occuring

A

primary prevention

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2
Q

what is it called if early treatment cannot make a difference, but this can make it seem as though screening has a benefit because patients live longer after diagnosis

A

lead time bias

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3
Q

what is a screening test that can rule out disease if the test is negative

A

Sensitivity

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4
Q

what describes how well a study applies to patient who are NOT in the study

A

generalizability (external validity)

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5
Q

what is the likelihood that a person with a positive test has the disease

A

positive productive value

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6
Q

what type of vaccine is recommended for almost all newborns

A

Hepatitis B vaccine

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7
Q

what is the type of vaccine that has a killed version of the organism and is safe for patients with a weakened immune system

A

inactivated vaccine

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8
Q

what type of vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy

A

live attenuated vaccine

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9
Q

what type of vaccine is recommended for all adults over 50 years old

A

zoster vaccine

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10
Q

what is the vaccine against tetanus

A

toxoid vaccine

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11
Q

what is the first apparent sign of puberty in girls

A

breast development

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12
Q

when does a girls first menstrual period occur

A

about 6 months after the female growth spurt

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13
Q

the pubic hair is adult type but covers less area than in adults and has not yet spread to the medial surface of thighs, what tanner stage is this considered

A

Tanner Stage 4

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14
Q

what tanner stage is the development of breast budding begin

A

tanner stage 2 breast development

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15
Q

no puberty development by this age in boys is considered delayed puberty

A

14 yo

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16
Q

what is done at every visit until 2 years of age

A

head circumference

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17
Q

The corneal light reflex is used to help detect this in kids

A

Strabismus

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18
Q

palpation of the femoral pulses during the pre-participation physical exam is done to asses what?

A

coarctation of the aorta

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19
Q

what is the leading cause of death during teenage years

A

unintentional injury

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20
Q

what is the screening tool used for adolescent depression

A

PHQ2

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21
Q

when is HPV vaccine recommended

A

recommended in early adolescence in both males and females to prevent cancer in the cervix as well as head and neck cancer

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22
Q

what part of the brain does not fully develop until the early 20s

A

prefrontal cortex

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23
Q

what type of thinking is present at the beginning of adolescence

A

concrete operational

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24
Q

what type of screening grades do the USPSTF recommend against

A

Grade D

25
Q

what should be done if the USPSTF grades it an A or B

A

Offer or provide service

26
Q

what is the formal tool used to assess development

A

developmental screenings

27
Q

what is the test commonly used to assess for autism

A

M-CHAT

28
Q

when should newborns be back to their birth weight

A

by 2 weeks

29
Q

what are three components of the PMH that are unique to children under 3 years old and should be routinely documented

A

prenatal history
birth history
newborn history

30
Q

at what point does the social smile begin

A

2 months

31
Q

when do they start looking briefly at objects

A

1 month old

32
Q

when do they begin to help dress and undress themselves

A

18 months old

33
Q

when do they begin to brush their teeth

A

4 years old

34
Q

when do they begin to look for hidden objects

A

12 months old

35
Q

when do they begin to babble

A

6 months old

36
Q

when do they begin to say 1 word other than dada or mama

A

12 months

37
Q

when are kids able to identify 2 or more body parts

A

18 months old

38
Q

when do children begin to vocalize with cooing

A

2 months

39
Q

when do they use words that are 75% inteligible to strangers

A

3 years old

40
Q

when are they able to lift their head and chest when prone

A

2 months old

41
Q

when are they able to stand without support

A

12 months

42
Q

when are they able to roll both ways

A

6 months

43
Q

when are they able to kick a ball

A

2 years old

44
Q

when are they able to pedal a trike, jump forward, child on and off a chair

A

3 years old

45
Q

what position are newborns hands

A

hands in firsts

46
Q

when are they able to use 2 finger pincer grasp

A

12 months

47
Q

when are they able to make a mark with a crayon

A

15 months

48
Q

when are they able to turn pages of books all by themselves

A

2 years

49
Q

what is the normal pulse range for a newborn

A

120-160bpm

50
Q

what is a birthmark associated with capillary-venous malformation in the eye and brain

A

port wine stain

51
Q

how many veins and arteries in a normal umbilical cord

A

two arteries, one vein

52
Q

what can a tuft of hair on the skin overlying the lumbosacral spine can be associated with

A

neural tube defect (closed spinal dysraprism)

53
Q

when is hearing loss screened

A

first 48 hours of life

54
Q

what test is used to screen for congenital heart disease

A

pulse oximetry

55
Q

how is scoliosis screened for

A

adams forward bend test

56
Q

at what age to we begin depression screenings for adolescence

A

12 years old

57
Q

what screening is no longer recommended for average risk children

A

lead screenings

58
Q

what are the 5 areas assessed with APGAR

A

heart rate
respiratory
muscle tone
reflex irritability
color/appearance

Patient Care2 (10 decks)

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