Exam 1 Part 1 Flashcards
Functions of skeletal muscle:
- Movement
- Stability
- Communication
- Control of body openings and passage ways
- Heat production
With bones & joints forms the ___________ system by means of which body movements occur
Musculoskeletal
The basic structural unit of a muscle is the:
Muscle fiber (cell) aka myofibril
Muscle fibers are grouped into bundles known as:
Fasciculi
Muscle fibers and fasciculi are bound together by:
Connective tissue
Function of connective investment of muscle
- Connect muscle to bone or other structures
- Provides a pathway for nerves & blood vessels to reach the muscle fiber
- Provide a non contractile framework which allows the contraction of a muscle fiber to be transmitted to bone.
What are the 3 layers of connective tissue:
- Endomysium
- Perimysium
- Epimysium
Delicate connective tissue sheath which surrounds each individual muscle fiber and connects it to adjacent fibers
Endomysium
More dense layer which surrounds each fasciculi and divides the muscle into a series of separate compartments
Perimysium
Dense layer of connective tissue which surrounds the entire muscle and separates the muscle from surrounding tissue, organs, and other muscles.
Epimysium
The _________ is continuous with deep fascia in the area and will continue as the tendon of the muscle
Epimysium
Muscle fibers are extremely long and ___________ , with the nuclei arranged around the _________ of the fiber.
Multi-nucleated; Periphery
Each fiber contains dozens to hundreds of _________
Myofilaments
Contractile unit of the muscle
Myofilament
Each fiber is contained within a tough, specialized membrane known as the;
Sarcolemma
Under most circumstances the increase in the size of a muscle is due to an increase in the size of the _______ ______
Individual fiber
Term to describe an increase in the size of a muscle, which is due to an increase in the size of each individual muscle fiber.
Hypertrophy
Term used to describe an increase in the size of a muscle due to an actual increase in the number of muscle fibers.
Hyperplasia
Term used to refer to the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber. Determines the darkness of a muscle (while is it a dark or light muscle)
Sarcoplasm
- Found in muscles where long, sustained or continuous contraction are required (posture, Respiratory, Etc..)
- Associated with endurance activities
- higher levels of continuous metabolic activity
Type I fibers (Dark)
- Found in quick, more powerful activities and so related to speed and strength (sprinting, weight lifting)
Type II fibers (light)
Muscle fibers associated with AEROBIC metabolism
Type I fibers
Muscle fibers associated with ANAEROBIC metabolism
Type II fibers
Mixture of both type I and type II fibers
Intermediate fibers
