Exam 1 Questions Flashcards
What is the term for the study of chemical substances that do not contain carbon?
Inorganic Chemistry
Organic chemistry is best defined as the study of:
Compounds that are largely composed of carbon and hydrogen
Chemistry is the branch of physical science that studies the ________ of matter.
Composition, structure, and properties
Thanatochemistry is that branch of chemistry that deals with _________.
The chemical processes in dead things
Biochemistry is that branch of chemistry that deals with _________.
The chemical processes in living things
A process that releases heat into its surrounds is said to be:
Exothermic
______ is the condensed state of matter having a definite shape and volume.
Solid
______ is a substance that flows readily but does not tend to expand indefinitely.
Liquid
______ is the state of matter where a substance has no fixed shape and its molecules are in constant random motion and subsequently diffuse to fill all available space.
Gas
______ the separation of a complex chemical compound into simpler compounds or elements.
Decomposition
The gravitation of red blood cells to dependent parts of the body is defined as:
Livor mortis
The postmortem temperature change of a body to ambient temperature is defined as:
Algor mortis
______ is the movement of a substance from an area of greater concentration to one of lesser concentration.
Diffusion
A type of mixture in which the composition is uniform and every part of the solution has the same properties:
Homogeneous
A type of mixture in which the components are not uniform, at a minimum two phases are present:
Heterogeneous
Substances that cannot be divided by chemical means?
Elements
Substances composed of two or more elements chemically in a definite proportion by mass?
Compounds
- The smallest unit of matter is with the unique properties of an element is ________.
An atom
Atomic mass denotes ____.
Total number of protons and neutrons
Isotopes are _________.
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
Valence refers to the ____________ of an atom.
Outer most (furthest from the nucleus) energy level
Nitrogen has a valence of five, this means it will want to share _________ more electrons.
Three
For atoms, happiness is achieved via __________ valence electrons, this is called the _______rule.
8
Octet
A region of a molecule posing a negative and a positive charge.
Dipole
The number of ______ determines the chemical properties.
Electrons
The atomic mass of formaldehyde is (CH2O, C= 12.0, H=1 amu, O=16 amu)
30amu
AB → A+B represents a __________ reaction.
Decomposition
As a body decomposes ________ is occurring. This reaction is water splitting apart macro-molecules.
Hydrolysis
You decide to use plaster of Paris as you are repairing a traumatized cranial vault. AS you mix this compound with water a paste formed that will harden into __________ and set the bones of the head.
Gypsum
__________ is the most common vehicle in embalming solution
Water
You are mixing an embalming fluid with a formaldehyde concentration of [35] (______) into water(___________) to create a solution.
Solute/ solvent
You are about to embalm a body with edema. You decide you will need to dehydrate the tissue and need to create a _________ solution.
Hypertonic
You are about to embalm a body that is dehydrated. You decide you will need to hydrate the tissue and need to create a _________ solution.
Hypotonic
When combining solutions of unequal solute concentration, the natural movement of solute from regions of lower concentration to a higher concentration is referred to as_______.
Osmosis
Two liquids that form a completely homogenous solution are said to be______while two liquids that simply don’t mix (oil and water for example) are said to be _________.
Miscible/immiscible
Tap water that has minerals such as Ca2+ and/or Mg2+ dissolved in it is defined as ________water.
Hard
What is the general term for a substance that dissolves in a solvent?
Solute
What is the general term for the substance that dissolves a solute?
Solvent
A heterogeneous mixture that contains a completely dissolved solute is referred to as a:
Solution
An unknown compound is initially a white crystal, but upon standing for one day a clear solution forms. The unknown compound is therefore:
Deliquescent
What happens to the pH of a body following death?
The body initially gets more acidic but over time becomes more basic
What is the term for a solution that resists changes in pH when an acid or a base is added?
Buffer
Water has the ability to act as an acid and a base, this is termed ___.
Amphoteric
pH is a measure of ____ in aqueous solution
[H+]
Which property below does not apply to an acid?
Feel soapy
Which property below does not apply to a base?
Taste sour
Translated literally, hydrolysis means:
Water splitting
AB +CD → AC+BD represents a __________ reaction.
Double replacement
