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Gross Anatomy 1 > Exam 1 Review questions > Flashcards

Exam 1 Review questions Flashcards

1
Q

An increase in muscle size due to high resistance?

A

Hyperplasia

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2
Q

What is the name of the cell membrane that surrounds each muscle fiber?

A

Endomysium

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3
Q

Type 1 Fibers primarily use what substrate to produce energy?

A

Fatty acids

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4
Q

Which muscle cell organelle stores calcium ions?

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

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5
Q

Which of the fallowing muscles has the MOST precise movement?
Muscle A: 200 muscle fibers, 5 motor units
Muscle B: 500 muscle fibers, 25 motor units
Muscle C: 50 muscle fibers, 2 motor units
Muscle D: 100 muscle fibers, 10 motor units

A

Muscle D because it has few motor fibers

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6
Q 
Concerning the neuromuscular junction, which of the fallowing would you NOT expect to find ACH in the synaptic cleft?
A.myasthenia gravis
b. organophosphates
c. botulin toxin
d. snake venom
A

A. Myasthenia gravis

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7
Q

Mature human milk has the highest composition of:

A

Water

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8
Q

The base of the axilla is made up of what?

A

Skin and fascia

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9
Q

Concerning the arm, the area from the shoulder joint to the elbow joint is defined as the:

A

anatomical arm

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10
Q

What is considered the clinical arm?

A

Runs from the acromion process of the scapula to the distal end of the humerus

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11
Q

A patient comes into your office with paresthesia of the medial forearm and digits 4 & 5, you suspect
subluxation irritating which spinal nerve?

A

C8

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12
Q

The Radial Nerve innervates what muscle of the arm?

A

Triceps brachii

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13
Q

Muscle spindles contain what type of muscle fibers?

a. intrafusal
b. extrafusal
c. both a & b
d. none of the above

A

C. Both a & b

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14
Q 
Which of these hormones is secreted by the ovary and placenta and promote the growth of the secretory cells of
the mammary gland?
a. estrogen
 b. progesterone
 c. prolactin
 d. oxytocin
A

Both a& b

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15
Q

Tom was reshingling his roof this weekend and tripped. He nearly fell to his death but caught himself at the last
minute and was left dangling by his left arm. Later he displayed neuro-muscular symptoms specific to?
a. an injury to C8 & T1 b. Erb Duchenne Palsy c. both a & b
d. none of the above

A

B. Erb- duchenne palsy (C5, C6)

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16
Q
  1. An undescended scapula is seen with this of the following disorders?
    a. Poland Syndrome
    b. Fibrocystic Disease c. Gynocomastia
    d. Sprengel’s Deformity
A

D. Sprengel’s deformity

17
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT thought to increase the risk of breast cancer?
    a. a family history
    b. exposure to radiation
    c. excessive intake
    of fat
    d. having a child very young
A

D. having a child at a very young age

18
Q
  1. Which dermatome innervates the skin of the axilla?
    a. C5
    b. C7
    c. T1
    d. T2
A

D. T2

19
Q
  1. What is the term for obstruction of arterial supply resulting in the loss of muscle fibers?
A

Ischemia

20
Q
  1. The first bone to undergo ossification in a fetus uses what kind of ossification for its primary center?
A

Clavicle; Intramembranous

21
Q
  1. The cords of the brachial plexus are named in relation to what structure?
A

Relationship to the axillary artery

22
Q

What is the hereditary condition in which the clavicles are missing or abnormally developed?

A

Cleiodocranial Dysostosis

23
Q

The first secretions from the mother’s mammary glands, which are especially rich in immunoglobins?

A

Colostrum

24
Q

What is the insertion of the pectoralis minor?

A

Greater tubercle, Inter-tubercular groove of humerus

25
Q

A child with a hyperplastic thymus may have an increased risk of developing what autoimmune disorder?

A

Myasthenia gravis

26
Q

These are the collagen fibers of a tendon that penetrate into the bone?

A

Sharpey’s fibers

27
Q

This method for increasing muscle function is also known as induced erythrocythemia.

A

blood doping

28
Q

This is a thickened band of deep fascia, which binds down tendons that cross a joint.

A

Retinaculum

29
Q

What is the name of a muscle that assists the prime mover in performing its action?

A

Synergist

30
Q

Upon a detailed physical exam, you discover a patient’s Thoracodorsal Nerve is supplied by C5, C6, & C7
spinal nerve roots, what can be said about this patient’s brachial plexus?

A

prefixed fixed brachial plexus

31
Q

What is another name for adduction of the scapula?

A

retraction

32
Q

The Musculo-cutaneous Nerve is supplied by which spinal nerve roots?

A

C5, 6, and 7

33
Q

The Pectoralis Major muscle is innervated by which spinal nerve roots?

A

Medial pectoral

34
Q

The Medial Brachial Cutaneous Nerve of a postfixed brachial plexus is supplied by which spinal nerve roots?

A

T2

35
Q

This nerve innervates the serratus anterior?

A

Long Thoracic (C5, C6 & C7 )

36
Q

Identify the nerve that passes between the medial and lateral heads of the Triceps brachii.

A

Radial nerve

37
Q

Identify the nerves that supply the shoulder joint. (there are two)

A

Subscapular, Axillary nerve

38
Q

This nerve continues into the forearm as the Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve.

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

39
Q

This nerve supplies the skin of the lateral palmar surface of the hand and the first 3½ digits.

A

Median nerve

Gross Anatomy 1 (8 decks)

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