Exam 1: Prosthetics Flashcards
In the beginning, why were amputations performed
to save someone’s life form gangrene or an infection of that nature
Early patients survival rates after amputation was (low/high) due to infection from surgery
low
Early patients survival rates after amputation was low due to ____ from surgery
infection
Over the years, surgical procedures were slowly perfected and the focus during surgery has been shifted to _____ of ____ post surgery
function of limb
What time period allowed for great strides in advancement of surgical amputations
The world wars
___% of amputations are related to cancer
0.9
0.9% of amputations are related to ____
cancer
___% of amputations are related to trauma
16.4
16.4% of amputations are related to ____
trauma
___% of amputations are related to congenital anomalies
0.8
0.8% of amputations are related to _____ _____
congenital anomalies
___% of amputations are related to neuropathy and vascular conditions
81.9
81.9% of amputations are related to neuropathy and ______ ______
vascular conditions
List the 4 causes of amputations from least common to most common
Congenital anomalies
Cancer
Trauma
Neuropathy and vascular conditions
Which month is Limb Loss Awareness Month
April
How many people are living with limb loss
2 million
How many people have an amputation each year
185K
How many people lose a limb each day
507
How many military personnel lose a limb as a result of a war
36
It’s estimated that ___ million people will be living with limb loss by 2050
3.6 million
__% of people living with limb loss experience depression
36
___% of lower limb amputations are preceded by a foot ulcer
85
Are female or males more likely to be an amputee
male
Are upper limbs or lower limb amputations more common
lower
What are the 11 levels of LE amputation
- Toes
- Metatarsal Head resection
- Ray resection
- Transmetatarsal
- Lisfranc
- Chopart
- Symes
- Transtibial
- Knee disarticulation and transcondylar
- Transfemoral
- Hip disarticulation and hemipelvectomy (transpelvic)
Which level of LE amputation involves the tarsometatarsal disarticulation
Lisfranc
Describe the Lisfranc level of LE amputation
tarsometatarsal disarticulation
Which level of LE amputation involves the midtarsal disarticulation
Chopart
Describe the Chopart level of LE amputation
midtarsal disarticulation
Which level of LE amputation involves the disarticulation of talocrural, trims malleoli to make a flat weight bearing surface and positions fad pad of heel under distal tib/fib
Symes
Describe the Symes level of LE amputation
disarticulation of talocrural, trims malleoli to make a flat weight bearing surface and positions fad pad of heel under distal tib/fib
What are the three types of transtibial amputations
Short, standard, and long
At what length is the standard transtibial amputation
ideally 6-7 inches of tibia
A transfemoral amputation ideally preserves ___-___% of femoral length
50-66%
The (shorter/longer) the femur is after amputation, the harder the residual limb will have to work to advance/move a prosthesis
shorter
True or False:
A rotational limb surgery is preformed to an individual with an unhealthy lower limb
False, it must be healthy in order for the surgery to be a success
There are several basic principles to amputations. One of them is that there must be adequate _____ to ensure healing of incision
circulation
There are several basic principles to amputations. One of them is that preservation of ____ and ____ to provide increased function
length and joints
There are several basic principles to amputations. One of them is that preservation of length and joints to provide increased ____
function
Are small or large nerves cut during amputation
both
There are several basic principles to amputations. One of them is that during amputation, bleeding vessels are _____
cauterized
There are several basic principles to amputations. One of them is that _______ is used to secure muscle
myoplasty or myodesis
There are several basic principles to amputations. One of them is that myoplasty or myodesis is used to secure ____ during amp
muscles
There are several basic principles to amputations. One of them is that ____ ____ are shaped to ensure a residual limb can easily manage a prosthetic
skin flaps
There are several basic principles to amputations. One of them is that in most cases, especially peripheral vascular disease, there are usually other ________ that must be managed with these patients
comorbidities
There are several basic principles to amputations. One of them is that in most cases, especially _____ _____ _____, there are usually other comorbidities that must be managed with these patients
peripheral vascular disease
There are several basic principles to amputations. One of them is that all patients with amputation, especially ones due to _____, need to be managed psychologically due to the loss of the limb and the grieving process that comes with it
trauma
There are several basic principles to amputations. One of them is that all patients with amputation, especially ones due to trauma need to be managed _______ due to the loss of the limb and the grieving process that comes with it
psychologically
