Exam 1 Review Flashcards
The functional unit of the ovary, which supports the development of the oocyte, is ________
A) follicle
_______ is an induced ovulator.
A) Ewe
B) Cow
C) Queen
D) Sow
C) queen
The length of the estrous cycle in a ewe is _____ days.
A) 6.5
B) 16.5
C) 26.5
D) 36.5
B) 16.5
_______ has only one estrus per year.
A) Swine
B) Canine
C) Equine
D) Feline
B) canine
The transformation of theca interna and granulosa cells of the follicle following ovulation into the corpus luteum is referred to as ________.
A) Folliculogenesis
B) Ovulation
C) Luteinization
D) Luteolysis
C) Luteinization
_________ is a monovulatory species.
A) Swine
B) Canine
C) Equine
D) Feline
C) equine
All of the following are true about PGF2alpha except __________ and _________.
A) PGF2alpha acts as a luteolytic agent in farm animals
B) PGF2alpha production is catalyzed by cyclooxygenases
C) PGF2alpha secretion is promoted by progesterone in the endometrium
D) PGF2alpha acts on the luteal cells to promote progesterone synthesis
E) PGF2alpha is released from the endometrium in a pulsatile pattern
F) PGF2alpha is stimulated by preovulatory LH surge to facilitate ovulation
C) and D)
All the hormones are correctly matched with their sources except ________ and _________.
A) Preoptic area: GnRH
B) Gonadotroph cell: FSH
C) Lactotroph: LH
D) Paraventricular nuclei: oxytocin
E) Granulosa cells: progesterone
F) Theca cells: testosterone
C) and E)
Lactotroph produces prolactin
Theca cells produce progesterone
Events that occur during the follicular phase are stated correctly except ________ and _______.
A) It is a phase of ovarian follicular development and maturation
B) GnRH acts on the anterior pituitary to stimulate the secretion of FSH and LH
C) FSH and LH stimulate follicular development and maturation within the ovary
D) High level of estradiol from the dominant follicle exerts a negative feedback effect on the hypothalamus and pituitary to block the preovulatory LH surge
E) High level of progesterone from the dominant follicle exerts a positive feedback effect on the hypothalamus, resulting in a preovulatory LH surge
F) Preovulatory LH surge acts on the periovulatory follicle, causing rupture and release of the oocyte
B and E
The hormones are correctly matched with their target tissues/cells except _______ and _______.
A) GnRH: gonadotroph cell
B) FSH: theca cells
C) LH: granulosa cells
D) oxytocin: endometrium
E) estrogen: oviduct
F) progesterone: uterus
B and C
All of the following are true about ovarian follicular dynamics in cows except ______ and _______.
A) the follicular growth in cattle occurs in a wave-like pattern
B) The majority of cow estrous cycles are comprised of two or three waves
C) Atresia is degeneration and reabsorption of the ovarian follicles
D) Dominance is the status of the follicle destined to ovulate, and tis role in regulating the size of the ovulatory quota
E) Selection is the process by which the follicle departs from the resting pool to initiate growth
F) Recruitment is the process by which the maturing follicular cohort is reduced to a number appropriate for the species-specific
E and F
True or false: Administration of exogenous PGF2alpha blocks ovulation in cows.
False; doesn’t block ovulation
True or false: The average recommended age for first service in horses is 2-3 years.
True
True or false: Presence of bulls accelerate the onset of puberty in beef heifers
True
True or false: In the mare, the ovarian cortex is an outer region embedded with follicles and corpora lutea, while the medulla is an inner region that houses the vessels and nerves.
False
True or false: LH stimulates progesterone synthesis
True
True or false: the duration of estrus in a mare is 70 hrs
False
True or false: CL is the predominant ovarian structure during the luteal phase
True
True or false: In cows, the tunica albuginea is a dense, fibrous connective tissue that covers the entire ovary, just beneath the surface epithelium
True
True or false: PGF2alpha secreted by the uterus is transported to the cow ovary through systemic circulation
False; not through systemic circulation
True or false: The internal and external openings of the vagina are known as the internal os and external os, respectively
false; that’s the cervix
True or false: Blood fatty acids may stimulate neurons that in turn stimulate the GnRH neurons
True
True or false: Age at first parturition should be 24 months and the primiparous heifer should weigh 1200 lbs.
True
True or false: The reduced sensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary system to negative-feedback inhibition by gonadal steroids blocks preovulatory GnRH/LH release and the onset of puberty
False
True or false: Reproductive cycle provides females with repeated chances for pregnancy
True
True or false: Vaginal cytology is a highly reliable method for detecting estrus in cows
False
Match the ovarian structure with its characteristics.
A) Primordial follicle
B) Primary follicle
C) Secondary follicle
D) Tertiary follicle
E) Ovulating follicle
F) Zona Pellucida
G) Corpus hemorrhagicum
H) Corpus luteum spurium
I) Corpus luteum verum
J) Corpus albicans
1) Activated with no thecal cell layer
2) FSH-responsive antral follicles
3) extracellular coat that surrounds the oocyte
4) cyclical CL
5) regressed CL
6) pregnant CL
7) newly formed CL
8) follicle with secondary oocyte
9) recruitment of thecal cells
10) resting follicle
A) Primordial follicle: 10) Resting follicle
B) Primary follicle: 1) Activated with no thecal cell layer
C) Secondary follicle: 9) recruitment of thecal cells
D) Tertiary follicle: 2) FSH-responsive antral follicles
E) Ovulating follicle: 8) follicle with secondary oocyte
F) Zona Pellucida: 3) extracellular coat that surrounds the oocyte
G) Corpus hemorrhagicum: 7) newly formed CL
H) Corpus luteum spurium: 4) cyclical CL
I) Corpus luteum verum: 6) pregnant CL
J) Corpus albicans: 5) regressed CL
