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Systemic Pharmacology > Exam 1 Questions > Flashcards

Exam 1 Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which drugs may cause conjunctivitis?

A

Lisinopril, Amlodipine, & Escitalopram

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2
Q

What are the effects of cyclosporine?

A
  • Hyperkalemia leading to renal toxicity

- reduced metabolism

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3
Q

Which anti-hypertensive has a cough as a distinguishing adverse effect?

A

Lisinopril

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4
Q 
Which of the following treats the least concomitant factors?  The most?
A) ACE Inhibitors
B) Beta-blockers
C) Ca 2+ Channel blockers
D) Diuretics
A

Least: Diuretics
Most: ACE Inhibitors

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5
Q

What kind of relationship do Lisinopril and Valsartan have?

A

synergistic

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6
Q

What is the neurotransmitter in the mesolimbic system that causes psychotic behavior?

A

Dopamine

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7
Q

What is the most common adverse effect seen in anti-hypertensives?

A

headache

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8
Q

Which therapeutic agents affect metabolism?

A

Dexamethasone- enhance metabolism

Azores, Macrolides, Cyclosporine- reduce metabolism

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9
Q

Which drugs cause intraopterative floppy iris syndrome?

A

Tamulosin & Terazosin

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10
Q

Which drugs would you need to talk to the patient’s PCP about taking them off before cataract surgery?

A

Tamulosin & Terazosin

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11
Q

Which drug causes depression?

A

Metoprolol

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12
Q

Which drugs have antagonistic effects on Ca 2+?

A

Furosemide & Hydrazine

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13
Q

Which drug causes increased migrainous scotomata?

A

Metoprolol

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14
Q

Which drug looks like a steroid and acts like a hormone?

A

Spironolactone

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15
Q

Which drug is indicated for hyperaldosteronism?

A

Spironolactone

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16
Q

Which drug has prostate cancer & breast cancer as an adverse effect?

A

Finasteride

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17
Q

Which drug causes lupus?

A

Hydralazine

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18
Q

Which drug treats fibromyalgia?

A

Duloxetine

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19
Q

Which drug is contraindicated in glaucoma?

A

Amphetamine

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20
Q

Which drug has cataracts as an adverse effect?

A

Quetiapine, Halidol, Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine

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21
Q

Which drug may cause anterograde amnesia?

A

Alprazolam

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22
Q

Which drugs may cause angioedema?

A

Lisinopril, Valsartan, Clonidine, Duloxetine, Alprazolam, & Finasteride

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23
Q

What is deficient in Alzheimer disease?

A

acetylcholine

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24
Q

What drug treats Alzheimer disease?

A

Donepezil

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25
What effect does benzodiazepine have on GABA?
BZD enhances the effect of GABA and causes it to become hyperpolarized and allow an Cl- influx
26
Which monoamine levels cause ADHD?
low dopamine
27
Which drugs cause diplopia?
Lisinopril, Amlodipine, Escitalopram, & Alprazolam
28
Which antidepressant is the least selective?
Imipramine | TCADs are the least selective antidepressants which is why they are rarely used anymore
29
Which drug treats androgen-dependent hair loss?
Finasteride
30
Which drug directly acts on vascular smooth muscle and decreases Ca 2+?
Hydralazine
31
What do alpha-blockers act as?
alpha-2 agonists
32
What percentage of Americans have hypertension?
15%
33
Which drug will affect smooth muscles?
Amlodipine
34
Which drugs cross the blood brain barrier (are highly lipophilic)?
Clonidine & Sinemet
35
What is the mechanism of alpha blockers?
antagonize alpha-1 receptor
36
What drug mechanism suppresses renin?
Metoprolol
37
Which drugs cause dry eyes?
Lisinopril, Metoprolol, & Escitalopram
38
Which drug has a common adverse effect of infection?
Amphetamine (Psychomotor Stimulants)
39
What drug is contraindicated by bleeding risk and angle closure glaucoma?
Duloxetine
40
Which drug could possibly lead to angler closure glaucoma?
Hydrochlorothiazide
41
Which monoamines mostly affect depression?
serotonin & norepinepherine
42
Which monoamines are affected in Parkinson's disease?
Low Dopamine, High Acetylcholine
43
What is the mechanism of Amphetamine?
enhance release & inhibit reuptake of norepinephrine & dopamine
44
Which drug has 100% bioavailability whether taken orally or by IV?
Donepezil
45
Which class of drugs has the greatest risk of hemorrhage if combined with NSAIDs?
Antidepressants
46
Which drugs would you not give a patient if they had a sulfonamide allergy?
Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide, and Tamulosin
47
Which drug is contraindicated by an impaired hepatic condition?
Finasteride
48
If your patient has an impaired hepatic condition, which diuretic drug would you prescribe?
Furosemide | DO NOT prescribe Hydrochlorothiazide
49
Which drugs can cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
Furosemide, Hydrochlorotiazide, Amphetamine, Duloxetine, Alprazolam, & Quetiapine
50
What drug, when taken with Finasteride, enhances the metabolism?
CYP3A4 substrates
51
What is the effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors if taken with diuretics?
QT prolongation
52
Which drugs can be prescribed for insomnia?
Tarazadone & Zolpidem
53
Which drug is contraindicated by Sjogren's syndrome?
Lisinopril
54
Which drug acts centrally to stimulate alpha-2 receptors?
Clonidine
55
What is the mechanism of Donepezil?
inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by reversibly binding in order to sustain acetylcholine response
56
Which drug is contraindicated by unstable myasthenia gravis?
Alprazolam
57
What is a potentially lethal side effect that could be caused by Escitalopram?
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
58
If Amphetamine is taken with a sympathomimetic or beta-blocker, what could potentially happen to the patient?
hypertensive crisis
59
Which drug is indicated to treat nephrolithiasis?
Tamulosin
60
What is the mechanism of Finasteride?
inhibits 5-alpha-reductase from converting testosterone into its more potent form
61
What is the mechanism of Sinemet?
inhibits the conversion of Levodopa to dopamine in the periphery to prevent unwanted side effects of the conversion
62
What kind of effect does benzodiazepine have with GABA?
indirect GABA enhancer
63
Which two diuretics have opposite effects on Ca 2+?
Furosemide & Hydrochlorothiazide
64
What is the effect on bradykinin when the RAA system is activated?
bradykinin is reduced
65
Which drugs are indicated to treat seizures?
Phenobarbital and Phenytoin
66
What is the mechanism of Phenobarbital?
conveys synaptic inhibition to the sensory cortex, producing sedation, hypnosis, and anesthesia; enhances GABA effects
67
Which drug is contraindicated by respiratory dysfunction?
Phenobarbital
68
What is the mechanism of Phenytoin?
modulates neuronal voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channels
69
Which seizure therapy causes nystagmus?
Phenytoin

Systemic Pharmacology (3 decks)

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