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Systemic Pharmacology > Exam 1 Questions > Flashcards

Exam 1 Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which drugs may cause conjunctivitis?

A

Lisinopril, Amlodipine, & Escitalopram

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2
Q

What are the effects of cyclosporine?

A
  • Hyperkalemia leading to renal toxicity

- reduced metabolism

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3
Q

Which anti-hypertensive has a cough as a distinguishing adverse effect?

A

Lisinopril

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4
Q 
Which of the following treats the least concomitant factors?  The most?
A) ACE Inhibitors
B) Beta-blockers
C) Ca 2+ Channel blockers
D) Diuretics
A

Least: Diuretics
Most: ACE Inhibitors

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5
Q

What kind of relationship do Lisinopril and Valsartan have?

A

synergistic

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6
Q

What is the neurotransmitter in the mesolimbic system that causes psychotic behavior?

A

Dopamine

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7
Q

What is the most common adverse effect seen in anti-hypertensives?

A

headache

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8
Q

Which therapeutic agents affect metabolism?

A

Dexamethasone- enhance metabolism

Azores, Macrolides, Cyclosporine- reduce metabolism

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9
Q

Which drugs cause intraopterative floppy iris syndrome?

A

Tamulosin & Terazosin

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10
Q

Which drugs would you need to talk to the patient’s PCP about taking them off before cataract surgery?

A

Tamulosin & Terazosin

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11
Q

Which drug causes depression?

A

Metoprolol

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12
Q

Which drugs have antagonistic effects on Ca 2+?

A

Furosemide & Hydrazine

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13
Q

Which drug causes increased migrainous scotomata?

A

Metoprolol

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14
Q

Which drug looks like a steroid and acts like a hormone?

A

Spironolactone

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15
Q

Which drug is indicated for hyperaldosteronism?

A

Spironolactone

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16
Q

Which drug has prostate cancer & breast cancer as an adverse effect?

A

Finasteride

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17
Q

Which drug causes lupus?

A

Hydralazine

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18
Q

Which drug treats fibromyalgia?

A

Duloxetine

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19
Q

Which drug is contraindicated in glaucoma?

A

Amphetamine

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20
Q

Which drug has cataracts as an adverse effect?

A

Quetiapine, Halidol, Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine

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21
Q

Which drug may cause anterograde amnesia?

A

Alprazolam

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22
Q

Which drugs may cause angioedema?

A

Lisinopril, Valsartan, Clonidine, Duloxetine, Alprazolam, & Finasteride

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23
Q

What is deficient in Alzheimer disease?

A

acetylcholine

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24
Q

What drug treats Alzheimer disease?

A

Donepezil

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25
Q

What effect does benzodiazepine have on GABA?

A

BZD enhances the effect of GABA and causes it to become hyperpolarized and allow an Cl- influx

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26
Q

Which monoamine levels cause ADHD?

A

low dopamine

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27
Q

Which drugs cause diplopia?

A

Lisinopril, Amlodipine, Escitalopram, & Alprazolam

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28
Q

Which antidepressant is the least selective?

A

Imipramine

TCADs are the least selective antidepressants which is why they are rarely used anymore

29
Q

Which drug treats androgen-dependent hair loss?

A

Finasteride

30
Q

Which drug directly acts on vascular smooth muscle and decreases Ca 2+?

A

Hydralazine

31
Q

What do alpha-blockers act as?

A

alpha-2 agonists

32
Q

What percentage of Americans have hypertension?

33
Q

Which drug will affect smooth muscles?

A

Amlodipine

34
Q

Which drugs cross the blood brain barrier (are highly lipophilic)?

A

Clonidine & Sinemet

35
Q

What is the mechanism of alpha blockers?

A

antagonize alpha-1 receptor

36
Q

What drug mechanism suppresses renin?

A

Metoprolol

37
Q

Which drugs cause dry eyes?

A

Lisinopril, Metoprolol, & Escitalopram

38
Q

Which drug has a common adverse effect of infection?

A

Amphetamine (Psychomotor Stimulants)

39
Q

What drug is contraindicated by bleeding risk and angle closure glaucoma?

A

Duloxetine

40
Q

Which drug could possibly lead to angler closure glaucoma?

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

41
Q

Which monoamines mostly affect depression?

A

serotonin & norepinepherine

42
Q

Which monoamines are affected in Parkinson’s disease?

A

Low Dopamine, High Acetylcholine

43
Q

What is the mechanism of Amphetamine?

A

enhance release & inhibit reuptake of norepinephrine & dopamine

44
Q

Which drug has 100% bioavailability whether taken orally or by IV?

45
Q

Which class of drugs has the greatest risk of hemorrhage if combined with NSAIDs?

A

Antidepressants

46
Q

Which drugs would you not give a patient if they had a sulfonamide allergy?

A

Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide, and Tamulosin

47
Q

Which drug is contraindicated by an impaired hepatic condition?

A

Finasteride

48
Q

If your patient has an impaired hepatic condition, which diuretic drug would you prescribe?

A

Furosemide

DO NOT prescribe Hydrochlorothiazide

49
Q

Which drugs can cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome?

A

Furosemide, Hydrochlorotiazide, Amphetamine, Duloxetine, Alprazolam, & Quetiapine

50
Q

What drug, when taken with Finasteride, enhances the metabolism?

A

CYP3A4 substrates

51
Q

What is the effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors if taken with diuretics?

A

QT prolongation

52
Q

Which drugs can be prescribed for insomnia?

A

Tarazadone & Zolpidem

53
Q

Which drug is contraindicated by Sjogren’s syndrome?

A

Lisinopril

54
Q

Which drug acts centrally to stimulate alpha-2 receptors?

55
Q

What is the mechanism of Donepezil?

A

inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by reversibly binding in order to sustain acetylcholine response

56
Q

Which drug is contraindicated by unstable myasthenia gravis?

A

Alprazolam

57
Q

What is a potentially lethal side effect that could be caused by Escitalopram?

A

neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

58
Q

If Amphetamine is taken with a sympathomimetic or beta-blocker, what could potentially happen to the patient?

A

hypertensive crisis

59
Q

Which drug is indicated to treat nephrolithiasis?

60
Q

What is the mechanism of Finasteride?

A

inhibits 5-alpha-reductase from converting testosterone into its more potent form

61
Q

What is the mechanism of Sinemet?

A

inhibits the conversion of Levodopa to dopamine in the periphery to prevent unwanted side effects of the conversion

62
Q

What kind of effect does benzodiazepine have with GABA?

A

indirect GABA enhancer

63
Q

Which two diuretics have opposite effects on Ca 2+?

A

Furosemide & Hydrochlorothiazide

64
Q

What is the effect on bradykinin when the RAA system is activated?

A

bradykinin is reduced

65
Q

Which drugs are indicated to treat seizures?

A

Phenobarbital and Phenytoin

66
Q

What is the mechanism of Phenobarbital?

A

conveys synaptic inhibition to the sensory cortex, producing sedation, hypnosis, and anesthesia; enhances GABA effects

67
Q

Which drug is contraindicated by respiratory dysfunction?

A

Phenobarbital

68
Q

What is the mechanism of Phenytoin?

A

modulates neuronal voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channels

69
Q

Which seizure therapy causes nystagmus?

Systemic Pharmacology (3 decks)

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