Exam 1: Module 3 Flashcards

1
Q

uninsured vs underinsured

A

Uninsured: No healthcare insurance coverage

Underinsured: Have coverage but insuficient to meet needs; admit. health care needs must be paid for by teh individual

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2
Q

Statistics for 2018 people:
- more tha how many people had insurance through employee?
- how much percent is through medicaid
- how much obrained outside employment
- How much is military insurance

A
  • more than half
  • 30%
  • 11%
  • 4%
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3
Q

Outcomes of being uninsured
- Do you lose your savings
- Is it difficult affording necessities
- are there issues with facing persistent bill colection efforts?
- issue borrowing money?
- Is the needs for health insurance unimportant or critical for the well-being of children?

A
  • savings, yes
  • lots of difficulty afording necesities
  • yes
  • yes its difficult to borrow money
  • VERY IMPORTANT
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4
Q

Children with health insurance:
- are they more likely to stay healthy and do well in school?
- do they have access to more well-child checkups ands meds
- are they less likely to be absent from school

A
  • Yes because of access to needed services
  • yes
  • yes, less likely to be absent
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5
Q

How does ACA affect children favorably
- it prevents what?

A

prevents insurance companies from denying preexisting conditions

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6
Q

1/4 of people with chronic health problems had not filled prescription due to _____

A

COST

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7
Q

What are the 2 payment sources in the US
- insurance plans typically have what type of deductible requirement?
- Individuals may have to incur ____-____-____ insuranc costs

A

public insurance
- Medicare, medicaid

Private insurance
- privately or publicly owned companies
- Blue cross/shield, Aetna

Insurance plans typically have yearly deductible requirement
- may require co-pay
- individuals may have to incur out-of-pocket insurane costs expenses

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8
Q

Medicaid is for whom

A
  • lower income individuals
  • Families
  • Older adults
  • People with disabilities
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9
Q

Medicare is for whom
(4 types of People)

A

people >65 years old
<65 with disabilities
- end stage renal disease
- People with ALS

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10
Q

what are the 2 different parts of medicare

A

hospital and medical insurance

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11
Q

hospital insurance helps:
does it help to cover in patient care and home health/hospice?
- does it help to cover skilled nursing facilities for the long term?
- does it help for people under 65 years old?

A
  • yes
  • yes but only for the short term
  • No, only over 65 years old
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12
Q

What does Medical insurance help to cover
- how about other out patient locations?

A

Helps to cover medically necessary services provided by MD’s NP’s home health, outpatient care and DME
- Covers office visits, screening exams, preventative services

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13
Q

Medicare advantage plans can approve what other insurance?
- Can it include prescription drug coverage?
- Can it also include what other 2 testings?

A
  • it can include prescription drug coverage
  • testing for hearing and vision
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14
Q

Prescription drug coverage:
- PRivate insurers need to be __________ with medicare
- can it protect against higher costs in the future
- presc. drug option are run by private insurance companies such as _____ and _____

A
  • approved
    -presc. drug option are run by private insurance companies such as HMO’s and PPO’s
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15
Q

For individuals who are self-employed, they must pay the entire…
- policies are typically…

A
  • premium as well as copays and deductibles. Policies are typically a lot of money, cover only the policy holder and re more restricted
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16
Q

Types of private health insurance plans, (2)
- which is most restrictive and which is less?
- Which must stay within the network of care vs larger network for providers?
- which has broad range of benefits, costs are lower and which has incentives $$ to seek care from in network providers
- whih private health insurance have higher premium costs

A
  • HMO and PPO
  • HMo most restrictive, PPO less restrictive
  • HMO must stay within network an PPO has larger network of providers
  • HMO has broad range benefits and costs are lower, PPO has incentives to seek care from in network providers
  • PPO has higher premium costs
17
Q

The affordable care act was passed to …
- does it provide a new way to get health insurance?

A

reduce difficulty in securing insurance
- Yes

18
Q

What is the importance of the health insurance marketplace?

A
  • Designed to help people more easily find health insurance that fits their budget
19
Q

What reforms are included in the ACA?

A
  • New patients bill of rights
  • Bundled Payments
  • Accountable care organizations
  • hospital value based purchasing
  • The medial home
20
Q

What is the Value Based Purchasing (VBP) designed to make?

A
  • quality of care better for patients
  • encourages hospitals to improve care for medicare beneficiaries by:
  • eliminatin adverse effects
  • using EB care standards
  • recognizes hospitals thar provide high-quality care at a lower cost to medicare
21
Q

Soceity vies of government in peoples lives influences development of its ________ systems and ________
- what are the 4 categories of financing and organizing health care

A

healthcare systems and policies
- socialied medicine
- socialized insurance
- mandatory health insurance
- Voluntary insurance

22
Q

why do nurses have an imporant role in healthcare reform?
- what are the goals of healthcare reform

A

goal is cost containment with improved access and quality of services for everyone

23
Q

What are 3 descrete steps for access to healthcare?

A
  • Gaining entry into healthcare system
  • Getting access to sites of care where patient can receive needed services
  • Finding providers with whom patient can communicate, develop trusting relationship, have individual needs met
24
Q

what are the factors in escalation of healthcare costs
- are poeple living longer?
- are there more chronic diseases?
- are pole living longer due to medical advances and technological advances
- do we have medicines that help defend patient from harher illness?
- can some poeple be paying too much

A
  • yes
  • yes
  • yes
  • yes
25
Q

Nurses and Allocation of Resources
- where do nurses require to be aware and participate in discussion affecting allocation of resources?
- nurses may advocate by taking and/or writing to whom? paticipating in what?

A
  • in workplace
  • in communities
  • At federal level
  • engaging in discussions in neighborhood and social groups
  • participating in national discussions through professional orgs
26
Q

What are some cost-containment strategies?

A
  • Price controls
  • protective payment system (billing is determined based off of diagnosis/procedure)
  • also includes diagnosis-related groups, this reimbursment with length of stay
27
Q

ACA legally compels healthcare orangizations to adopt cost-containment measures to…

A
  • improve quality of care
  • to redesign healthcare delivery systems
  • to determine appropriate payment for services
  • to modernize financial systems used to pay for services
  • to eliminate fraud, abuse
28
Q

Number of factors affect staffing
- has expansion of profession led to more options or less?
- are there a high number of nurses leaving the profession?
- are salaries for services in some areas competitive enough or not?
- does staffing shortages combined with high patient acuity increase or decrease nurse stress levels?

A
  • More options
  • Yes
  • Are not competitive enough
  • Increases nurse stress levels
29
Q

All nurses must understand hw costs asociates with ___________ afect nursing ________

A

healthcare; practice

30
Q

what group in the hospital is the most expensive?

A

Nurses

31
Q

True or false:
Nursing staff produce revenue for the hospital

A

No
- they do not produce revenue

32
Q

true or false
- does clinical experience of RN help to improve patient outcomes

A

true

33
Q

true or false
- EB resources will not help to support cost containment within clinical practice setting

A

False, it will help

34
Q
A