Exam 1: Module 2 Flashcards
What is the goal for global health
improving health for all people in all nations by promoting wellness and eliminating avoidable disease, disability, and death
Differernce betwen WHO and CDC
WHO- worldwide, in Switzerland
CDC- Just in America
was covid 19 an epidemic or pandemic
pandemic
Both spanish flu and Covid 19 are spread through what
respiratory droplets
- easily transmissible
what is incidence vs prevalence
incidence: includes only people at risk for the disease
Prevalence: a morbidity measure, not a mortality measure
Cause-specific mortality rate is calculating… what
calculating the number of deaths of teenagers in a country
what is crude mortality rate
comparing mortality rates in illinois to overall mortality rates in the U.S.
Causation in epidemiology studies
When the exposure is decreased or eliminated, the risk of disease declines or is eliminated
prevalence calculation formula
all cases/population @ risk
Incidence calculation formula
New cases/Population @ risk
What is the “agent”
- what is the host?
- What is the environment?
the physical, infectious, or chemical ator that causes the disease (Meds/Interventions kills the agent)
- the living being that an agent or the environment influences
- The environment is the setting or surrounding that sustains the host
Teaching children to cover their cough breaks the links in the chain of transmission is an example of what?
Portal of exit
What are the factors that affect Host susceptibility
- Intact skin and mucous membranes
- Normal pH levels
- Body’s white blood cells
- Age, sex, race, hereditary factors
- Immunization, natural or acquired
- Fatigue, climate, nutritional and general health status
- Stress
- Use of invasive or indwelling medical devices
Endemic def
the constant presence of a disease or infectiou agent within a given geographic area or population group
How is tuberculosis and pertussis transmitted
Airborne and droplet
What is transmission of infectious agent from infected host to susceptile host is called
Examples are…
Direct contact
- STI
- Enterobiasis
- Impetigo
- Lice
- Scabies
What is the mission of IDPH
promote health through prevention and control of disease and injury
CDPH works with communities and partners to create…
an equitable, safe, resilient and healthy chicago
What is a health disparity
A preventabe difference in the effects or experiences of illness, injury, violence, or opportunities experienced by medically underserved and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations
_______ _______ is the attainment of the highest lvel of health for all people
Health Equity
example of Policy Advocacy
a nurse may write a letter to an elected representative regrading a new bill that limited the health care coverage for clients diagnosed with a mental health illness
What is the House Bill 2595
Every insurer to provide coverage to all medically necessary mental healthcare across the state. This includes the treatment of mental, emotional, nervous or substance use disorders
Social determinants of health
- what are key areas to consider related to the determinants that impact an indiciduals health include:
- Economic stability
- Neighborhood and built environment
- Healthcare access and quality
- Social and community context
- Education access and quality
What 3 things need to be addressed to advance health equity
- the social determinants of health
- social risk factors
- social needs
Why SODH, social risk factors AND SOCIAL NEEDS ARE IMPORTANT TO HEALTH DISPARITIES AND HEALTH EQUITY
- social risk factors are defined as…
- Global health cannot be separated from….
- As a global citizen, as a nurse we must be aware of what?
- the adverse social conditions assoc. with poor health, such as food insecurity and housing instability
- From local and national health concerns
- Aware of inequalities between groups of people, and within and between countries and regions have an effect on individuals., familes, communites both locally and internationally
support the development of health care roles in countries that lack health care professionals such as:
- Promote the benefits of nursing as a distinct profession in health promotion and disease prevention and reducinf health care costs.
- Work with govt. to promote the rights of nurses
- Foster programs that promotee environmental sustainability
- Act as mentors or consultants to address the health of individuals and comunities in other countries
What is the name of the international nursing organization?
- where is it located?
- What does it ensure?
- What kind of presence worldwide does it maintain?
- International Council of Nurses
- Ensures quaity nursing care for all and sound health policies
- Maintins a presence of a respected nursing profession
