Ch 9: Preservatives & Disinfectants

Question 1

• Functional group of organic molecules
• Found in chemistry and biochemistry
• Characteristics:
  Carbon & oxygen double bond
  polar moiety (oxygen is very electronegative)

Answer 1

Carbonyl Group

Question 2

What is the shorthand for aldehyde?

Answer 2

-CHO

Question 3

What are the 2 important carbonyls

Answer 3

Aldehydes & Ketones

Question 4

Carbonyl with a hydrogen and 1 functional group
Found in preservatives and disinfectants

Answer 4

Aldehydes

Question 5

Carbonyl with 2 functional groups
RC(O=)R is shorthand
Found in solvents

Answer 5

Ketones

Question 6

• Glutaraldehyde
• Used to treat worts and kill spores
• Common name derived from glutaric acid

Answer 6

Pentanedial

Question 7

Why have aldehydes been used for many years?

Answer 7

They’re easy to get and inexpensive

Question 8

What’s some important tips to know when embalming?

Answer 8

Know chemicals you’re working with
Read SDS forms
Protect yourself

Question 9

Which gas can be suspended in embalming fluid?

Answer 9

Methanal

Question 10

In solution, formaldehyde exists as __________

Answer 10

Methylene Glycol

Question 11

What does polymerize mean?

Answer 11

To form chains of repeated molecules
Proteins are polymers of amino acids

Question 12

Methanol is added to formaldehyde based embalming fluid as ________; also __________

Answer 12

Anti-polymerant
extends shelf life

Question 13

Paraformaldehyde is used in embalming powders for _________

Answer 13

Trauma and autopsied bodies

Question 14

What is a solid form of formaldehyde?

Answer 14

Paraformaldehyde

Question 15

Formaldehyde gas dissolved in solution at 37% by weight and 40% by volume

Answer 15

Formalin

Question 16

What is emiciated?

Answer 16

Low moisture

Question 17

Low concentration is for ______ moisture content

Answer 17

low

Question 18

Formaldehyde will ___________ tissues

Answer 18

dehydrate

Question 19

Medium concentration is for _______ moisture content

Answer 19

normal

Question 20

High concentration is for _____ moisture content

Answer 20

high

Question 21

High concentration is for _____ decomp

Answer 21

advanced

Question 22

Byproduct of formaldehyde and ammonia (free nitrogen)
Excess free nitrogen increases preservative demand

Answer 22

Urotropin

Question 23

What is found in cold sterilant used for cleaning surfaces and instruments?

Answer 23

Dialdehydes

Question 24

• Much broader pH range than formaldehyde
• Does not dehydrate tissue

Answer 24

Glutaraldehyde

Question 25

Where are aromatic aldehydes found in?

Answer 25

Perfuming agents and fragrances

Question 26

How is acetone found in embalming chemicals?

Answer 26

As a solvent

Question 27

What does acetone remove?

Answer 27

Cradle cap

Question 28

What can cause ketosis?

Answer 28

Alcoholism
Diabetes
Other pathological states