AP II Exam 3 Review

Question 1

The largest shield-shaped cartilage of the larynx is the ___ cartilage:
a) epiglottal
b) cuneiform
c) cricoid
d) arytenoid
e) thyroid

Answer 1

e

Question 2

The most important chemical regulator of respiration is:
a. hemoglobin
b. oxygen
c. sodium ion.
d. bicarbonate ion.
e. carbon dioxide

Answer 2

e

Question 3

The pneumotaxic center of the pons:
a. prolongs inspiration
b. suppresses the expiratory center in the medulla
c. sets that at-rest respiratory pattern
d. both prolongs inspiration and modified the rate and depth of breathing
e. modifies the rate and depth of breathing

Answer 3

c

Question 4

At a P-O2 of 70 mm Hg and a normal temperature and pH, hemoglobin is ___ percent saturated with oxygen.
a. 75
b.10
c. 25
d. 50
e. more than 90

Answer 4

e

Question 5

Define oxyhemoglobin:
a) hemoglobin that has less than 4 molecules of oxygen bound
b. hemoglobin with 4 molecules of oxygen bound and 4 molecules of carbon dioxide bound
c. hemoglobin that has less that 4 molecules of carbon dioxide bound
d. hemoglobin that has four molecules of oxygen bound
e. hemoglobin that has 4 molecules of carbon dioxide bound

Answer 5

d

Question 6

Which of the following is not a function of the nasal mucosa?
a. dehumidify the incoming air
b. cool outgoing air
c. dehumidify the outgoing air
d. trap particulate matter
e. humidify the incoming air

Answer 6

a

Question 7

Each terminal bronchiole supplies air directly to:
a. several alveolar sacs
b. about 6500 bronchioles
c. a single pulmonary lobule
d. a single alveolar duct
e. over 150 alveoli

Answer 7

e

Question 8

Which of the following would be greater?
a. hemoglobin’s affinity of oxygen when the BPG level is high
b. hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is low

Answer 8

b

Question 9

Identify the paired and unpaired cartilages that compose the larynx;
a. the pharyngeal, tracheal, and vocal folds. UP are thyroid cartilage vestibular fold and rima glottidis.
b. Paired were arytenoid, corniculate and cuneiform. Unpaired are the thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, and epiglottis
c. Paired are corniculate, cuboid, and cuneiform. Unpaired are glottis, and epiglottis.
d. Paired are vestibular and vocal. Unpaired are thyroid and sternocleidomastoid.
e. Paired cartilages are arytenoid, pharyngeal, and laryngeal. Unpaired are thyroid and parathyroid cartilage.

Answer 9

b

Question 10

During swallowing, all of the following occur except:
a. the larynx is elevated
b. the uvula rises to block the oropharynx,
c. solids are prevented from entering the respiratory tract.
d. liquids are prevented from entering the respiratory tract.
e. the epiglottis folds over the glottis

Answer 10

b

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true regarding activity in the alveoli:
a. alveolar capillaries constrict when oxygen levels are high
b. they are composed of simple cuboidal epithelium
c. type i pneumocytes produce surfactant
d. type II pneumocytes are the site of gas exchange
e. alveolar macrophages collect stray dust particles

Answer 11

d?

Question 12

The airway that connects the larynx to the bronchi is the
a. trachea
b. bronchus
c, laryngopharynx
d. bronchiole
e. alveolar duct

Answer 12

a

Question 13

Define oxyhemoglobin:
a) hemoglobin that has less than 4 molecules of oxygen bound
b. hemoglobin with 4 molecules of oxygen bound and 4 molecules of carbon dioxide bound
c. hemoglobin that has less that 4 molecules of carbon dioxide bound
d. hemoglobin that has four molecules of oxygen bound
e. hemoglobin that has 4 molecules of carbon dioxide bound

Answer 13

d

Question 14

A hemoglobin molecule contains ___ globular protein subunits
a. 2 alpha and 2 beta
b. 4 beta
c. 2 alpha and 3 beta
d. 1 alpha and 1 beta
e. 4 alpha

Answer 14

a. 2 alpha and 2 beta

Question 15

Which ventilates alveoli more effectively: slow, deep breaths, or rapid, shallow breaths? explain why.
a. rapid, shallow breaths because a larger amount of the tidal volume of each breath is spent moving air into and out of the anatomic dead space.
b. slow, deep breaths because a smaller amount of the tidal volume of each breath is spent moving air into and out of the anatomic dead space
c. slow, deep breaths because a larger amount of the tidal volume of each breath is spent moving air into and out of the anatomic dead space
d. rapid, shallow breaths because a smaller amount of the tidal volume of each breath is spent moving air into and out o the anatomic dead space.

Answer 15

c

Question 16

All of the following provide chemoreceptor input to the respiratory centers of the medulla oblongata except the
a. carotid sinuses
b. medullary chemoreceptors
c. olfactory epithelium
d. aortic sinuses
e. all of the answers are correct

Answer 16

c

Question 17

Which of the following is false about the pharynx?
a. it’s shared by the integumentary and respiratory systems
b. the nasopharynx is superior
c. the laryngopharynx ends at esophagus opening
d. solids, liquids, and gasses pass through
e. the oropharynx connects to the oral cavity

Answer 17

a

Question 18

What physical changes affect the volume of the lungs?
a. the movements of the upper limbs affect the volume of the lungs
b. the contraction of tracheal smooth muscle affect the volume of the lungs
c. the degree of flexion and extension of the trunk affect the volume of the lungs
d. the movements of the diaphragm and rib cage affect the volume of the lungs
e. the contraction of the abdominal muscles affect the volume of the lungs

Answer 18

d

Question 19

Henry’s law states that
a. in a mixture of gases such as air, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressures of the gases in the mixture
b. gas pressure is inversely proportional to gas volume
c. gas volume and pressure are inversely proportional
d. the volume of gas the will dissolve in a solvent is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas
e. gas volume and temperature are directly proportional

Answer 19

b

Question 20

If the fluid bond between the parietal and visceral pleura is broken and the lung collapses, the resulting condition is termed;
a. anaplasia
b. metaplasia
c. emphysema
d. apnea
e. atelectasis

Answer 20

d