Exam 1 Missed Questions Flashcards
answer all questions correctly
Hormones that dominate during the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) are the
glucocorticoids
a hormone that promotes glucose formation in the liver is:
cortisol
List three functions suggested for melatonin in humans
maintain circadian rhythms, control the timing of sexual maturation, protect against damage by free radicals
the cusps/leaflets of atrioventricular valves attach directly to
chordae tendineae
as a result of the long refractory period in the cardiac action potential, cardiac muscle. cannot echibit
tetany
the first blood vessels to branch from the aorta are the ___ arteries
coronary
The T wave on an ECG tracing represents
ventricular repolarization
The ___ lines the chambers of the heart, covers the heart valves, and is continuous with the endothelium.
endocardium
Most of the mass of the heart lies to the ___ the midline.
left of
The heart pumps approximately ___ milliliters of blood each minute:
6,000
The ___ valve prevents backward flow into the left atrium
bicuspid
What is coronary ischemia?
coronary ischemia is a condition in which the blood supply of the coronary arteries is reduced
If the cells of the SA node failed to function, how would the heart rate be affected?
the heart would beat slower because the AV node would be the pacemaker
Why does tetany not occur in cardiac muscle
tetany does not occur because cardiac muscle has a long refractory period that continues until relaxation is well under way so summation cannot occur, and thus tetany cannot occur
Compare the duration of atrial and ventricular systole at a representative heart rate of 75 bpm.
atrial systole has a duration of 100 msec, and ventricular systole has a duration of 270 msec.
Describe the areas of the heart supplied by the right and left. coronary arteries
the right coronary artery supplies blood to the right atrium, portions of both ventricles, and the conducting system. The left coronary artery supplies blood to the left ventricle, left atrium, and interventricular septum.
The process of white blood cell production and maturation goes on in all of the following except:
the kidney
the enzyme that can digest fibrin and dissolve a clot is:
plasmin
The disease sickle cell anemia is an example of what can happen if:
a gene for adult hemoglobin is abnormal
What is the most common blood type in the United States
O+
Which of the following vitamins is needed for the formation of clotting factors?
Vitamin K
Each hemoglobin molecule contains
four Fe 2+/3+ ions
(Look at the graph) Identify the hormone labeled “5”
thyroxin (thyroid hormones)
The hormone that dominates during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is
epinephrine
An excess of which hormones can lead to acromegaly?
arrow 6
Teh pituitary hormone that promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone is
LH
After brain surgery patient receiving postoperative care in an intensive care unit began to pass large volumes of very dilute urine. The ICU nurse administered a medicine that mimics which of the following hormones?
ADH
The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in testes
FSH
INcreased levels of the hormone ___ will lead to increased levels of calcium ions in the blood
PTH
Destruction of the supra-optic nucleus of the hypothalamus would have which result?
loss of ADH secretion
A hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion content of the body is
thymosin
