Ch 9: Preservatives & Disinfectants Flashcards
- Functional group of organic molecules
- Found in chemistry and biochemistry
- Characteristics:
Carbon & oxygen double bond
polar moiety (oxygen is very electronegative)
Carbonyl Group
What is the shorthand for aldehyde?
-CHO
What are the 2 important carbonyls
Aldehydes & Ketones
Carbonyl with a hydrogen and 1 functional group
Found in preservatives and disinfectants
Aldehydes
Carbonyl with 2 functional groups
RC(O=)R is shorthand
Found in solvents
Ketones
- Glutaraldehyde
- Used to treat worts and kill spores
- Common name derived from glutaric acid
Pentanedial
Why have aldehydes been used for many years?
They’re easy to get and inexpensive
What’s some important tips to know when embalming?
Know chemicals you’re working with
Read SDS forms
Protect yourself
Which gas can be suspended in embalming fluid?
Methanal
In solution, formaldehyde exists as __________
Methylene Glycol
What does polymerize mean?
To form chains of repeated molecules
Proteins are polymers of amino acids
Methanol is added to formaldehyde based embalming fluid as ________; also __________
Anti-polymerant
extends shelf life
Paraformaldehyde is used in embalming powders for _________
Trauma and autopsied bodies
What is a solid form of formaldehyde?
Paraformaldehyde
Formaldehyde gas dissolved in solution at 37% by weight and 40% by volume
Formalin
What is emiciated?
Low moisture
Low concentration is for ______ moisture content
low
Formaldehyde will ___________ tissues
dehydrate
Medium concentration is for _______ moisture content
normal
High concentration is for _____ moisture content
high
High concentration is for _____ decomp
advanced
Byproduct of formaldehyde and ammonia (free nitrogen)
Excess free nitrogen increases preservative demand
Urotropin
What is found in cold sterilant used for cleaning surfaces and instruments?
Dialdehydes
- Much broader pH range than formaldehyde
- Does not dehydrate tissue
Glutaraldehyde
Where are aromatic aldehydes found in?
Perfuming agents and fragrances
How is acetone found in embalming chemicals?
As a solvent
What does acetone remove?
Cradle cap
What can cause ketosis?
Alcoholism
Diabetes
Other pathological states
