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Respiratory > EXAM #1: PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTING > Flashcards

EXAM #1: PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTING Flashcards

1
Q

What are the indications to perform Pulmonary Function Testing?

A

1) Evaluation of suspected respiratory disease
2) Evaluation of the severity of respiratory disease
3) Pre-op eval.
4) Evaluating persons at risk for pulmonary disease
5) Assessment of response to therapy

This is NOT done in the acute setting

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2
Q

What are the elements of pulmonary function testing?

A

1) Flow
2) Volume
3) Gas exchange

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3
Q

What is the tidal volume?

A

Air in/out with normal breath (500 mL)

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4
Q

What is the inspiratory capacity?

A

TV + IRV

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5
Q

What is the functional residual capacity?

A

ERV + RV

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6
Q

What is the vital capacity?

A

TV + ERV + IRV

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7
Q

What is the total lung capacity?

A

TV + ERV + IRV + RV

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8
Q

What does spirometry measure?

A

Air flow

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9
Q

What does body plethysmography measure?

A

Static lung volumes

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10
Q

What is the Diffusing capacity of the Lungs for Carbon monoxide (DLCO) measure?

A

Gas exchange

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11
Q

What is FEV1?

A

Forced Expiratory Volume in the 1st second

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12
Q

What is FVC?

A

Foriced Vital Capacity

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13
Q

What is PEF?

A

Peak Expiratory Flow

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14
Q

What are three factors that can negatively effect the accuracy of Spirometry?

A

1) Inability to follow instructions
2) Muscular weakness
3) Poor oral seal

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15
Q

When is most of the air exhaled in spirometry?

A

FEV1

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16
Q

What happens to the FEV1/FVC ratio in obstructive disease?

A

Decreased

17
Q

What is the marker for severe obstructive disease in terms of FEV1/FVC ratio?

A

Less than 50%

18
Q

What are the obstructive airway pathologies?

A

1) Asthma
2) COPD
3) Bronchiectasis
4) CF
5) Upper airway obstruction
6) Extrinsic airway narrowing
7) FB

19
Q

Draw the flow-volume loop for obstructive lung disease.

A

N/A

20
Q

Draw the volume-time curve for obstructive lung disease.

A

N/A

21
Q

How does the peak flow differ between obstructive and restrictive lung disease. Draw the difference.

A

Obstructive= reduced and “scooped out” or steeple

Restrictive= normal peak but reduced volume

22
Q

How does airway obstruction alter the flow-volume loop?

A

Blunted inspiratory phase

*“Variable extra-thoracic obstruction” is how the graph is read

23
Q

How will variable intrathoracic obstruction appear on flow-volume loop?

A

Blunted expiratory phase

24
Q

Draw the flow-volume loop for fixed airway obstruction.

A

N/A

25
Q

What is the indication for a bronchoprovocation test?

A

To evaluate airway hyperresponsiveness

26
Q

What is the most commonly used drug for a bronchoprovocation test?

A

Methacholine

27
Q

What is a positive bronchoprovocation test?

A

FEV1 decreased by 20%

28
Q

What are the techniques to measure lung capacity?

A

1) Body plethysomography*
2) Nitrogen wash out
3) Helium technique

29
Q

What is the major difference between what can be measure with body plethysmography and spirometry?

A

Able to measure residual lung capacity and diagnose restrictive lung disease

30
Q

What is the normal TLC?

A

80-120% of the normal

31
Q

What defines restrictive lung disease?

A

Less than 80% of reference TLC

32
Q

What defines hyperinflation?

A

More than 120% of reference TLC

33
Q

What are the restrictive lung disease pathologies?

A

1) NM
2) Skeletal
3) Diaphragmatic paralysis
4) Pleural disease
5) Parenquimal

34
Q

What is the utility of the DCLO in diagnosing restrictive lung disease?

A

Normal= extrapulmonary

Low= intrapulmonary

35
Q

What is the utility of MIP and MEP (maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures) in PFT?

A

Helps diagnose neuromusclar disorders

Respiratory (35 decks)

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